Oceans最新文献 - Book学术

Cnida Morphology as Taxonomic Tools within Tube-Dwelling Anemones (Ceriantharia, Cnidaria) 将栉水母形态学作为管栖海葵（Ceriantharia，刺丝胞动物）的分类工具

Oceans Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.3390/oceans5030029

Anny C. Forero-Mejia, Laurent Duchatelet, Carina Östman

{"title":"Cnida Morphology as Taxonomic Tools within Tube-Dwelling Anemones (Ceriantharia, Cnidaria)","authors":"Anny C. Forero-Mejia, Laurent Duchatelet, Carina Östman","doi":"10.3390/oceans5030029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans5030029","url":null,"abstract":"Cnidome morphology appears to be a valuable tool for anthozoan (Octocarallia, Ceriantharia, and Hexacorallia) taxonomy. Ceriantharian cnidomes consist of b-mastigophores, isorhizas, spirocysts, and ptychocysts, including different subtypes. The b-mastigophores are the most valuable ceriantharian cnidae for species identification. The Ceriantharian b-mastigophore terminology is congruent to the b-mastigophores of Carlgren, b-rhabdoids, including the “faltstück” of Schmidt, spirulae, and also potentially the penicilli of den Hartog. The apical tightly folded, inverted b-mastigophore shafts, the “faltstück”, are important species-specific characteristics due to their various patterns. The mesenterial structures known as craspedonemes, cnidorages, and acontioids also have high taxonomic value. Drop-shaped b-mastigophores might be characteristic nematocysts for mesenteries. The occurrence of isorhizas and striations on the inner ptychocyst capsule walls are other species’ characteristics. The morphological similarities of spirulae and penicilli to b-mastigophores within Hexacorallia are highlighted by naming spirulae and penicilli as b-mastigophores/spirulae and b-mastigophores/penicilli subtypes, respectively. The slight morphological distinction between spirulae and penicilli will doubtfully justify the suborders Spirularia and Penicillaria. The spirocysts presence in Ceriantharia and Hexacorallia indicates a closer relationship between Ceriantharia and Hexacorallia than between Ceriantharia and Octocorallia. Octocorallia are the only anthozoans without spirocysts. This work underlines the importance of cnidome morphological analysis for taxonomic identification and classification.","PeriodicalId":506146,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":" 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141674953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comment on Lesser et al. Using Stable Isotope Analyses to Assess the Trophic Ecology of Scleractinian Corals. Oceans 2022, 3, 527–546 Comment on Lesser et al. Using Stable Isotope Analyses to Assess the Trophic Ecology of Scleractinian Corals.海洋 2022，3，527-546

Oceans Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.3390/oceans5030027

S. Kahng

{"title":"Comment on Lesser et al. Using Stable Isotope Analyses to Assess the Trophic Ecology of Scleractinian Corals. Oceans 2022, 3, 527–546","authors":"S. Kahng","doi":"10.3390/oceans5030027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans5030027","url":null,"abstract":"In warm oligotrophic waters, photosymbiotic coral can flourish across a wide depth range (0–170+ m), extending to depths where light attenuates to ~0.1% of surface values. Conventional wisdom has long assumed that mixotrophic corals must increasingly rely on heterotrophy as the ambient light available to drive photosynthesis decreases with depth. However, evidence challenging this traditional dogma has been accumulating in recent years. Although some evidence suggests that some depth-generalist coral species likely increase their reliance on heterotrophy with increasing depth, there is growing evidence that other species do not. Analysis of bulk stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) applied to photosymbiotic corals has been used in several ways to infer their trophic ecology and their relative dependence on symbiont photosynthesis versus heterotrophic feeding. However, metrics based on bulk tissue δ13C and δ15N values are subject to considerable uncertainty due to the multiple factors that can affect their values independent of trophic ecology. These competing factors can be quite challenging to disentangle and have led to inconsistent results and conclusions regarding trends in coral heterotrophy with depth. The evidence to date suggests no uniform trophic pattern with increasing depth or decreasing light. Different corals appear to function differently, which is not surprising given their phylogenetic diversity.","PeriodicalId":506146,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":" 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141676070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Reply to Kahng, S.E. Comment on “Lesser et al. Using Stable Isotope Analyses to Assess the Trophic Ecology of Scleractinian Corals. Oceans 2022, 3, 527–546” 回复 Kahng, S.E. 对 "Lesser 等人利用稳定同位素分析评估硬骨珊瑚的营养生态学。Oceans 2022, 3, 527-546" 发表评论

Oceans Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.3390/oceans5030028

M. P. Lesser, M. Slattery, K. Macartney

引用次数: 0

A Comparison between the Production of Edible Macroalgae Worldwide and in the Mediterranean Sea 全球和地中海食用大型藻类产量比较

Oceans Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.3390/oceans5030026

Gorana Jelić Mrc̓elić, Svjetlana Krstulović Šifner, V. Nerlović

{"title":"A Comparison between the Production of Edible Macroalgae Worldwide and in the Mediterranean Sea","authors":"Gorana Jelić Mrc̓elić, Svjetlana Krstulović Šifner, V. Nerlović","doi":"10.3390/oceans5030026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans5030026","url":null,"abstract":"Macroalgae are beneficial for consumers and producers due to their high productivity, their chemical composition and their efficient cultivation without additional feed. Asia dominates global macroalgae production, while European production is still marginal and mainly based on wild harvesting in the North Atlantic. The European Commission has launched initiatives to promote the sustainable production, safe consumption and innovative use of macroalgae products in European regional seas, including the Mediterranean Sea. A variety of coastal and seabed types and a wide range of environmental conditions make the Mediterranean a hotspot of marine biodiversity while providing good conditions for the cultivation of macroalgae. The aim of this paper is to compare the global macroalgae production and macroalgae production in the Mediterranean Sea, focussing on the cultivation of edible macroalgae. The paper also discusses the limitations and possibilities of macroalgae production in the region. Macroalgae production is one of the most promising sectors of the blue economy in the Mediterranean. The production of edible macroalgae suitable for human consumption has great potential, considering future population growth and related food security and health issues, as well as the additional ecosystem benefits of macroalgae production.","PeriodicalId":506146,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"201 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141681409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coupled Meteo–Hydrodynamic Approach in Semi-Enclosed Basins and Sensitivity Assessment of Wind-Driven Current 半封闭盆地的气象-流体力学耦合方法以及风驱动水流的敏感性评估

Oceans Pub Date : 2024-05-19 DOI: 10.3390/oceans5020019

E. Armenio, Andrea Tateo, Francesca Fedele, Nicola Ungaro, M. Mossa, Vittorio Esposito, Vincenzo Campanaro

{"title":"Coupled Meteo–Hydrodynamic Approach in Semi-Enclosed Basins and Sensitivity Assessment of Wind-Driven Current","authors":"E. Armenio, Andrea Tateo, Francesca Fedele, Nicola Ungaro, M. Mossa, Vittorio Esposito, Vincenzo Campanaro","doi":"10.3390/oceans5020019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans5020019","url":null,"abstract":"A coupled numerical approach that combines the WRF model and the Mike 3 (DHI) hydrodynamic model was developed and applied in two semi-enclosed basins in the Ionian Sea (Italy) to assess the wind-driven current. To gain a better understanding of how the sea current field can vary depending on meteorological data forcing, three different scenario were set up. The sensitivity of the sea current pattern was investigated as a function of the type of meteorological forcing and appreciating the differences in the results. The aims of this study are threefold. Firstly, we wish to define an ad hoc procedure to join the model-computed meteorological parameters in the hydrodynamic model. Secondly, we will investigate the feedback from the Mar Piccolo and Mar Grande basins in the Ionian Sea using fully coupled simulations and an uncoupled system where the atmospheric parameters are derived from a ground station. Finally, we will evaluate the results achieved by applying two scenarios of typical meteorological conditions to the study site. The model results highlighted the variability of sea currents depending on meteorological forcing.","PeriodicalId":506146,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"110 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141124672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy Efficiency Analysis of a Deformable Wave Energy Converter Using Fully Coupled Dynamic Simulations 利用全耦合动态模拟分析可变形波能转换器的能效

Oceans Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.3390/oceans5020014

Chen Luo, Luofeng Huang

{"title":"Energy Efficiency Analysis of a Deformable Wave Energy Converter Using Fully Coupled Dynamic Simulations","authors":"Chen Luo, Luofeng Huang","doi":"10.3390/oceans5020014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans5020014","url":null,"abstract":"Deformable wave energy converters have significant potential for application as flexible material that can mitigate structural issues, while how to design the dimensions and choose an optimal deployment location remain unclear. In this paper, fully coupled computational fluid dynamics and computational solid mechanics were used to simulate the dynamic interactions between ocean waves and a deformable wave energy converter. The simulation results showed that the relative length to wave, deployment depth and aspect ratio of the device have significant effects on the energy conversion efficiency. By calculating the energy captured per unit width of the device, the energy efficiency was found to be up to 138%. The optimal energy conversion efficiencies were achieved when the structure length was 0.25, 0.5 or 0.75 of the dominating wavelength and submerged at a corresponding suitable depth. The aspect ratio and maximum stress inside the wave energy converter showed a nonlinear trend, with potential optimal points revealed. The simulation approach and results support the future design and optimisation of flexiable wave energy converters or other marine structures with notable deformations.","PeriodicalId":506146,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"271 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140703976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global Chlorophyll Concentration Distribution and Effects on Bottom Reflectance of Coral Reefs 全球叶绿素浓度分布及其对珊瑚礁底部反射率的影响

Oceans Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.3390/oceans5020013

Ana G. Bonelli, Paulina Martin, Phillip Noel, G. Asner

引用次数: 0

Widespread Coral Bleaching and Mass Mortality of Reef-Building Corals in Southern Mexican Pacific Reefs Due to 2023 El Niño Warming 2023 年厄尔尼诺变暖导致墨西哥南部太平洋珊瑚礁大面积珊瑚白化和建礁珊瑚大量死亡

Oceans Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.3390/oceans5020012

Andrés López-Pérez, R. Granja‐Fernández, E. Ramírez-Chávez, Omar Valencia-Méndez, F. Rodríguez-Zaragoza, Tania González‐Mendoza, Armando Martínez-Castro

{"title":"Widespread Coral Bleaching and Mass Mortality of Reef-Building Corals in Southern Mexican Pacific Reefs Due to 2023 El Niño Warming","authors":"Andrés López-Pérez, R. Granja‐Fernández, E. Ramírez-Chávez, Omar Valencia-Méndez, F. Rodríguez-Zaragoza, Tania González‐Mendoza, Armando Martínez-Castro","doi":"10.3390/oceans5020012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans5020012","url":null,"abstract":"In May 2023, oceanic and atmospheric anomalies indicated El Niño conditions in the eastern Pacific, followed by coral bleaching in coral communities and reefs of Huatulco. We conducted surveys and sampled coral reef communities from late June to mid–August of 2023 to evaluate the intensity and extent of the changes associated with the warming event. From January of 2023, Huatulco experienced positive sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies; however, beginning in June, the high-temperature anomalies became extreme (>31 °C; ~2 °C above historical records). These high temperatures resulted in extensive coral bleaching in middle–late June and mortality from middle–late July (>50–93%). In addition, the area experienced significant reductions in echinoderm abundance and fish biomass. In 2023, severe bleaching affected coral systems in the Central Mexican Pacific, Gulf of Mexico, and Mexican Caribbean, making this the most devastating marine heatwave event, simultaneously impacting coral reefs across Mexico’s Pacific and Atlantic coasts.","PeriodicalId":506146,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"3 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effects of Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) on the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis: A Multi-Biomarker Approach 四溴双酚 A (TBBPA) 对贻贝的影响：多生物标志物方法

Oceans Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.3390/oceans5020011

Sandra Copeto, Sara Ganço, I. Ferreira, Marco Silva, Carla Motta, M. Diniz

{"title":"The Effects of Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) on the Mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis: A Multi-Biomarker Approach","authors":"Sandra Copeto, Sara Ganço, I. Ferreira, Marco Silva, Carla Motta, M. Diniz","doi":"10.3390/oceans5020011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans5020011","url":null,"abstract":"Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is a fire-retardant containing bromine, produced in large quantities worldwide and extensively used in several industrial products. This compound was identified as a potential contaminant of the environment, causing toxicity to organisms. However, its toxicity remains poorly understood in marine bivalves. The first objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of TBBPA on mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) exposed for 28 days to various concentrations of TBBPA (0, 1, 10, and 100 µg·L−1), by assessing stress biomarkers’ responses (Glutathione S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, lipid peroxidation, total antioxidant capacity, total ubiquitin, caspase-3 and acetylcholinesterase). The results showed that lower concentrations (1 and 10 µg·L−1) were efficiently detoxified, as suggested by GST activities, which were supported by the responses of the other biomarkers. The most pronounced effects were observed in animals exposed to the highest concentration of TBBPA (100 µg·L−1), suggesting oxidative stress. Additionally, significant strong correlations were found between total antioxidant capacity and some biomarkers (superoxide dismutase and lipid peroxidation), showing that processes involved in oxidative stress fighting are working to avoid cell injury. In brief, mussels’ defense mechanisms were capable of dealing with exposure to the lower concentrations tested. Despite this, the risk of consuming shellfish or other fishery products contaminated with TBBPA should be a cause for concern.","PeriodicalId":506146,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":"11 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140748004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of Food Concentration and Light Intensity on the Growth of a Model Coral 食物浓度和光照强度对模式珊瑚生长的影响

Oceans Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.3390/oceans5020009

Tung-Yung Fan, Yan-Leng Huang, Anderson Mayfield

{"title":"Effects of Food Concentration and Light Intensity on the Growth of a Model Coral","authors":"Tung-Yung Fan, Yan-Leng Huang, Anderson Mayfield","doi":"10.3390/oceans5020009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/oceans5020009","url":null,"abstract":"Since reef-building corals rely on both heterotrophy and endosymbiotic dinoflagellate autotrophy to meet their metabolic needs, it is necessary to consider both food supply and light levels, respectively, when optimizing their cultivation ex situ. Herein nubbins of the model reef coral Pocillopora acuta cultured in recirculating aquaculture systems at photosynthetically active radiation levels of 370 or 670 μmol quanta m−2 s−1 were fed Artemia nauplii at concentrations of either 33 or 78 individuals mL−1 in a separate feeding tank for 6 hr in the dark thrice weekly. A subset of nubbins was experimentally wounded at the outset of the 84-day experiment to assess recovery, and 100% fully healed within 2–4 weeks. All cultured corals survived, and unwounded corals (1) grew at a specific growth rate approaching 0.5% day−1 and (2) demonstrated a mean total linear extension of 0.2% day−1 (~6–8 cm year−1); these are far higher than growth rates normally documented in situ. In the feeding tank, corals tolerated nitrate levels up to 25 mg L−1, but once concentrations reached 50 mg L−1 by day 84, tissue necrosis began to occur in nubbins of one tank. This highlights the importance of feeding in separate tanks during long-term culture of corals, and bio-filtration could reduce the possibility of organic matter accumulation in future coral culture studies.","PeriodicalId":506146,"journal":{"name":"Oceans","volume":" 63","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140384627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0