Current Zoology最新文献_第9页

Expanding through the Emerald Isle: Exploration and spatial orientation of non-native bank voles in Ireland 通过翡翠岛扩张:爱尔兰非本地银行田鼠的探索和空间定位

2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2023-08-23 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoad038

Valeria Mazza, Jana A Eccard

{"title":"Expanding through the Emerald Isle: Exploration and spatial orientation of non-native bank voles in Ireland","authors":"Valeria Mazza, Jana A Eccard","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoad038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoad038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Whether introduced into a completely novel habitat or slowly expanding their current range, the degree to which animals can efficiently explore and navigate new environments can be key to survival, ultimately determining population establishment and colonization success. We tested whether spatial orientation and exploratory behavior are associated with non-native spread in free-living bank voles (Myodes glareolus, N = 43) from a population accidentally introduced to Ireland a century ago. We measured spatial orientation and navigation in a radial arm maze, and behaviors associated to exploratory tendencies and risk-taking in repeated open-field tests, at the expansion edge and in the source population. Bank voles at the expansion edge re-visited unrewarded arms of the maze more, waited longer before leaving it, took longer to start exploring both the radial arm maze and the open field, and were more risk-averse compared to conspecifics in the source population. Taken together, results suggest that for this small mammal under heavy predation pressure, a careful and thorough exploration strategy might be favored when expanding into novel environments.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"236 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135521145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Alien lesser bandicoot rats have established wild populations in China 外来小地鼠已在中国建立野生种群

2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2023-08-19 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoad039

Ming-Yu Zhang, Zhi-Ming Li, Rui-Dong Cao, Jin-Hua Zhang, Qing Liu, Xi-Chao Zhu, Quan-Sheng Liu, Yao-Hua Zhang, Jian-Xu Zhang

引用次数: 0

Differential transport of a guild of mutualistic root aphids by the ant Lasius flavus. 一群共生的根蚜虫在黄蚁中的差异运输。

IF 2.2 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoac060

Thomas Parmentier

{"title":"Differential transport of a guild of mutualistic root aphids by the ant Lasius flavus.","authors":"Thomas Parmentier","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoac060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoac060","url":null,"abstract":"Mutually beneficial associations are widespread in ecological networks. They are typically assembled as multispecies guilds of symbionts that compete for one or more host species. The ant Lasius flavus engages in an intriguing and obligate mutualistic association with a community of aphids that are cultivated on plant roots in its nests. The ant displays a repertoire of amicable behaviors toward the aphids, including their transport. I examined whether L. flavus preferentially carried some of the root aphids. Using a no-choice and a choice experiment, I comparatively analyzed the transport rate of 5 obligate and one loosely associated species back to the ant nest and used the transport rate of the ant larvae as a reference. All associated root aphids were carried back to the nest, but in a clear preferential hierarchy. Geoica utricularia, Forda Formicaria, and Trama rara were rapidly transported, but slower than the own larvae. Tetraneura ulmi and Geoica setulosa were collected at a moderate rate and the loosely associated Aploneura lentisci was slowly retrieved. In contrast, different species of unassociated aphids were not transported and even provoked aggressive behavior in L. flavus. This study revealed that co-occurring symbionts may induce different degrees of host attraction, which ultimately may affect the coexistence and assembly of ant-symbiont communities.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"69 4","pages":"409-417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/15/73/zoac060.PMC10443613.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10069820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interspecific differences and ecological correlations between scale number and skin structure in freshwater fishes. 淡水鱼鳞数与表皮结构的种间差异及生态相关性。

IF 2.2 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoac059

Haoran Gu, Haoyu Wang, Shudang Zhu, Dengyue Yuan, Xiangyan Dai, Zhijian Wang

{"title":"Interspecific differences and ecological correlations between scale number and skin structure in freshwater fishes.","authors":"Haoran Gu, Haoyu Wang, Shudang Zhu, Dengyue Yuan, Xiangyan Dai, Zhijian Wang","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoac059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoac059","url":null,"abstract":"Fish skin is mainly composed of the epidermis, dermis, and its derivative scales. There is a wide diversity in scale number in fishes, but the diversity of skin structure lacks systematic histological comparison. This research aimed to improve our understanding of the functional relationship between the scale number and the skin structure in freshwater fishes and to determine which ecological factors affect the scale number and skin structure. First, we presented a method to quantify skin structure in fish and histologically quantified the skin structure of 54 freshwater fishes. Second, we collected the scale number and habitat information of 509 Cyprinidae fishes in China and explored which ecological factors were related to their scale number. Third, common carp and scaleless carp were used as models to study the effects of scale loss on swimming. We found a strong negative correlation between scale thickness and scale number. The main factor affecting the skin structure of fishes was the species' water column position, and the skin of benthic fishes was the most well-developed (thicker skin layers (dermis, epidermis) or more/larger goblet cells and club cells). The scale number was related to two factors, namely, temperature and water column position, and cold, benthic and pelagic adaptation may have contributed to increased scale numbers. Only in benthic fishes, the more well-developed their skin, the more scales. In common carp, scale loss did not affect its swimming performance. In summary, we suggest that there is a rich diversity of skin structure in freshwater fishes, and the scales of fish with well-developed skin tend to degenerate (greater number/smaller size/thinner, or even disappear), but the skin of fish with degenerated scales is not necessarily well developed.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"69 4","pages":"491-500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c5/55/zoac059.PMC10443616.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10069821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Mismatch between calf paternity and observed copulations between male and female reindeer: Multiple mating in a polygynous ungulate? 幼鹿父权与观察到的雄性和雌性驯鹿之间的交配不匹配:一夫多妻有蹄类动物的多次交配?

IF 2.2 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoac054

Keenin R Coombs, Robert B Weladji, Øystein Holand, Knut H Røed

{"title":"Mismatch between calf paternity and observed copulations between male and female reindeer: Multiple mating in a polygynous ungulate?","authors":"Keenin R Coombs, Robert B Weladji, Øystein Holand, Knut H Røed","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoac054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoac054","url":null,"abstract":"In polygynous systems, such as that exhibited by reindeer Rangifer tarandus, mate choice can be difficult to disentangle from male intrasexual competition because male behavior may constrain female choice. Multiple mating may provide an avenue for female mate choice, though it is difficult to identify using behavioral estimators alone. Molecular techniques address this issue by affording ecologists an opportunity to reassess mating systems from a genetic perspective. We assessed the frequency and possible explanations for multiple mating in reindeer using a genetic approach to determine the success of observed copulations in a semi-domesticated herd in Kaamanen, Finland. Behavioral and genetic data were synthesized with population characteristics over a 7-year period to test the hypothesis that, if present, polyandry in reindeer is driven by sexual harassment from sub-dominant males. We observed multiple mating in 42% of females, with as many as 60% exhibiting multiple mating in certain years. We found no evidence that multiple mating resulted from sexual harassment by sub-dominant males, suggesting that it is likely a deliberate strategy among females. Conversion rate of copulations into paternities varied with male size, with smaller males more likely to experience mismatch than larger males. Female preference for larger males persisted despite the occurrence of multiple mating, possibly suggesting a mechanism for cryptic post-copulatory selection. We suggest further research to delineate the possible influence of cryptic post-copulatory selection and multiple mating to defend against infertility in exhausted males.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"69 4","pages":"377-384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/55/6c/zoac054.PMC10443607.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10067969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The combined role of visual and olfactory cues in foraging by Cataglyphis ants in laboratory mazes. 视觉和嗅觉线索在巨形蚁在实验室迷宫中觅食中的联合作用。

IF 2.2 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoac058

Tomer Gilad, Ori Bahar, Malak Hasan, Adi Bar, Aziz Subach, Inon Scharf

{"title":"The combined role of visual and olfactory cues in foraging by Cataglyphis ants in laboratory mazes.","authors":"Tomer Gilad, Ori Bahar, Malak Hasan, Adi Bar, Aziz Subach, Inon Scharf","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoac058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoac058","url":null,"abstract":"Foragers use several senses to locate food, and many animals rely on vision and smell. It is beneficial not to rely on a single sense, which might fail under certain conditions. We examined the contribution of vision and smell to foraging and maze exploration under laboratory conditions using Cataglyphis desert ants as a model. Foraging intensity, measured as the number of workers entering the maze and arriving at the target as well as target arrival time, were greater when food, blue light, or both were offered or presented in contrast to a control. Workers trained to forage for a combined food and light cue elevated their foraging intensity with experience. However, foraging intensity was not higher when using both cues simultaneously than in either one of the two alone. Following training, we split between the two cues and moved either the food or the blue light to the opposite maze corner. This manipulation impaired foraging success by either leading to fewer workers arriving at the target cell (when the light stayed and the food was moved) or to more workers arriving at the opposite target cell, empty of food (when the food stayed and the light was moved). This result indicates that ant workers use both senses when foraging for food and readily associate light with food.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"69 4","pages":"401-408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e0/22/zoac058.PMC10443614.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10069815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The vocalization of the red junglefowl is a signal of body size and individual health. 红色丛林鸟的叫声是身体大小和个人健康的信号。

IF 2.2 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoac053

Peipei Hao, Kai Zhao, Xi Huang, Xiaodong Rao, Wei Liang, Yanyun Zhang

{"title":"The vocalization of the red junglefowl is a signal of body size and individual health.","authors":"Peipei Hao, Kai Zhao, Xi Huang, Xiaodong Rao, Wei Liang, Yanyun Zhang","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoac053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoac053","url":null,"abstract":"Bird songs are considered a sexually selected trait that can reflect the individual health of males as well as the vitality of potential mates and their competitors. Vocalization features should, therefore, be related to parasite load and body condition. Here, we performed a thorough acoustic analysis of the display calls of 9-month-old sub-adults and 18-month-old adults of pasture-raised red junglefowls Gallus gallus. We investigated whether the calls of pasture-raised red junglefowls can indicate body size and body condition, in addition to the influence of parasitic infection intensity on the expression of sexual traits. We found that frequency-related syllable parameters were significantly positively correlated with wing length in adults, whereas body weight was independent of both the frequency and temporal parameters of calls. In addition, we correlated parasitic load with the expression of sexually selected traits and discovered a positive association between the intensity of parasite infection and wing length in sub-adults, independent of vocal parameters. Overall, the results suggest that the vocalization of red junglefowls may convey reliable body size information, which will facilitate further studies of different vocal parameters in the transmission of bird vocalizations.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"69 4","pages":"393-400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0b/49/zoac053.PMC10443612.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10069816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Multivariate analyses of skull morphology inform the taxonomy and evolution of geomyoid rodents. 颅骨形态学的多变量分析为geomyoid啮齿动物的分类和进化提供了信息。

IF 2.2 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoac055

Lily A Noftz, Jonathan J M Calede

{"title":"Multivariate analyses of skull morphology inform the taxonomy and evolution of geomyoid rodents.","authors":"Lily A Noftz, Jonathan J M Calede","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoac055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoac055","url":null,"abstract":"Morphological analyses are critical to quantify phenotypic variation, identify taxa, inform phylogenetic relationships, and shed light on evolutionary patterns. This work is particularly important in groups that display great morphological disparity. Such is the case in geomyoid rodents, a group that includes 2 of the most species-rich families of rodents in North America: the Geomyidae (pocket gophers) and the Heteromyidae (kangaroo rats, pocket mice, and their relatives). We assessed variation in skull morphology (including both shape and size) among geomyoids to test the hypothesis that there are statistically significant differences in skull measurements at the family, genus, and species levels. Our sample includes 886 specimens representing all geomyoid genera and 39 species. We used the geometric mean to compare size across taxa. We used 14 measurements of the cranium and lower jaw normalized for size to compare shape among and within taxa. Our results show that skull measurements enable the distinction of geomyoids at the family, genus, and species levels. There is a larger amount of size variation within Geomyidae than within Heteromyidae. Our phylomorphospace analysis shows that the skull shape of the common ancestor of all geomyoids was more similar to the common ancestor of heteromyids than that of geomyids. Geomyid skulls display negative allometry whereas heteromyid skulls display positive allometry. Within heteromyids, dipodomyines, and non-dipodomyines show significantly different allometric patterns. Future analyses including fossils will be necessary to test our evolutionary hypotheses.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"69 4","pages":"456-474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/90/43/zoac055.PMC10443661.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10069814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

A diagnosis model of parental care: How parents optimize their provisioning strategy in brood reduction? 亲代关爱的诊断模型:父母如何优化他们的供给策略?

IF 2.2 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoac064

Zhen-Qin Zhu, Shu-Mei Zi, Li-Fang Gao, Xiao-Dan Zhang, Fang-Yuan Liu, Qian Wang, Bo Du

{"title":"A diagnosis model of parental care: How parents optimize their provisioning strategy in brood reduction?","authors":"Zhen-Qin Zhu, Shu-Mei Zi, Li-Fang Gao, Xiao-Dan Zhang, Fang-Yuan Liu, Qian Wang, Bo Du","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoac064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoac064","url":null,"abstract":"Altricial birds often display biased preferences in providing parental care for their dependent offspring, especially during food shortages. During this process, such inflexible rules may result in provisioning errors. To demonstrate how parents optimize their provisioning strategies, we proposed a \"diagnosis model\" of parental care to posit that parents will undergo a diagnosis procedure to test whether selecting against some particular offspring based on phenotype is an optimal strategy. We tested this model in an asynchronous hatching bird, the Azure-winged Magpie Cyanopica cyanus, based on 10 years of data about demography and parental provisioning behaviors. Given their higher daily survival rates, core offspring (those hatched on the first day) merits an investment priority compared with their marginal brood mates (those hatched on later days). However, a marginal offspring also merited a priority if it displayed greater weight gain than the expected value at the early post-hatching days. Parents could detect such a marginal offspring via a diagnosis strategy, in which they provisioned the brood at the diagnosis stage by delivering food to every nestling that begged, then biased food toward high-value nestlings at the subsequent decision stage by making a negative response to the begging of low-value nestlings. In this provisioning strategy, the growth performance of a nestling became a more reliable indicator of its investment value than its hatching order or competitive ability. Our findings provide evidence for this \"diagnosis model of parental care\" wherein parents use a diagnosis method to optimize their provisioning strategy in brood reduction.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"69 4","pages":"385-392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6a/d0/zoac064.PMC10443608.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10122700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phenotypic plasticity in the monoclonal marbled crayfish is associated with very low genetic diversity but pronounced epigenetic diversity. 单克隆大理石纹螯虾的表型可塑性与极低的遗传多样性有关，但与显著的表观遗传多样性有关。

IF 2.2 2区生物学

Current Zoology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoac094

Günter Vogt

{"title":"Phenotypic plasticity in the monoclonal marbled crayfish is associated with very low genetic diversity but pronounced epigenetic diversity.","authors":"Günter Vogt","doi":"10.1093/cz/zoac094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/cz/zoac094","url":null,"abstract":"Clonal organisms are particularly useful to investigate the contribution of epigenetics to phenotypic plasticity, because confounding effects of genetic variation are negligible. In the last decade, the apomictic parthenogenetic marbled crayfish, Procambarus virginalis, has been developed as a model to investigate the relationships between phenotypic plasticity and genetic and epigenetic diversity in detail. This crayfish originated about 30 years ago by autotriploidy from a single slough crayfish Procambarus fallax. As the result of human releases and active spreading, marbled crayfish has established numerous populations in very diverse habitats in 22 countries from the tropics to cold temperate regions. Studies in the laboratory and field revealed considerable plasticity in coloration, spination, morphometric parameters, growth, food preference, population structure, trophic position, and niche width. Illumina and PacBio whole-genome sequencing of marbled crayfish from representatives of 19 populations in Europe and Madagascar demonstrated extremely low genetic diversity within and among populations, indicating that the observed phenotypic diversity and ability to live in strikingly different environments are not due to adaptation by selection on genetic variation. In contrast, considerable differences were found between populations in the DNA methylation patterns of hundreds of genes, suggesting that the environmentally induced phenotypic plasticity is mediated by epigenetic mechanisms and corresponding changes in gene expression. Specific DNA methylation fingerprints persisted in local populations over successive years indicating the existence of epigenetic ecotypes, but there is presently no information as to whether these epigenetic signatures are transgenerationally inherited or established anew in each generation and whether the recorded phenotypic plasticity is adaptive or nonadaptive.","PeriodicalId":50599,"journal":{"name":"Current Zoology","volume":"69 4","pages":"426-441"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d0/a2/zoac094.PMC10443617.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10421770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1