DendrochronologiaPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-09-05DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126405
Tian Chen , Yu Xia , Peiyao Tao , Jingyun Ma , Xiaohua Gou , Miaomiao Du , Fen Zhang
{"title":"Synchrony patterns of radial growth of Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia) across elevational gradients in the eastern Qilian Mountains","authors":"Tian Chen , Yu Xia , Peiyao Tao , Jingyun Ma , Xiaohua Gou , Miaomiao Du , Fen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Investigating the growth synchrony of a tree species across spatiotemporal scales could enhances the understanding of species' climatic responses, which is particularly critical for addressing future ecological risks under climate change. However, studies on the growth synchrony of <em>Picea crassifolia</em> across elevation remain largely unclear in the Qilian Mountains. The tree cores of 592 <em>P. crassifolia</em> were collected from nine forest sites in the eastern Qilian Mountains to investigate the tree growth synchrony and its climatic drivers. The growth synchrony of <em>P. crassifolia</em> was the highest at 3100–3200 m during 1975–2005 but showed a significant decline with time. Although it was lower, the growth synchrony of <em>P. crassifolia</em> remained stable at 2712–2800 m and 2900–2960 m. At high elevations, current January precipitation, temperature in preceding August, and precipitation and temperature variability in preceding July explained 89 % of the changes in growth synchrony. At low elevations, variability of drought in October and the temperature during spring-summer accounted for 42 % of the synchrony changes. At middle elevations, only the variability of summer temperature and the drought in July explained 17 % of the synchrony changes. The high explanatory power of climatic factors for the synchrony changes at high and low elevations indicates that forest management strategies should pay increased attention to the ecological responses in these regions under changing climatic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50595,"journal":{"name":"Dendrochronologia","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 126405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DendrochronologiaPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126443
Min Zhou , Keyan Fang , Maowei Bai , Feifei Zhou , Yao Chen , Di Zhang , Wanru Tang , Zepeng Mei , Cesar Azorin-Molina
{"title":"Tree-ring indicators of near-surface wind speed in the Poyang Lake area of monsoonal China","authors":"Min Zhou , Keyan Fang , Maowei Bai , Feifei Zhou , Yao Chen , Di Zhang , Wanru Tang , Zepeng Mei , Cesar Azorin-Molina","doi":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Terrestrial near-surface wind speed (SWS) has experienced notable variations over recent decades, but associated driving factors remain controversial, particularly for monsoonal China. This is largely due to the shortness of instrumental SWS data, and long-term proxy-based reconstructions are thus highly required. Under constant stress from strong unidirectional winds, coniferous trees normally show asymmetric growth patterns via a shift of the geometric center. In this study, we found that variations of the tree-ring geometric center (TRGC) of <em>Pinus massoniana</em> were a good indicator of SWS changes from previous August to current May in the Poyang Lake area of southeastern China, where northerly winds are prevailing and strong before the arrival of the summer monsoon due to the effect of the narrow funnel topography. The TRGC records can explain 66.7 % of the instrumental SWS variance and have been used for a SWS reconstruction since 1949. This reconstruction revealed that the recent SWS decline in the 1970s, and then a reversal occurred in 2010. The reconstructed SWS exhibited a significant correlation with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) on the interdecadal scale. Furthermore, the AMO phase shifts may be important driving factors for the change of SWS in the Poyang Lake area. Our study demonstrates that the TRGC method can reconstruct wind speed in the topographically stabilized Poyang Lake area, thereby providing valuable insights into long-term SWS changes in monsoonal China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50595,"journal":{"name":"Dendrochronologia","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 126443"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DendrochronologiaPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126444
Omar Hernández-Vargas , Miguel Olvera-Vargas , Blanca Lorena Figueroa-Rangel , Ulises Rodríguez-Robles , Carlos Palomera-García , Ramón Cuevas-Guzmán
{"title":"Two decades of dendrochemical studies: Applications, methods, and results – A comprehensive systematic review","authors":"Omar Hernández-Vargas , Miguel Olvera-Vargas , Blanca Lorena Figueroa-Rangel , Ulises Rodríguez-Robles , Carlos Palomera-García , Ramón Cuevas-Guzmán","doi":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126444","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126444","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dendrochemical research has evolved alongside advancements in analytical techniques like ICP-MS and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, enabling high-resolution data collection on trace elements in tree rings. This interdisciplinary field integrates dendrochronology, environmental chemistry, and ecotoxicology, offering valuable insights into historical climate conditions, environmental contamination, and forest health. Key bibliometric analyses reveal that terms like \"dendrochemistry\" and \"trace elements\" are central to this research, with applications ranging from environmental monitoring to climate reconstructions. Research clusters indicate strong collaboration networks in North America and Europe, while Latin American countries like Brazil, Chile, and Argentina are forming regional clusters, reflecting a growing research presence. Dendrochemical studies primarily contribute to environmental sciences (35.4 %), to agricultural and biological sciences (22.1 %), and to earth sciences (14.8 %), highlighting their versatility in addressing environmental, ecological, and geoclimatic challenges. Advanced techniques like Itrax multiscanner and ICP-MS have become essential tools, enabling detailed analysis of tree-ring chemistry and improving our understanding of ecosystem dynamics. This systematic review demonstrates the critical role of dendrochemistry in advancing scientific knowledge and emphasizes the need for continued innovation and global collaboration to tackle complex environmental and climatic issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50595,"journal":{"name":"Dendrochronologia","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 126444"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Growth patterns and responses to climate variability of Subantarctic Pilgerodendron uviferum forests in the Aysén (∼47–48°S) and Magallanes (∼53°S) regions, southern Patagonia","authors":"Isabella Aguilera-Betti , Juan-Carlos Aravena , Ricardo Villalba , Catalina Fernández-García , Christian Bringas , Álvaro González-Reyes","doi":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The temperate forests of southern Chile are unique and complex ecosystems, threatened by climate change and anthropogenic activities. One of the long-lived and endemic species of these forests is the Guaitecas Cypress (<em>Pilgerodendron uviferum</em>), the southernmost conifer in the world, with a latitudinal distribution between 39 and 55°S, from temperate rainy to Subantarctic climates, being an ideal model for studying the response of tree species to climate in high latitudes. The objective of this study is to determine the growth patterns of <em>P. uviferum</em> forests in Chilean regions of Aysén (∼47–48°S) and Magallanes (∼53°S) using ring-width chronologies of four and six forests in Aysén and Magallanes, respectively. A Principal Component Analysis identified two dominant patterns: PC1 associated with Magallanes chronologies, and PC2 with Aysén chronologies. Using ERA5-Land data (1979–2020), both components showed positive correlations with precipitation and negative correlations with temperature. PC1 was positively related to soil water content, while PC2 negatively. Contrasting responses were found with large-scale forcings, where PC1 was negatively correlated with AAO and PDO, and positively correlated with SOI, while PC2 showed the opposite pattern. Spectral analyses reinforce these results, showing regional differences in the growth patterns of <em>P. uviferum</em>. This opposite relationship suggests that regional growth patterns of <em>P. uviferum</em> are influenced by large-scale modes of climate variability affecting southern South American climates. These results highlight the potential of <em>P. uviferum</em> chronologies to represent the large-scale climate variability of southern South America and to recover the low-frequency signal in climate reconstructions from this species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50595,"journal":{"name":"Dendrochronologia","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 126422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145220759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DendrochronologiaPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-09-20DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126420
Yonghong Zheng , Rob Wilson , Mingjun Wang , Emily Reid
{"title":"Tree-ring blue intensity and climate sensitivity: Exploring site and method-specific variations in southern Yukon, Canada","authors":"Yonghong Zheng , Rob Wilson , Mingjun Wang , Emily Reid","doi":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tree-ring blue intensity (BI), a substitute for tree-ring density, has gained increasing attention in recent years as a robust tree-ring proxy for climate reconstruction. However, it still presents considerable uncertainty due to its status as a relatively new tree-ring parameter with limitations related to sample discolouration issues and image resolution. This study aims to identify the climate information embedded in different tree-ring parameters measured from white spruce samples and examine whether the relationship between tree-ring parameters and climate is impacted by altitude, image resolution, and BI data collection method. By measuring ring width (RW), earlywood blue intensity (EWBI), latewood blue intensity (LWBI), and delta blue intensity (DBI) at higher (1065 m a.s.l.) and lower (965 m a.s.l.) sites in southern Yukon, we found that LWBI and DBI show a significantly stronger climate signal over RW, especially at high frequencies, aligning with previous climate studies. The upper site performed better than the lower site, agreeing with the expectation that the climate response will increase for sites closer to tree-line. While higher-resolution methods like the Advanced Tree-Ring Image Capturing System (ATRICS) did not outperform the scanner method, further testing is needed. Additionally, both the mean of sorted pixels (Pix) method and the mean of slices (Slc) method have their strength in DBI chronologies, but further testing is recommended to optimize data selection methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50595,"journal":{"name":"Dendrochronologia","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 126420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DendrochronologiaPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-11-24DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126447
Jesper Björklund
{"title":"Special issue on blue intensity: Methods and applications","authors":"Jesper Björklund","doi":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126447","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50595,"journal":{"name":"Dendrochronologia","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 126447"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DendrochronologiaPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-10-17DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126433
En-Bi Choi , Jun-Hui Park , Masaki Sano , Takeshi Nakatsuka , Jeong-Wook Seo
{"title":"Potential and applications of stable oxygen isotope chronologies for tree-ring dating in South Korea","authors":"En-Bi Choi , Jun-Hui Park , Masaki Sano , Takeshi Nakatsuka , Jeong-Wook Seo","doi":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we investigated the effects of the overlap period, geographical distance, and filtering on the success of crossdating using oxygen isotope (δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>TR</sub>) chronologies established in South Korea. We also examined the reliability of a long-term central Japanese δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>TR</sub> chronology to date Korean samples with the aim of exploring strategies to overcome the limitations of existing Korean tree-ring dating chronologies. Using δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>TR</sub> chronologies developed from living trees, we analyzed seven Korean regions and two historical wooden structures. We applied a 9-year rectangular filter to minimize autocorrelation, and we performed crossdating using 20-, 40-, 60-, and 80-year segments. Irrespective of the region, all crossdating intervals exceeding 80 years yielded a 100 % success rate among the seven Korean dating chronologies. Filtered chronologies showed high success in dating historical buildings, with filtering being particularly important when crossdating samples were separated by large geographical distances. Dating was successful when the central Japanese chronology was used with Korean chronologies from the southeastern and southern coastal regions. A minimum overlap of 190–200 years was required to achieve a 100 % success rate across all intervals. Reliable tree-ring dating based on δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>TR</sub> chronologies requires filtering to detect signals, to use Korean chronologies with a minimum overlap of 80 years, and to apply statistical criteria such as 1/p and isolation factor (IF). Notably, the first successful crossdating between Korean and central Japanese chronologies demonstrates its potential to extend the timeline of tree-ring dating in Korean studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50595,"journal":{"name":"Dendrochronologia","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 126433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145362138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DendrochronologiaPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-09-04DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126415
Yong Su , Wenzhi Wang , Xianliang Zhang , Zhehong Wu , Chaofeng Yuan , Lingzhuo Luo , Jiaxing Li , Yushuo Zhang
{"title":"Arid and tropical forests face highest drought vulnerability in the Northern Hemisphere","authors":"Yong Su , Wenzhi Wang , Xianliang Zhang , Zhehong Wu , Chaofeng Yuan , Lingzhuo Luo , Jiaxing Li , Yushuo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Warming-induced drought is altering forest structure and function, leading to significant declines in tree growth. However, it remains unclear which forests are most vulnerable to these stressors. Using long-term and large-scale tree-ring width and climate datasets from 1901 to 2015, we assessed drought-induced growth loss (GL), growth variability (CV), resistance (Rt) and recovery (Rc) across diverse climate regions. The results indicated that GL, CV, and Rc were significantly higher in arid regions compared to humid regions, while the opposite was true for Rt. GL, CV, and Rc exhibit a latitudinal gradient, increasing from high latitudes (80°N) to low latitudes (10°N), while they are decreasing along the aridity index (AI) gradient. Notably, GL is most pronounced in tropical and dryland, where significant growth declines showed in over 90 % of sites. Additionally, angiosperms show significantly higher GL, CV, and Rc than gymnosperms. These results highlight the need for targeted management strategies that consider the unique climatic and ecological conditions of each region to effectively mitigate tree growth loss in a warming climate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50595,"journal":{"name":"Dendrochronologia","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 126415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tree-ring-based reconstruction of aboveground biomass in Cryptomeria japonica forests in Eastern Himalaya: dynamics and management implications","authors":"Wagmare Balraju , Rupesh Dhyani , Rajesh Joshi , Mayank Shekhar , Parminder Singh Ranhotra , Amalava Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forests in the Eastern Himalaya play a key role in carbon sequestration; yet, limitations of long-term data constrain comprehensive assessments of aboveground biomass (AGB) and forest productivity over time. To address this gap, we used tree rings as proxy data to analyze the basal area increment (BAI) and AGB over the last four decades in three <em>Cryptomeria japonica</em> forest sites in the Fambonglho Wildlife Sanctuary, East Sikkim, India, using 90 tree core samples from 45 trees. Results showed common site-specific variability in BAI and AGB over time, with growth rates ranging from site-specific growth trends (BAI range 1–54 cm²). Stand-level AGB consistently increased from 15 to 19.80 t ha⁻¹ between 1990 and 2015 CE. Moderate seasonal correlations were observed between spring-seasons' (March-May) normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and AGB at two sites, suggesting a link between vegetation growth and biomass production. Additionally, a stronger and statistically significant correlation was observed at high-frequency temporal scales, indicating that fine-scale tree-ring derived AGB captures short-term fluctuations in biomass accumulation and photosynthetic activity. The findings highlight the value of integrating ground-based AGB estimates with remote sensing data to monitor forest productivity. This combined approach provides a practical and scalable framework for assessing site-specific forest performance and supports data-driven decision-making for carbon monitoring, climate change adaptation, and sustainable forest management in the Eastern Himalaya.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50595,"journal":{"name":"Dendrochronologia","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 126431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145362785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DendrochronologiaPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-08-26DOI: 10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126400
Yue Fan , Yujian Zhang , Siyu Liu , Chenhui Qu , Dongqing Han , Yanhong Liu
{"title":"Radial growth of Pinus tabuliformis is affected by climatic factors and site conditions on a regional scale: An integrative analysis based on tree-ring width data","authors":"Yue Fan , Yujian Zhang , Siyu Liu , Chenhui Qu , Dongqing Han , Yanhong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dendro.2025.126400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As rising temperatures and increasing drought pose serious risks to forest ecosystems, understanding the spatial patterns of tree growth–climate responses is crucial for predicting and mitigating the impacts of climate change. In this study, we employ an integrative analysis approach to establish a comprehensive database of 190 tree ring growth–climate relationships for <em>Pinus tabuliformis</em>. Findings indicate that increased precipitation during the previous summer and the current spring generally promotes tree growth, and higher temperatures from July to September of the previous year and May to July of the current year inhibit growth. Notably, <em>P. tabuliformis</em> populations in high-latitude or high-elevation regions are not exempt from the negative impacts of future warming. In addition, the growth–climate sensitivity of <em>P. tabuliformis</em> varies along temperature and precipitation gradients. As regional climates shift from warm and wet to cold and dry, the growth-limiting effect of the previous year’s summer precipitation and the current year’s growing-season precipitation intensifies, and the inhibitory impact of rising temperatures also increases. Importantly, the precipitation isohyet of 600 mm and the temperature isotherm of 10 °C seem to represent critical climatic thresholds for the radial growth response of <em>P. tabuliformis</em> to monthly climate changes. Our results suggest that, if current climate trends persist, the radial growth of <em>P. tabuliformis</em> in its western and northwestern distribution areas is expected to continue declining.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50595,"journal":{"name":"Dendrochronologia","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 126400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}