Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice最新文献

{"title":"Infectious Complications From Body Piercings—A Narrative Review","authors":"Christopher J. Peterson, Benjamin Lee, Mark Lacy","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001366","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Body piercings are common methods of self-expression and cultural identity and have existed for millennia. However, breaching the dermis and insertion of a foreign object entails risk, including infectious complications. Although serious complications are typically rare, especially in environments where proper piercing techniques and sanitation are practiced, the general public and healthcare professionals may be unaware of the risk for these complications. Serious complications may include tissue necrosis, endocarditis, and brain abscesses. Selection of a proper piercing locale and professional, and the use of personal hygiene practices and piercing site care can go a long way toward preventing infections. Avoidance of especially risky piercing sites or techniques may also be advisable.","PeriodicalId":505905,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":"58 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140655783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Woman With Persistent Oral Ulcers","authors":"Julia Fischer, Jasmine Mutti, Sumi Piya, Kritika Gunachelvan, Esteban DelPilar-Morales","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001368","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505905,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":"19 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140658293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Atypical Presentation of Pulmonary Mucormycosis","authors":"K. Divyashree, Harpreet Singh, Vikas Suri, Ashish Bhalla, M. Valliapan, Aman Sharma, Harkant Singh, Sreedhar B. Chaluvashetty, Amanjit Bal","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001370","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Mucormycosis is a life-threatening invasive fungal infection caused by fungi belonging to mucorales order. Manifestations vary from localized disease to disseminated infection. Various types of mucormycosis are rhino-orbito-cerebral, pulmonary, cutaneous, gastrointestinal, renal, and disseminated. Pulmonary form is more common in patients with solid organ transplant and post hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Multimodality treatment is used in the form of aggressive antifungals, surgery where possible, and control of underlying disease/factors. Here, we present an unusual presentation of pulmonary mucormycosis successfully managed with liposomal amphotericin B and surgical lobectomy.","PeriodicalId":505905,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":"40 39","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140657134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision Medicine for COVID-19 Based on the Inflammatory Response","authors":"A. D. Kothalkar, Dipali Jambhale, Vinayak Hingane, Satish Gore, Sudeep Deshpande","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001371","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The threat due to the global pandemic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) demands a search for effective treatments to combat the severity of the infections and their associated morbidity and mortality in vulnerable populations. One of the medications with putative antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects is fluvoxamine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and σ-1 receptor agonist. A few studies have reported doses of 100–300 mg/day to be effective.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This retrospective study evaluates the outcomes of an individually tailored dosing strategy for fluvoxamine, based on measurements of inflammatory status, in treating COVID-19-positive individuals in India.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This study included patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection visiting the outpatient department of a super speciality hospital in India from February to July 2021. Fluvoxamine was initiated at 50 mg or 100 mg twice daily based on their individual C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer status. By day five, patients with rising or static levels of CRP and D-dimer were up-titrated.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 In a population of 104 individuals infected with COVID-19, 10 required up-titration of dose, and 94 patients did not need up-titration. Overall, there was very low mortality (N = 1) and hospitalization rate (8.7%). Those individuals who required an up-titration on day five had significantly elevated CRP and D-dimer levels compared to those who were maintained at the initial dose of 50 mg twice daily. In such patients, up-titration of the dose on day 5 appeared to offer better treatment benefits and outcomes. In our study population, there was only one mortality during the course of COVID-19.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Given the individual variability in the host immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, tailoring the dose of a drug such as fluvoxamine based on the inflammatory status of the individual may be beneficial. Individually tailored dosing could combat disease progression while reducing side effects.\u0000","PeriodicalId":505905,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serpiginous Skin Lesions Under Baricitinib Therapy","authors":"E. Bularca, Sara Martínez Cisneros, P. Villagrasa-Boli, Andrea Montes-Torres, Francesc Felipo-Berlanga","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001356","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505905,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Elderly Veteran With New Urinary Incontinence and Pelvic Pain","authors":"David Ziya-Karal Kenison, G. Psevdos","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001364","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505905,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":" 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematuria Due to Possible Histoplasma-Associated Urinary Bladder Pseudotumor With Negative Serologic and Urine Antigen Testing","authors":"Abhimanyu Aggarwal, Corey Mills, Kyle Frankenberger, Adam Greenstein, Benjamin Nelson, Fadi Hatem, Deborah E. Blue, L. J. Wheat, Alexandra Yamshchikov","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001369","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Histoplasma capsulatum is a ubiquitous dimorphic fungus causing multiple infectious syndromes, ranging from subclinical to severe disseminated disease. We present an unusual case of hematuria due to pedunculated urinary bladder mass in an immunocompetent host. Although the gold standard for diagnosis of histoplasmosis is through demonstration of characteristic yeast forms on histopathologic examination of infected tissue, or observation of typical mycelial growth in culture of clinical specimens, investigational multiplex polymerase chain reaction of formalinized tissue was helpful in this case due to conflicting serologic testing, equivocal morphologic findings on histopathologic examination and, surprisingly, a negative urine Histoplasma antigen despite anatomically proximal location within the urinary bladder. Although antigen immunoassay and serology are commonly used proxy diagnostics in Histoplasma-associated disease, varying performance characteristics in certain disease states, such as cases of locally proliferative infection mimicking neoplastic growth similar to this report, may lead to elusive diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":505905,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140692798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fosfomycin Susceptibility Among Multidrug-Resistant Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase and Metallo-β-Lactamase–Producing Uropathogens in a Tertiary Care Hospital","authors":"Aditi Kothari, Parul Chaturvedi, Upasana Bhumbla","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001348","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Urinary tract infections (UTIs) affect an estimated 150 million people each year worldwide involving women more than men. Because of unrestricted use of antimicrobials and accelerating antimicrobial resistance, therapeutic options for treatment of UTIs are becoming limited. Fosfomycin, a broad-spectrum, rapidly absorbable, antimicrobial agent with good bioavailability and substantial activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates has antimicrobial activity against a substantial percentage of these MDR isolates.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A cross-sectional study over a period of 20 months on urine samples of all patients of all age groups clinically suspected of UTI was conducted in a tertiary care center of southern Rajasthan. Samples were processed immediately as per standard microbiological techniques, followed by culture by a semiquantitative method and antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. All gram-negative pathogens were screened for extended-spectrum β-lactamase and further metallo-β-lactamase production using standard disk diffusion tests.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Of the 1858 positive samples isolated, the most common uropathogen was Escherichia coli (59.96%), with 8.97% confirmed extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing isolates. Fosfomycin had susceptibility of 96.69%, with its sensitivity and specificity being 98.15% and 6.98% more than nitrofurantoin, respectively. Among the metallo-β-lactamase producers, fosfomycin had susceptibility of 78.58%, with sensitivity and specificity being 91.67% and 25% more than nitrofurantoin, respectively.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 With an increasing threat due to MDR uropathogens in both hospitals and in the community, fosfomycin, with its unique mechanism of action, appears to be a better oral, effective, and safe therapeutic option and a viable potential alternative over other drugs for treatment of UTIs.\u0000","PeriodicalId":505905,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superinfections in COVID-19","authors":"Arunava Saha, Michelle Siew, Sirshendu Chaudhuri, Varun Agiwal, George M. Abraham","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001362","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Bacterial superinfection rates in SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) range from 8% to 49.6%, but the diagnosis remains a challenge. We conducted a study to determine the utility of the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) to predict the risk of superinfections and outcomes in COVID-19 patients.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on COVID-19 positive patients admitted during 2020–2022. The PSI scores were calculated at admission and at every 72-hour intervals. Data regarding clinical course, antibiotic use and overall outcome were collected.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A total of 149 patients were included, with a mean age of 67 years. The PSI score at admission and the mean PSI score were higher for those who required antibiotics, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, or succumbed. Patients with a PSI score >107 at admission had a high risk of ICU admission, >113 had a high risk of antibiotic requirements, and >110 had a higher risk of death. An increase in PSI score ≥25 between the day of admission and day 3 of hospitalization; or between day 3 and day 6 of hospitalization, predicted a higher chance of mortality; but had no association with the development of superinfections.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The PSI score at admission can be used to predict the severity of disease requiring ICU admission, antibiotic requirement, and overall mortality, with serial monitoring of the score predicting possible clinical deterioration and increased mortality. However, it was not helpful in predicting the chances of developing superinfections and the need for antibiotic therapy.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The PSI score can be used to prognosticate the outcome in patients admitted with COVID-19, but further studies are needed to determine its utility in predicting the risk of superinfections.\u0000","PeriodicalId":505905,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":"24 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Unusual Case of Back Pain","authors":"Colleen Marie Burgoyne, Damien Dawson, Ted Louie","doi":"10.1097/ipc.0000000000001353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000001353","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505905,"journal":{"name":"Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice","volume":"30 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}