Earthquake Spectra最新文献_第3页

An equivalent point-source stochastic model of the NGA-East ground-motion models NGA-East 地动模型的等效点源随机模型

Earthquake Spectra Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1177/87552930231225983

S. Pezeshk, Christie Assadollahi, A. Zandieh

{"title":"An equivalent point-source stochastic model of the NGA-East ground-motion models","authors":"S. Pezeshk, Christie Assadollahi, A. Zandieh","doi":"10.1177/87552930231225983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/87552930231225983","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study is to estimate seismological parameters in Central and Eastern North America (CENA), including the geometrical spreading, anelastic attenuation, stress parameter, and site attenuation parameters. In this study, we use particle swarm optimization (PSO) to invert a weighted average of the median 5%-damped pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) predicted from the Next Generation Attenuation-East (NGA-East) ground-motion models (GMMs) to develop a point-source stochastic GMM with a well-constrained set of ground-motion parameters. Magnitude-specific inversions are performed for moment magnitude ranges M = 4.0–8.0, rupture distances Rrup = 1–1000 km, and periods T = 0.01–10 s, and National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program site class A conditions. The result of this study yields a single stochastic GMM that yields PSA values similar to the median NGA-East GMMs. The parameters derived from this study can be used for the hybrid empirical method (HEM) applications. This study is the first to perform a formal inversion using the GMMs developed for the NGA-East project. The approach has been validated using simulated small-to-moderate magnitude and large-magnitude data derived from the NGA-West2 GMMs.","PeriodicalId":505879,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Spectra","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139791635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Discussion of “ASCE/SEI 41 assessment of reinforced concrete buildings: Benchmarking nonlinear dynamic procedures with empirical damage observations” 讨论 "ASCE/SEI 41 钢筋混凝土建筑评估：以经验性破坏观测结果为基准的非线性动态程序"

Earthquake Spectra Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1177/87552930241228554

Bruce Maison, Shih-Ho Chao

引用次数: 0

An equivalent point-source stochastic model of the NGA-East ground-motion models NGA-East 地动模型的等效点源随机模型

Earthquake Spectra Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1177/87552930231225983

S. Pezeshk, Christie Assadollahi, A. Zandieh

{"title":"An equivalent point-source stochastic model of the NGA-East ground-motion models","authors":"S. Pezeshk, Christie Assadollahi, A. Zandieh","doi":"10.1177/87552930231225983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/87552930231225983","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study is to estimate seismological parameters in Central and Eastern North America (CENA), including the geometrical spreading, anelastic attenuation, stress parameter, and site attenuation parameters. In this study, we use particle swarm optimization (PSO) to invert a weighted average of the median 5%-damped pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) predicted from the Next Generation Attenuation-East (NGA-East) ground-motion models (GMMs) to develop a point-source stochastic GMM with a well-constrained set of ground-motion parameters. Magnitude-specific inversions are performed for moment magnitude ranges M = 4.0–8.0, rupture distances Rrup = 1–1000 km, and periods T = 0.01–10 s, and National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program site class A conditions. The result of this study yields a single stochastic GMM that yields PSA values similar to the median NGA-East GMMs. The parameters derived from this study can be used for the hybrid empirical method (HEM) applications. This study is the first to perform a formal inversion using the GMMs developed for the NGA-East project. The approach has been validated using simulated small-to-moderate magnitude and large-magnitude data derived from the NGA-West2 GMMs.","PeriodicalId":505879,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Spectra","volume":"10 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139851510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A building imagery database for the calibration of machine learning algorithms 用于校准机器学习算法的建筑图像数据库

Earthquake Spectra Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1177/87552930241229103

Vitor Silva, Romain Sousa, Feliz Ribeiro Gouveia, Jorge Lopes, Maria Guerreiro

引用次数: 0

A building imagery database for the calibration of machine learning algorithms 用于校准机器学习算法的建筑图像数据库

Earthquake Spectra Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1177/87552930241229103

Vitor Silva, Romain Sousa, Feliz Ribeiro Gouveia, Jorge Lopes, Maria Guerreiro

引用次数: 0

Displacement and damage analysis of earth dams during the 2023 Turkiye earthquake sequence 2023 年土尔其地震序列中土坝的位移和破坏分析

Earthquake Spectra Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/87552930231223749

Ali Lashgari, R. Moss

{"title":"Displacement and damage analysis of earth dams during the 2023 Turkiye earthquake sequence","authors":"Ali Lashgari, R. Moss","doi":"10.1177/87552930231223749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/87552930231223749","url":null,"abstract":"The earthquake sequence that occurred on 6 February 2023 in Turkiye caused significant damage to various infrastructures including geostructures such as dams. A total of 17 earth dams within a 200-km radius of the earthquake epicenter experienced varying degrees of damage, ranging from minor (∼2 cm) to major (up to ∼150 cm) deformations. As study of these reveals that the damaged dams are located within the closest distance to the fault of less than 30 km, with an average value of ∼12 km. This study specifically focuses on the seismic displacement analysis of the 17 damaged dams, utilizing the sliding block methods. The recorded motion data was analyzed using the kriging technique to estimate the spectral response at the dam sites. Moreover, the recorded ground motions were scaled to the resonant period of the dam site to estimate acceleration time history. The findings reveal that the rigid block analysis can provide an average estimation of seismic displacement with a relative error of less than 44%. The results of the damage analysis indicate that seven dams reached the ultimate limit state and two dams experienced the serviceability limit state. Moreover, the univariate and multivariate fragility functions are developed to estimate seismic probabilistic analysis of earth dams based on the observed data and the limit states. The results show that the selection of a single intensity measure (IM) and a combination of IMs can affect the predicted probability of failure. The findings provide an insight into the resilience assessment of dams and other geosystems during this strong earthquake.","PeriodicalId":505879,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Spectra","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139889721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Displacement and damage analysis of earth dams during the 2023 Turkiye earthquake sequence 2023 年土尔其地震序列中土坝的位移和破坏分析

Earthquake Spectra Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/87552930231223749

Ali Lashgari, R. Moss

{"title":"Displacement and damage analysis of earth dams during the 2023 Turkiye earthquake sequence","authors":"Ali Lashgari, R. Moss","doi":"10.1177/87552930231223749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/87552930231223749","url":null,"abstract":"The earthquake sequence that occurred on 6 February 2023 in Turkiye caused significant damage to various infrastructures including geostructures such as dams. A total of 17 earth dams within a 200-km radius of the earthquake epicenter experienced varying degrees of damage, ranging from minor (∼2 cm) to major (up to ∼150 cm) deformations. As study of these reveals that the damaged dams are located within the closest distance to the fault of less than 30 km, with an average value of ∼12 km. This study specifically focuses on the seismic displacement analysis of the 17 damaged dams, utilizing the sliding block methods. The recorded motion data was analyzed using the kriging technique to estimate the spectral response at the dam sites. Moreover, the recorded ground motions were scaled to the resonant period of the dam site to estimate acceleration time history. The findings reveal that the rigid block analysis can provide an average estimation of seismic displacement with a relative error of less than 44%. The results of the damage analysis indicate that seven dams reached the ultimate limit state and two dams experienced the serviceability limit state. Moreover, the univariate and multivariate fragility functions are developed to estimate seismic probabilistic analysis of earth dams based on the observed data and the limit states. The results show that the selection of a single intensity measure (IM) and a combination of IMs can affect the predicted probability of failure. The findings provide an insight into the resilience assessment of dams and other geosystems during this strong earthquake.","PeriodicalId":505879,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Spectra","volume":"41 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139830057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modeling post-disaster recovery: Accounting for rental and multi-family housing 灾后恢复建模：出租房和多户住宅的核算

Earthquake Spectra Pub Date : 2024-01-08 DOI: 10.1177/87552930231222769

Emily Mongold, R. Costa, Ádám Zsarnóczay, J. Baker

{"title":"Modeling post-disaster recovery: Accounting for rental and multi-family housing","authors":"Emily Mongold, R. Costa, Ádám Zsarnóczay, J. Baker","doi":"10.1177/87552930231222769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/87552930231222769","url":null,"abstract":"Post-disaster housing recovery models increase our understanding of recovery dynamics, vulnerable populations, and how people are affected by the direct losses that disasters create. Past recovery models have focused on single-family owner-occupied housing, while empirical evidence shows that rental units and multi-family housing are disadvantaged in post-disaster recovery. To fill this gap, this article presents an agent-based housing recovery model that includes the four common type–tenure combinations of single- and multi-family owner- and renter-occupied housing. The proposed model accounts for the different recovery processes, emphasizing funding sources available to each type–tenure. The outputs of our model include the timing of financing and recovery at building resolution across a community. We demonstrate the model with a case study of Alameda, California, recovering from a simulated M7.0 earthquake on the Hayward fault. The processes in the model replicate higher non-recovery of multi-family housing than single-family housing, as observed in past disasters, and a heavy reliance of single-family renter-occupied units on Small Business Administration funding, which is expected due to low earthquake insurance penetration. The simulation results indicate that multi-family housing would have the highest portion of unmet need remaining; however, some buildings with unmet needs are anticipated to be able to obtain a large portion of their funding. The remaining portion may be filled using personal financing or may be overcome with downsizing or downgrades. Multi-family housing would also benefit the most from Community Development Block Grants for Disaster Recovery (CDBG-DR). This benefit is a result of modeling the financing sources, that CDBG-DR is available, and that many multi-family buildings do not qualify for other sources. Communities’ allocation of public funding is important for housing recovery. Our model can help inform and compare potential financing policies to allocate public funds.","PeriodicalId":505879,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Spectra","volume":"5 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139445394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A cone penetration test database for multiple thin-layer correction procedure development 用于开发多薄层校正程序的锥入试验数据库

Earthquake Spectra Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.1177/87552930231217002

Kaleigh M. Yost, A. Yerro, Eileen R Martin, Russell A Green

{"title":"A cone penetration test database for multiple thin-layer correction procedure development","authors":"Kaleigh M. Yost, A. Yerro, Eileen R Martin, Russell A Green","doi":"10.1177/87552930231217002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/87552930231217002","url":null,"abstract":"Cone penetration tests (CPTs) are a commonly used in situ method to characterize soil. The recorded data are used for various applications, including earthquake-induced liquefaction evaluation. However, data recorded at a given depth in a CPT sounding are influenced by the properties of all the soil that falls within the zone of influence around the cone tip rather than only the soil at that particular depth. This causes data to be blurred or averaged in layered zones, a phenomenon referred to as multiple thin-layer effects. Multiple thin-layer effects can result in the inaccurate characterization of the thickness and stiffness of thin, interbedded layers. Correction procedures have been proposed to adjust CPT tip resistance for multiple thin-layer effects, but many procedures become less effective as layer thickness decreases. To compare or improve these procedures and to develop new ones, it is critical to have pairs of measured tip resistance ( q m) and true tip resistance ( q t) data, where q m is the tip resistance recorded by the CPT in a layered profile, and q t represents the tip resistance that would be measured in the profile absent of multiple thin-layer effects. Unfortunately, data sets containing q m and q t pairs are extremely rare. Accordingly, this article presents a unique database containing laboratory and numerically generated CPT data from 49 highly interlayered soil profiles. Both q m and q t are provided for each profile. An accompanying Jupyter notebook is provided to facilitate the use of the data and prepare them for future statistical learning (or other) applications to support multiple thin-layer correction procedure development.","PeriodicalId":505879,"journal":{"name":"Earthquake Spectra","volume":"37 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139386375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulated site amplification for Central and Eastern North America: Data set development and amplification models 北美洲中部和东部的模拟站点放大：数据集开发和放大模型

Earthquake Spectra Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.1177/87552930231215723

Okan Ilhan, Youssef M. Hashash, J. Stewart, E. Rathje, Sissy Nikolaou, Ken Campbell

引用次数: 0