Disaster Advances最新文献_第4页

Urban household adaption to natural hazards in Hangzhou City, China 杭州市城市家庭对自然灾害的适应

Disaster Advances Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.25303/1610da049062

Qian Liu, Ting Xu, Shanzhong Qi

引用次数: 0

Bioshields as a viable solution for managing ecosystem-related disasters, offering a long-term solution to the frequent issue of sea erosion 生物盾是管理生态系统相关灾害的可行解决方案，为频繁出现的海洋侵蚀问题提供了长期解决方案

Disaster Advances Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.25303/1610da063066

S. Narasimhan

引用次数: 0

Integrated Use of Remote Sensing and GIS in estimating Soil Erosion in the Tukvar Tea Plantation Area, Darjeeling, India by RUSLE Modelling 基于RUSLE模型的印度大吉岭图克瓦茶园土壤侵蚀遥感与GIS综合估算

Disaster Advances Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.25303/1610da011016

Manorama Thapa, Pribat Rai

{"title":"Integrated Use of Remote Sensing and GIS in estimating Soil Erosion in the Tukvar Tea Plantation Area, Darjeeling, India by RUSLE Modelling","authors":"Manorama Thapa, Pribat Rai","doi":"10.25303/1610da011016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1610da011016","url":null,"abstract":"Soil erosion is one of the major threats to food security and agricultural sustainability worldwide. Numerous factors including relief, slope, land use, land cover, rainfall pattern, soil texture, conservation techniques and anthropogenic factors, combine to cause soil erosion. The enormity and spatial distribution of soil erosion should be known for effectively assessing and mapping erosion-prone areas. In the hill region, soil loss is a significant component in decreasing stability and persistent loss causes landslides. So in order to study this, various soil erosion models have come up amongst which RUSLE has been adopted by many researchers. The goal of the current study is to forecast the projected soil loss in Tukvar tea plantations of the Darjeeling district. This study will provide an estimate of the amount and rate of erosion in the Darjeeling district's Tukvar tea plantations. This study revealed that the leading factors to soil erosion are slope factors and rainfall erosivity. The geo-coded reference of the geographic extent of soil erosion-prone areas will be useful for micro-level planning and will serve as a useful tool for managing and conserving soil.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Statistical Analysis of Seismicity in the Horn of Africa 非洲之角地震活动性的统计分析

Disaster Advances Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.25303/1610da017023

Letamo Alemayehu, B. Kavitha, T.P. Tezeswi

{"title":"Statistical Analysis of Seismicity in the Horn of Africa","authors":"Letamo Alemayehu, B. Kavitha, T.P. Tezeswi","doi":"10.25303/1610da017023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1610da017023","url":null,"abstract":"The Horn of Africa is considered as one of the seismically active regions on the African continent because of the Main Ethiopian rift system, one of the most active rift systems within the East African rift system. Therefore, it is essential to continuously analyze the seismicity to assess seismic hazards in a region of interest. To this end, seismicity information for the Horn of Africa was collected from ISC catalogues from the year 1973 to 2022 in the latitude range of 0N - 20N and the longitude range of 30E -52E from the surface to 700km below the surface. Then, as a measure of the seismicity in the Horn, Gutenberg's parameters and the spatial variation of the seismic moment were examined. According to the findings, the North Main Ethiopian Rift (NMER) is under more stress than the Central Main Ethiopian Rift (CMER) regarding seismic moment release. The Richter and Guttenberg's constants of a=6.85, b=0.88 and Mc=4.5 were obtained across the whole Horn of Africa, whereas the corresponding values for NMER, CMER and SMER were a=5.6, b=0.78, Mc=4.5; a=5.9, b=0.87, Mc=4.5; and a=6.9, b=1.03, Mc=5.0 respectively. Overall, the distribution of focal depths and magnitude showed that the distribution of seismicity in the Horn of Africa is shallow with an average focal depth of around 11 km.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modelling the Spatial Distribution and Future Trends of Seawater Intrusion due to Aquaculture Activities in Coastal Aquifers of Nizampatnam, Andhra Pradesh 安得拉邦尼扎姆帕特南沿海含水层水产养殖活动导致海水入侵的空间分布和未来趋势模拟

Disaster Advances Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.25303/1610da01010

Gopaiah Manne, Iswar Chandra Das, Vazeer Mahammood

{"title":"Modelling the Spatial Distribution and Future Trends of Seawater Intrusion due to Aquaculture Activities in Coastal Aquifers of Nizampatnam, Andhra Pradesh","authors":"Gopaiah Manne, Iswar Chandra Das, Vazeer Mahammood","doi":"10.25303/1610da01010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1610da01010","url":null,"abstract":"Coastal aquifers suffer from saltwater intrusion due to several natural and anthropogenic activities and they pose a severe problem in many coastal regions of India. Anthropogenic activities like saltwater aquaculture activities and salt pans are one of the major causes for saltwater intrusion into freshwater aquifers in coastal regions. Along with these activities, over-exploitation of fresh groundwater for domestic and agriculture purpose also leads to infiltration of saltwater into shallow freshwater aquifers. To address this effect, it is necessary to understand the spatial distribution and extent of the saltwater intrusion in coastal areas. In the present study, SEAWAT model is used to delineate the saltwater intrusion effect and predict the extent of saltwater intrusion resulting from anthropogenic activities in the Nizampatnam coastal area, Andhra Pradesh. The simulation was carried out for the period 2016 to 2018 revealing a change in the extent of the saltwater intrusion up to 2 km into the inland areas from the coast as well as in the vicinity of fishponds. Based on the hydrological conditions observed during the study period and leveraging the calibrated model, saltwater intrusion prediction was carried out for the next two decades. The results show that anthropogenic activities will lead to saltwater intrusion into freshwater aquifers up to 6 km into inland areas from coast at a rate of 200 m/year. Therefore, the sustainable management plans are essential for protecting the freshwater aquifers from the saltwater intrusion in the Nizampatnam coastal area.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Causes and Consequences of Environmental Degradation in Mizoram, Northeast India 印度东北部米佐拉姆邦环境退化的原因和后果

Disaster Advances Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.25303/1610da041048

Vanlaltanpuia ., Ch. Udaya Bhaskara Rao, Vangchhia Lalrinpuia

{"title":"Causes and Consequences of Environmental Degradation in Mizoram, Northeast India","authors":"Vanlaltanpuia ., Ch. Udaya Bhaskara Rao, Vangchhia Lalrinpuia","doi":"10.25303/1610da041048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1610da041048","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of environmental degradation due to deterioration of natural resources has become an important issue and is one of the burning problems in the 21st century in northeast India, especially in Mizoram. It is clear that deforestation, ground water depletion, soil erosion, decline in rainfall, river water pollution and volume decreases in dry season are the major threats to environmental degradation in this fragile terrain. Anthropogenic activities by land use changes due to settlement expansion, over exploitation of land and forest resources for intensive agriculture appear to be the major causes for the fast depletion of resources. Therefore, it is necessary to protect natural resources in order to mitigate multi-dimensional environmental degradation. This study is an attempt to analyze the causes and consequences of environmental degradation in this area based on the resources of land, water and forest. Implementation of appropriate measures like judicious use of natural resources, utilizing education to minimize economic backwardness and inclusion of community participation helps to mitigate environmental deterioration to great extent.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135486174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of inundation risk at Bhavani River (stretch from Sathyamangalam to Velliyampalayam) using HEC-RAS 利用HEC-RAS评估Bhavani河(从Sathyamangalam延伸到Velliyampalayam)的淹没风险

Disaster Advances Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.25303/1610da024029

S. Suriya, Y. Rekha, P. Vincent, Kumar M. Madhan, V. Priya

引用次数: 0

Assessment of Seismic Vulnerability of School Buildings: A case study in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia 学校建筑地震易损性评估:以印尼西爪哇万隆为例

Disaster Advances Pub Date : 2023-08-15 DOI: 10.25303/1609da049059

Roi Milyardi, Asriwiyanti Desiani, Hendry Wong, Deni Setiawan, Ginardy Husada

{"title":"Assessment of Seismic Vulnerability of School Buildings: A case study in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia","authors":"Roi Milyardi, Asriwiyanti Desiani, Hendry Wong, Deni Setiawan, Ginardy Husada","doi":"10.25303/1609da049059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1609da049059","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia is an earthquake-prone country. In many earthquakes, school buildings suffer the most damage than other public facilities. In 2020, the conditions of around 70% of 218,234 school classrooms in Indonesia were deteriorating. This contributed to a significant earthquake vulnerability. Limited funding for rehabilitation and renovation became an obstacle to reduce the vulnerability. This study proposed that Rapid Visual Screening (RVS), which is a simple method and has a wide coverage, could be a solution to prioritize building rehabilitation. Bandung, the capital city of the most populated province in Indonesia, has complex earthquake hazard risks, which made it a suitable study area for implementing RVS. This study conducted a seismic vulnerability assessment of school buildings in the city of Bandung, Indonesia. The methodology used is based on Indonesia National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB)’s Regulation No. 4 of 2012 on Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) procedure compared to FEMA 154 RVS procedure with local hazard data and building data. RVS was conducted in total 334 elementary school buildings in 30 districts. The result of the BNPB’s RVS procedure showed an average RVS score (S) of 4.455 where 36.53% buildings were in safe condition and 63.47% buildings required further assessment of the conditions from construction experts. The result of the FEMA 154 RVS procedure showed an average RVS score (S) of 0.905 where 22.16% of the buildings were in high probability of grade 4 damage and 77.84% of the buildings were in high probability of grade 3 damage.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"206 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135163245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Prevention Efforts of the Adverse Impact of Abrasion and Tidal Flooding and Effects on the Economic and Social Resilience 水土流失和潮汐洪水对经济社会恢复力的影响

Disaster Advances Pub Date : 2023-08-15 DOI: 10.25303/1609da0107

Anwar Kurniadi, Syamsul Maarif

{"title":"The Prevention Efforts of the Adverse Impact of Abrasion and Tidal Flooding and Effects on the Economic and Social Resilience","authors":"Anwar Kurniadi, Syamsul Maarif","doi":"10.25303/1609da0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1609da0107","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of coastal abrasion and tidal flooding will disrupt public security and community welfare, especially economic and social resilience. There must be efforts to prevent adverse impacts so that there is no decrease in economic and social resilience. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive design. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the efforts of preventing the adverse impact of coastal abrasion and tidal flooding on economic and social resilience on the coast of Bekasi, West Java. The research was conducted from April 2022 to December 2022 with 15 informants. The results of the study were: a) the efforts of preventing the adverse impact were engaging the community, comprehensive vegetation mitigation training, changing the procedure for planting mangrove forests, developing fruit yields and developing a mangrove program as a prospective project; b) the effects on the economic resilience of community are still able to meet their daily needs even though they experienced a decrease in daily income. The community is still implementing social interaction and cooperation well and also they still help each other and do not want to move to other locations. The community still has a high level to maintain economic and social resilience.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135163044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Parametric Study on Stone Column for improving Seismic Response of Foundation 提高地基地震反应的石柱参数化研究

Disaster Advances Pub Date : 2023-08-15 DOI: 10.25303/1609da031037

Mandeep Kumar, Pradeep Muley, N.M. Syed, Rakesh Kumar

{"title":"Parametric Study on Stone Column for improving Seismic Response of Foundation","authors":"Mandeep Kumar, Pradeep Muley, N.M. Syed, Rakesh Kumar","doi":"10.25303/1609da031037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1609da031037","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, due to higher rate of construction activities, useful and effective lands are harder to find for construction purposes. So, the lands which are problematic are now used for construction purposes. The techniques used for improving these problematic lands are called ground improvement techniques. Among all the ground improvement techniques, stone columns are most effective and economical to improve the shear strength and bearing capacity of soil and thus, to reduce the settlement phenomenon. The main objective of the present study is to determine the total displacement of the soil foundation. For this purpose, parametric analysis was carried out to study the effect of two parameters namely stone column diameter and stone column spacing on the total displacement values. Finite element analysis was used to evaluate the displacement of soil strata reinforced with stone column using PlAXIS-2D software. The analysis was carried out for static load applied from top and Bhuj earthquake prescribed as dynamic loading. From present study, it was found that by decreasing the column spacing at a constant diameter of 1m, the maximum total displacement reduction was 36.73% and by increasing the column diameter at constant column spacing of 2m, the maximum total displacement reduction was 39.75%. Thus, it was concluded that by decreasing the column spacing at constant diameter and by increasing the column diameter at constant spacing respectively, there is a tremendous decrease in total displacement of the soil foundation which increases the load bearing capacity of the soils.","PeriodicalId":50576,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Advances","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135163041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0