Fishes Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9040139

A. F. Lima, Anderson Guilherme Pereira dos Reis, V. E. Costa, W. Valenti

{"title":"Natural Food Intake and Its Contribution to Tambaqui Growth in Fertilized and Unfertilized Ponds","authors":"A. F. Lima, Anderson Guilherme Pereira dos Reis, V. E. Costa, W. Valenti","doi":"10.3390/fishes9040139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9040139","url":null,"abstract":"Natural food available in ponds can complement formulated feed in fed aquaculture. This study elucidated the natural food intake and its contribution to tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) growth in fertilized and unfertilized ponds, using stable isotope and stomach contents analyses. Additionally, it described the impact of fertilization management on natural food availability, fish performance, and production costs. Tambaqui juveniles (93.8 ± 15.0 g) were stocked (0.55 fish/m2) in fertilized (Fert) and unfertilized (NoFert) ponds (600 m2) for a culture period of 10 months in quadruplicate. A lower food conversion ratio was observed in Fert ponds. The main natural food items ingested by tambaqui were insects, vegetables, and cladocerans. Plankton contributed 39.4% and 10.7% of muscle formation in Fert and NoFert ponds, respectively. Pond fertilization (2.45 g of nitrogen and 0.80 g of phosphorus per square meter every two weeks) did not significantly affect fish growth, survival, or productivity but had a slightly influence on water quality parameters. However, fertilization increased the zooplankton density (through phytoplankton) in the water, thereby increasing autochthonous food availability for tambaqui consumption. This species demonstrates the ability to alternate between natural food sources and commercial feed without compromising its development. Consequently, tambaqui exhibits suitability for farming within restorative and integrated aquaculture systems as well as intensive systems reliant on commercial feed.","PeriodicalId":505604,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"105 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140695360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-Scale Coral Reef and Seascape Habitat Variables Combine to Influence Reef Fish Assemblages 多尺度珊瑚礁和海景生境变量共同影响珊瑚礁鱼类组合

Fishes Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9040137

K. T. Sievers, Eva C. McClure, R. Abesamis, G. Russ

{"title":"Multi-Scale Coral Reef and Seascape Habitat Variables Combine to Influence Reef Fish Assemblages","authors":"K. T. Sievers, Eva C. McClure, R. Abesamis, G. Russ","doi":"10.3390/fishes9040137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9040137","url":null,"abstract":"While benthic characteristics of coral reef habitats are a major driver of the structure of coral reef fish assemblages, non-reef habitats adjacent to coral reefs (e.g., mangroves, seagrass beds, and macroalgal beds) can affect reef fish assemblages. Here, we investigate how reef fish assemblages respond to local-scale benthic habitats within a coral reef and larger-scale adjacent seascape features (habitats within 500 m of coral reefs) on Siquijor Island in the Philippines. We examined an abundance of species for the entire reef fish assemblage and within the assemblages of parrotfishes (subfamily Scarinae) and wrasses (family Labridae). Five distinct habitat types were identified in a cluster analysis, which incorporated benthic characteristics within coral reefs and habitats adjacent to coral reefs. We found that the diversity and structure of coral reef fish assemblages were affected by benthic characteristics within coral reefs and also by benthic habitat types adjacent to coral reefs. Individual species responses and juveniles of certain species demonstrated uniquely high abundances in habitat clusters characterized by the non-reef habitats surrounding coral reefs. Considering coral reef habitats and adjacent non-reef habitats as a holistic, interconnected seascape will provide better estimations of the drivers of the structures of coral reef fish assemblages.","PeriodicalId":505604,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140702517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent Findings on Spawning Patterns and Recommendations for the Fishery Management of the Southern Red Snapper—Lutjanus purpureus (Poey, 1866)—On the Amazon Continental Shelf of Brazil 关于巴西亚马逊大陆架上南方红鲷-Lutjanus purpureus (Poey, 1866)产卵模式的最新发现和渔业管理建议

Fishes Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9040136

Larissa da Costa Pinheiro, Beatrice Padovani Ferreira, Paulo Emílio Santos, U. Peixoto, Bianca Bentes

{"title":"Recent Findings on Spawning Patterns and Recommendations for the Fishery Management of the Southern Red Snapper—Lutjanus purpureus (Poey, 1866)—On the Amazon Continental Shelf of Brazil","authors":"Larissa da Costa Pinheiro, Beatrice Padovani Ferreira, Paulo Emílio Santos, U. Peixoto, Bianca Bentes","doi":"10.3390/fishes9040136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9040136","url":null,"abstract":"The southern red snapper, Lutjanus purpureus, is one of the primary fishery resources of the Amazon continental shelf. Due to the demand for specimens of less than 900 g in weight, increased fishing effort focusing on this size class has led to a drastic decrease in catches. The present study was based on the analysis of cellular structures in the female gonads (formation of oocytes and other reproductive tissues) to identify reproductive processes and evaluate the effectiveness of current fishery management practices. The presence of postovulatory follicles (POFs) peaked in April, which was interpreted as a period of intense spawning. In addition to POFs, hydrated oocytes peaked in July, indicating either reproductive continuity or a second peak, based on the presence of atretic oocytes and atresia. Given that the local snapper fishery preferentially targets very young individuals, an extension of the closed season from March to July would be recommendable to guarantee the reproductive potential of the spawning stock.","PeriodicalId":505604,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"4 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140700709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Environmentally Friendly and Efficient Methods for Mitigating the Density of Ascidian Fouling in Mediterranean Mussel Farming 减轻地中海贻贝养殖中蛔虫污染密度的环保高效方法

Fishes Pub Date : 2024-04-14 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9040135

Dimitrios Tsotsios, Dimitrios K. Papadopoulos, Maria V. Alvanou, I. Georgoulis, Athanasios Lattos, B. Michaelidis, Kostantinos Feidantsis, I. Giantsis, J. Theodorou

{"title":"Environmentally Friendly and Efficient Methods for Mitigating the Density of Ascidian Fouling in Mediterranean Mussel Farming","authors":"Dimitrios Tsotsios, Dimitrios K. Papadopoulos, Maria V. Alvanou, I. Georgoulis, Athanasios Lattos, B. Michaelidis, Kostantinos Feidantsis, I. Giantsis, J. Theodorou","doi":"10.3390/fishes9040135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9040135","url":null,"abstract":"Ascidian biofouling generates significant challenges to bivalve aquaculture. Their rapid spread across almost every available surface leads to increased maintenance costs and reduced yields in shellfish farming. In addition, ascidians may introduce pathogens or toxins, further compromising the health and marketability of bivalve stocks and thereby necessitating strict management strategies to manage these impacts. The aim of this study was the evaluation of different management practices for eliminating ascidian fouling and the identification of the best method for Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck, 1819) aquaculture farms. The effects of different anti-fouling treatments as well as their interactive outcomes were examined by conducting two experiments. Various experimental procedures were applied, including the temporally differential washing of mussels, air exposure and immersion in 50 ppt and 70 ppt salinity solutions, as well as the combination of these applications. All treatments reduced the number of ascidian colonies on mussel socks but at varying proportions. Immersing mussel socks in a 70 ppt salinity solution followed by air exposure for 1 day was the most efficient method and led to a 93% eradication.","PeriodicalId":505604,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"151 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140707020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing Fish Auction with Deep Learning and Computer Vision: Automated Caliber and Species Classification 利用深度学习和计算机视觉加强鱼类拍卖：自动口径和鱼种分类

Fishes Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9040133

Javier Jareño, G. Bárcena-González, J. Castro-Gutiérrez, R. Cabrera-Castro, Pedro L. Galindo

{"title":"Enhancing Fish Auction with Deep Learning and Computer Vision: Automated Caliber and Species Classification","authors":"Javier Jareño, G. Bárcena-González, J. Castro-Gutiérrez, R. Cabrera-Castro, Pedro L. Galindo","doi":"10.3390/fishes9040133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9040133","url":null,"abstract":"The accurate labeling of species and size of specimens plays a pivotal role in fish auctions conducted at fishing ports. These labels, among other relevant information, serve as determinants of the objectivity of the auction preparation process, underscoring the indispensable nature of a reliable labeling system. Historically, this task has relied on manual processes, rendering it vulnerable to subjective interpretations by the involved personnel, therefore compromising the value of the merchandise. Consequently, the digitization and implementation of an automated labeling system are proposed as a viable solution to this ongoing challenge. This study presents an automatic system for labeling species and size, leveraging pre-trained convolutional neural networks. Specifically, the performance of VGG16, EfficientNetV2L, Xception, and ResNet152V2 networks is thoroughly examined, incorporating data augmentation techniques and fine-tuning strategies. The experimental findings demonstrate that for species classification, the EfficientNetV2L network excels as the most proficient model, achieving an average F-Score of 0.932 in its automatic mode and an average F-Score of 0.976 in its semi-automatic mode. Concerning size classification, a semi-automatic model is introduced, where the Xception network emerges as the superior model, achieving an average F-Score of 0.949.","PeriodicalId":505604,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140707507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Calanus finmarchicus Hydrolysate Inclusion on Diet Attractiveness for Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) 白对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）摄入钙翅鱼水解物对食物吸引力的影响

Fishes Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9040134

Isak Bøgwald, Simon Herrig, A. Pedersen, S. Wubshet, Karl-Erik Eilertsen

{"title":"Effect of Calanus finmarchicus Hydrolysate Inclusion on Diet Attractiveness for Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)","authors":"Isak Bøgwald, Simon Herrig, A. Pedersen, S. Wubshet, Karl-Erik Eilertsen","doi":"10.3390/fishes9040134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9040134","url":null,"abstract":"Shrimp feed formulations have moved towards less fish meal and more of the readily available and cheaper plant proteins. To counteract the lower attractiveness and palatability of plant proteins, feeds are supplemented with ingredients known to have chemoattractive properties that will increase feed intake. This study investigated the putative chemoattractive effect of Calanus finmarchicus hydrolysate, when used as a dietary supplement in shrimp feeds. C. finmarchicus is a zooplankton species native to the northern Atlantic Ocean and is a novel and sustainable raw material for shrimp feed products. Diet attractiveness was evaluated in a 24-day feeding trial with whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) by measuring the intake of 12 diets with various levels of fish meal, calanus hydrolysate, and krill (Euphausia superba) meal. Higher inclusion rates of both ingredients resulted in increased feed intakes, and supplementing the high fish meal diet with calanus hydrolysate gave a statistically significant higher feed intake. Low molecular weight peptides, chemoattractive amino acids, and the water-soluble nature of the hydrolysate could explain the chemoattractive properties observed in the study.","PeriodicalId":505604,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"58 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140708516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of Growth Performance, Nutritional Composition, and Muscle Transcriptome between Two Cultured Varieties of the Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis) 两个中华绒螯蟹养殖品种的生长性能、营养成分和肌肉转录组的比较

Fishes Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9040132

Ziyu Wang, Peiying Huang, Xiaoyong Li, Jianmin Pei, Wenzhen Liu, Jiahao Hou, Linjie Li, Hongxiang Fan, Liugen Zeng, Daxian Zhao

{"title":"Comparison of Growth Performance, Nutritional Composition, and Muscle Transcriptome between Two Cultured Varieties of the Chinese Mitten Crab (Eriocheir sinensis)","authors":"Ziyu Wang, Peiying Huang, Xiaoyong Li, Jianmin Pei, Wenzhen Liu, Jiahao Hou, Linjie Li, Hongxiang Fan, Liugen Zeng, Daxian Zhao","doi":"10.3390/fishes9040132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9040132","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the disparities in growth performance and nutritional composition between two common Chinese mitten crab varieties, “Jianghai 21” and “Changjiang 2”, cultured in Jiangxi Province. Over the breeding period, parameters such as body weight, height, carapace length and width, and lengths of the second and third legs exhibited increases. Growth indices of “Jianghai 21” surpassed those of “Changjiang 2” during the intermediate and late breeding phases. While “Changjiang 2” demonstrated significantly higher crude lipid content than “Jianghai 21”, the latter exhibited markedly higher levels of total amino acids (TAAs), essential amino acids (EAAs), and delectable amino acids. Although overall nutrient composition did not significantly differ, TAA and EAA contents in the hepatopancreas were notably greater in “Jianghai 21” than in “Changjiang 2”. Moreover, a total of 901 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the two varieties, with 560 upregulated and 341 downregulated. These DEGs were primarily associated with pathways related to fatty acid degradation, metabolism, and growth regulation. The observed variances in growth performance and nutrient composition between “Jianghai 21” and “Changjiang 2” suggest potential regulation by relevant genes. In summary, the results showed that the growth performance of “Jianghai 21” is greater than that of “Changjiang 2”, offering valuable insights for the selection of aquaculture varieties in the region.","PeriodicalId":505604,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"107 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140725030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Relationship between Mean Length at Maturity and Maximum Length in Coral Reef Fish 珊瑚礁鱼类成熟时的平均长度与最大长度之间的关系

Fishes Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9040130

Elaine Chu, Daniel Pauly

{"title":"The Relationship between Mean Length at Maturity and Maximum Length in Coral Reef Fish","authors":"Elaine Chu, Daniel Pauly","doi":"10.3390/fishes9040130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9040130","url":null,"abstract":"This article proposes a mechanism that triggers first maturation and spawning in coral reef (bony) fish, which allows for predicting their length at first maturity. Thus, mean lengths at first maturity (Lm) and the corresponding maximum lengths (Lmax) in 207 populations of 131 species of coral reef fish were assembled and used to test the hypotheses that (a) there is, in coral reef fish, a single value of a size-related parameter acting as a trigger for their maturation and eventual spawning, and (b) that this single value is statistically the same as that published previously for other bony fish. The results, based on the assembled Lm and Lmax data and on estimates of the parameter D, which link the length of fish with the relative surface of their gills, covered 44 families and Lmax values ranging from 1.8 to 181.6 cm and confirmed that the threshold in (a) exists. Also, we assessed (in b) that this threshold value, i.e., LmaxD/LmD = 1.35 (±0.02), is not statistically different from similar estimates for other groups of teleosts, notably semelparous salmonids, cichlids, sturgeons and Chinese and Turkish freshwater and marine fish. One implication is that given ocean warming and deoxygenation, coral reef fish will not only be smaller than they currently are, but also mature and spawn at smaller sizes, and thus produce fewer, smaller eggs.","PeriodicalId":505604,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"61 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140725063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Immune Protection of a Bivalent Inactivated Vaccine against Aeromonas salmonicida and Vibrio vulnificus in Turbot 评估二价灭活疫苗对大菱鲆沙门氏菌和弧菌的免疫保护作用

Fishes Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9040131

Yunji Xiu, Jingyuan Yi, Ruixin Feng, Jiaxue Song, Yunfei Pang, Peng Liu, Shun Zhou

{"title":"Evaluation of Immune Protection of a Bivalent Inactivated Vaccine against Aeromonas salmonicida and Vibrio vulnificus in Turbot","authors":"Yunji Xiu, Jingyuan Yi, Ruixin Feng, Jiaxue Song, Yunfei Pang, Peng Liu, Shun Zhou","doi":"10.3390/fishes9040131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9040131","url":null,"abstract":"The Aeromonas salmonicida is responsible for causing furunculosis in various fish species. Furunculosis is a ubiquitous disease that affects the aquaculture industry and causes the mass mortality of turbot. Vibrio vulnificus is a pathogen that causes skin ulcers and hemorrhagic septicemia in fish, resulting in significant mortality in aquaculture. In this study, we have established a bivalent inactivated vaccine against A. salmonicida and V. vulnificus with Montanide™ ISA 763 AVG as an adjuvant. This bivalent inactivated vaccine was used to immunize turbot by intraperitoneal injection, and the relevant immune indexes were detected. The results demonstrate that the bivalent inactivated vaccine exhibited a relative percent survival (RPS) of 77% following A. salmonicida and V. vulnificus intraperitoneal challenge. The vaccinated group exhibited higher levels of acid phosphatase activity and lysozyme activity compared to the control group. ELISA results showed a significant increase in serum antibody levels in immunized turbot, which was positively correlated with immunity. In the kidney tissue, related immune genes (TLR5, CD4, MHCI and MHCII) were up-regulated significantly, showing that the vaccine can induce cellular and humoral immune responses in turbot. In conclusion, the bivalent inactivated vaccine against A. salmonicida and V. vulnificus was immunogenic, efficiently preventing turbot from infection, which has the potential to be applied in aquaculture.","PeriodicalId":505604,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"25 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140720846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vitamin C Alleviates Intestinal Inflammation Caused by Aeromonas hydrophila in Juvenile Blunt Snout Bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) 维生素 C 可缓解钝吻鳊幼鱼由嗜水气单胞菌引起的肠道炎症

Fishes Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.3390/fishes9040129

Abdullateef Mukhtar Muhammad, Chang Yang, Jingyuan Wang, Xianping Ge, Bo Liu, Linghong Miao, Guodong Gao, Qunlan Zhou

{"title":"Vitamin C Alleviates Intestinal Inflammation Caused by Aeromonas hydrophila in Juvenile Blunt Snout Bream (Megalobrama amblycephala)","authors":"Abdullateef Mukhtar Muhammad, Chang Yang, Jingyuan Wang, Xianping Ge, Bo Liu, Linghong Miao, Guodong Gao, Qunlan Zhou","doi":"10.3390/fishes9040129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/fishes9040129","url":null,"abstract":"Vitamin C (VC) can be used to increase disease resistance in practice in intensive aquaculture. But it is still unconfirmed whether VC could alleviate inflammation and what dosage is suitable. This study investigated the effects of dietary VC on the immunity and enteritis of juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. The fish were fed with VC levels ranging from 25.35 to 2231.98 mg/kg for 60 days. After that, fish fed with 150.65 mg/kg, 573.79 mg/kg, and 2231.98 mg/kg VC were challenged with A. hydrophila orally to simulate enteritis. The results showed that 285.39 and 573.79 mg/kg dietary VC significant improved growth performance and feed utilization. Dietary VC (573.79 and 1133.79 mg/kg) significantly enhanced the serum immune parameters, antioxidant enzymes’ activities, and relative gene expressions of ikbα and cat in the liver in the 60-day feeding trail. The survival rate was significantly higher in 573.79 mg/kg dietary VC group than the other two treatments. Cytokines were activated after the bacteria challenge. Dietary 573.79 mg/kg VC caused significantly higher TNF-α level at 12 hpi and maintained a high level of IL-8 at 48 to 72 h compared to other treatments. In conclusion, more than 500 mg/kg VC was needed to maintain the health of blunt snout bream juveniles. Suitable VC would activate cytokines to increase disease resistance along with antioxidant enzymes.","PeriodicalId":505604,"journal":{"name":"Fishes","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140728966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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