Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Early detection of the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) infestation using olfactory appetitive learning of honeybee, Apis mellifera","authors":"Salma A. Mousa, Alaa El-Din Sallam, G. Orabi, Ehab S. Hassaneen","doi":"10.21608/cat.2024.258838.1241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2024.258838.1241","url":null,"abstract":"Infestation of palm trees by the red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus in the tropics, Middle East, and North Africa represents a serious economic threat and has reached a critical level due to significant spread. The inability of early detection of this pest is the main obstacle against infestation management. Here, we investigated the potential use of the honeybees’ olfaction for early detection of the odorant signature of the RPW’s aggregation pheromone. We conditioned the Proboscis Extension Response (PER) of harnessed honeybee foragers using the RPW’s aggregation pheromone as a conditioned stimulus in an appetitive Pavlovian learning protocol using either the synthetic pheromone or the natural pheromone released by groups of RPWs. To test the sensitivity of pheromone detection by bees, five groups of RPWs (25, 20, 15, 10, and 5 individuals each) were used to condition the bees. Medium-and long term-memory retention was evaluated after (4, 24, 48, and 72 hrs post-conditioning). The honeybees learned the odor of the RPW’s pheromone both in its synthetic and its natural form. In the latter case, learning success increased with the number of weevils used as a pheromone source. The percentage of learners after six conditioning trials was 89%, 92%, 87%, 80%, 68%, and 49% for the control, 25, 20, 15, 10, and 5 RPW group sizes, respectively, and was positively correlated with RPW group size. Memory was retained for at least 24 h without a significant decay in all groups trained with different numbers of RPWs. Memory retention decreased significantly after 48 h. In conclusion, PER conditioning using RPW pheromone as a conditioned stimulus for subsequent detection of RPW infestations was valid up to a period shorter than 48 h for the 15 RPW group (27% of bees) and to 72 h for the 20 RPW group (25% of bees). The results show that honeybees could be used as promising bio-detectors for the red palm weevil. However, further research and field trials are needed to establish them as proven biological sensors.","PeriodicalId":505578,"journal":{"name":"Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":" 58","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141827396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Antioxidant systems in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plants to water stress","authors":"Sanad M Alsobaei","doi":"10.21608/cat.2024.281915.1275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2024.281915.1275","url":null,"abstract":"Common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) is an important food crop that is often subjected to water stress conditions, which can negatively impact growth and yield. Antioxidant systems play a crucial role in plant responses to abiotic stresses, including water stress. In this study the effects of the response of antioxidant systems in broad bean plants to water deficit stresses were investigated. The plants were grown for three weeks in plastic pots containing 3 kg of soil and subjected to different soil moisture levels: 2-fold field capacity (waterlogging), 50% and 75% field capacity (water deficit), and one field capacity as a control. The data obtained revealed that the free phenolic compound in shoots and roots of the tested plants was significantly increased as a result of imposed to the levels of water deficit (75% F.C & 50% F.C) as compared to absolute controls. But in roots the free phenolic compound was significantly decreased especially under waterlogging stress. The hydrogen peroxide concentration of bean plants was significantly increased as a result imposed to decrease the soil moisture content WD and WL stresses. There is a marked and progressive increasing in the production of proline in plants shoots as the soil moisture level decreased, therefore the highest accumulation of proline was recorded in plants subjected to the lowest level of soil moisture content DW (50% FC) of the tested plants compared to absolute controls. Specific activity (Umg -1 protein) of catalase, guaical peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase were significantly raised under high water deficit (50% FC) and waterlogging (2 FC), whereas SOD specific activity in common bean leaves and roots was unchanged under the LWD and HWD stresses while it was significantly increased under WL stress compared to absolute control. Antioxidant compounds and their enzyme activity are important mechanisms enabling plants to cope with drought.","PeriodicalId":505578,"journal":{"name":"Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141679853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study on the Effect of Sunset Yellow Dye and Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) on Testes of Male Sprague Dawley Rats","authors":"Manal Almatrafi","doi":"10.21608/cat.2024.353315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2024.353315","url":null,"abstract":"Sunset Yellow (SY) (E110) is a synthetic yellow azo dye commonly found in various food products such as orange sodas, powdered marinades, snack chips, ice creams, apricot jam, gelatin desserts, and cake decorations. On the other hand, Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) belongs to the nitrosamine family and is used in various applications such as a gasoline additive, lubricant additive, stabilizer in plastics, solvent in the fiber industry, and is even present in tobacco smoke. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of SY and DEN on the testes of rats. Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, aged eight weeks, were divided into four groups. The first group served as the normal control and received no treatment. The second group was solely treated with SY at a dosage of 160 mg/kg/b.wt./day via intragastric gavage (ig). The third group received an intraperitoneal (IP) injection of DEN at a dosage of 200 mg/kg. The fourth group underwent the same DEN injection as the second group, followed by treatment with SY at a dosage of 160 mg/kg/b.wt./day administered via intragastric gavage (ig). The results of the study revealed that the testes weight increased in the treatment groups (3.3±0.63; 2.95±0.63 and 3.32±0.64, for SY, DEN, and the combination of SY and DEN, respectively) compared to the control group (2.9±0.31). In terms of the lipid profile, the DEN group exhibited increased levels of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), accompanied by a decrease in high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Conversely, the group treated with SY demonstrated an increase in cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL levels, but a decrease in HDL levels. Additionally, the combination of SY and DEN showed a reduction in Glutathione reductase and Glutathione peroxidase, which are antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, the DEN group displayed significant microscopic shrinkage of seminiferous tubules, desquamation of germinal epithelium, and increased interstitial tissue with haemorrhage and haemolysis. In contrast, the group treated with SY showed mild degenerative changes in seminiferous tubules, highly congested blood vessels, and interstitial haemorrhage.","PeriodicalId":505578,"journal":{"name":"Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"45 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141011679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of Egg Albumen as a Source of Amino Acids and Protein Supplement on the Production of Silkworm Bombyx mori L.","authors":"M. Moustafa","doi":"10.21608/cat.2024.238720.1207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2024.238720.1207","url":null,"abstract":"The mulberry silkworm is a monophagous insect that depends solely on mulberry leaves as its primary feeding source. Therefore, the quality of mulberry leaves and nutritive supplements are significant factors affecting silk production. This investigation was carried out to evaluate the potential of hen egg albumen as a protein and amino acid source impacting various biological and biochemical characters of mulberry silkworm. Larvae were reared on mulberry leaves enriched with different concentrations of hen egg albumen (10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) from 4 th larval instar until the spinning stage (odd days). While hen egg albumen contains amino acids vital for silk production, excessive doses led to reduce the production due to an abundance of non-silk-producing amino acids or those not involved in silk structure, resulting in silk metabolism disorders. Larvae reared on leaves fortified with (10 %, 20%) concentrations showed improvements in all biological and biochemical parameters, with no significant differences observed between the two concentrations in cocoon criteria. However, 20% concentration treatment exhibited a significantly higher shell ratio percentage, 5 th larval weight, growth index, cocooning and pupation ratios. The results also showed that higher concentrations of hen egg albumen were significantly inversely related to cocoon production.","PeriodicalId":505578,"journal":{"name":"Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"15 S2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140740104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seedling Evaluation of Native Perennials for Implementing Large-scale Revegetation Projects in Arid Lands","authors":"Mansour Abdullah, Meshal M. Abdullah, Z. Al-Ali, Mohammad Almousa, Midhun Mohan, Nouf Al-Hashash","doi":"10.21608/cat.2024.258211.1240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2024.258211.1240","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding seedling development and germination processes is crucial for the successful planning and execution of revegetation and restoration initiatives on a large scale. Due to shifting environmental conditions, monitoring seed viability, dormancy, and germination success in the wild is challenging. This study seeks to investigate the optimal germination conditions for seedlings from five distinct wild populations of perennial plants commonly used in local restoration and revegetation projects in Kuwait. Kuwait has a desert climate with summer temperatures that can get as high as 46°C and minimal annual precipitation (< 112 mm). Kuwait's dry climate is home to a restricted range of flora, most of which are desert shrubs that have adapted to the severe weather. Among the well-known perennials studied at The Public Authority of Agriculture Affairs and Fish Resources (PAAF) nurseries in Kuwait were Rhanterium epapposum, Farsetia aegyptia, Calligonum comosum, Panicum turgidum, and Pennisetum divisum. In a controlled greenhouse setting, seedling germination experiments were conducted under consistent environmental conditions. The seeds were obtained from well-developed mother plants, washed, thoroughly dried, and stored in a cold, dry environment without undergoing any dormancy-breaking treatments. As a result, all five species were able to exhibit a high rate of germination, and the proportion of seedlings that emerged between 37 and 55 days ranged from 78.2 % for Pennisetum divisum producing the fewest seedlings, while Farsetia aegyptia produced the most 95.4%. This study provides essential information to land restoration managers for them to implement appropriate strategies and achieve good results for large-scale revegetation projects. However, to determine seedling growth and establishment in revegetated sites, an active ecological monitoring technique is required.","PeriodicalId":505578,"journal":{"name":"Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"268 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140754352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An in vitro evaluation of the biological activity of biogenic eggshell-derived nanosized bioglass, poly (ε-caprolactone), and zein protein 3D composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering","authors":"Amany El-Korashy, M.S. El-Shahidy, Rania Badawy, Nour Habib","doi":"10.21608/cat.2024.259715.1244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2024.259715.1244","url":null,"abstract":".","PeriodicalId":505578,"journal":{"name":"Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"254 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140751465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Impact of High-Fat Diet on Gut Microbiota Composition in Healthy Individuals: A Comprehensive Analysis","authors":"Basma Saad El-Den, Heba Abdelrazek, Samira Mansour","doi":"10.21608/cat.2024.256168.1236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2024.256168.1236","url":null,"abstract":"The human gut microbiota, composed of diverse microorganisms known as microbiomes, plays a vital role in maintaining human health. The composition and activity of the gut microbiome are influenced by a multitude of factors, including internal factors such as stress and external factors such as nutrition and medication. Understanding the gut microbiota's role in body fatness has gathered significant research attention and public interest. To comprehend the complicated relationship between gut microbes and their hosts, it is essential to characterize the microbiota in healthy individuals. Emerging evidence suggests that alterations in gut microbiota composition, particularly in response to dietary factors, can have profound implications for human health. Of particular interest is the potential impact of a high-fat diet on the gut microbiota, as it has been postulated that such dietary patterns may lead to dysbiosis and subsequent health consequences. Recent research has highlighted the potential impact of dietary factors on the gut microbiota, particularly the association between a high-fat diet and dysbiosis, which may have adverse health effects. This review aims to contribute to the existing knowledge by providing a comprehensive analysis of the microbiomes in healthy individuals compared to those consuming a high-fat diet.","PeriodicalId":505578,"journal":{"name":"Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"301 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140402584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Chlorella vulgaris to Some Selected Pharmaceutical Drugs","authors":"Abdelraouf A. Moustafa, Jelan Mofeed, Randa Abd-El Hakim, Abdelfatah Soror","doi":"10.21608/cat.2024.222635.1182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2024.222635.1182","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505578,"journal":{"name":"Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"166 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139849192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Change and Biodiversity Loss: Interconnected Challenges and Priority Measures","authors":"ِAbdelfattah Badr, Hanaa Rl-Shazly","doi":"10.21608/cat.2024.340596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2024.340596","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505578,"journal":{"name":"Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":"45 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139850618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Chlorella vulgaris to Some Selected Pharmaceutical Drugs","authors":"Abdelraouf A. Moustafa, Jelan Mofeed, Randa Abd-El Hakim, Abdelfatah Soror","doi":"10.21608/cat.2024.222635.1182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/cat.2024.222635.1182","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":505578,"journal":{"name":"Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences","volume":" 51","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139789048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}