Environmental Research Communications最新文献

{"title":"Patterns and trends in the spatial heterogeneity of land surface phenology of global forests","authors":"Marco Girardello, G. Ceccherini, G. Duveiller, M. Migliavacca, A. Cescatti","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad3c16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad3c16","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Land-surface phenology is a widely used indicator of how terrestrial ecosystems respond to environmental change. The spatial variability of this plant functional trait has also been advocated as an indicator of the functional composition of ecosystems. However, a global-scale assessment of spatial patterns in the spatial heterogeneity of forest phenology is currently lacking. To address this knowledge gap, we developed an index based on satellite retrievals and used it to quantify phenological diversity across global forest biomes. We show that there is considerable variation in phenological diversity among biomes, with the highest overall levels occurring in arid and temperate regions. An analysis of the drivers of the spatial patterns revealed that temperature-related factors primarily determine the variation in phenological diversity. Notably, temperature seasonality and mean annual temperature emerged as the most significant variables in explaining this global-scale variability. Furthermore, an assessment of temporal changes over an 18-year period revealed strong climate-driven shifts of phenological diversity in boreal and arid regions, suggesting that there may be an ongoing widespread homogenisation of land surface phenology within forest ecosystems. Our findings ultimately contribute to the development of a novel Essential Biodiversity Variable, which may enable scientists and practitioners to quantify the functional composition of ecosystems at unprecedented spatial and temporal scales.","PeriodicalId":505267,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140728336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential responses of respiration and photosynthesis to air temperature over a moist tundra ecosystem of Alaska and its impact on changing carbon cycle","authors":"JiYeon Lee, Namyi Chae, Yongwon Kim, Juyeol Yoon, Sujong Jeong, Tae-Jin Choi, Seong-Joong Kim, Bang-Yong Lee, Sang-Jong Park","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad3c17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad3c17","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study analyzed the sensitivities of carbon cycle to surface air temperature using the CO2 flux data collected from June to September for six years (2014-2019) over a moist tundra site in Council, Alaska. The tundra ecosystem was a strong sink of carbon in June and July, a weak sink in August with rapidly decreasing photosynthesis, and a carbon source in September. The ecosystem respiration (Re) and gross primary production (GPP) were obtained from the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of eddy-covariance system. Both the Re and GPP increased with temperature, enhancing carbon emission and uptake during observation period. Notably, Re showed higher sensitivity to temperature than GPP did. This result means that as global warming continues, the increase in carbon release is greater than the increase in carbon uptake. In other words, the tundra ecosystem is expected to become a weaker carbon sink in June and July and a stronger source of carbon in September. Possible mechanism of different temperature sensitivities of Re and GPP as well as temporal variations of temperature sensitivities are suggested. Present results highlight the importance of understanding the temperature sensitivities of Re and GPP in various tundra ecosystems to accurately understand changes in the carbon cycle in the Arctic region.","PeriodicalId":505267,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"33 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140728219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive influences of salinity and sodicity levels on depth-wise soil organic matter and micronutrient elements in Thailand","authors":"N. Phankamolsil, Tanutnan Tengprasert, I. Kheoruenromne, Yutthana Phankamolsil, R. Gilkes, K. Sonsri","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad3cbb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad3cbb","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Soil salinity and sodicity are the major environmental issues that lead to the deterioration of soil properties, nutrient cycling, and soil ecosystems around the globe. Nevertheless, the reciprocal effects of salinity and sodicity levels on depth-wise soil organic matter (SOM) and micronutrients remain elusive, particularly in Thailand. For a better understanding of such an issue, soil samples were collected from 38 sites at depths of 0–20, 30–50, 60–80, and 80–120 cm where they were affected by salts with variable levels of salinity and sodicity, having electrical conductivity (ECe), and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) from 0.20–74.70 dS m–1, and 2.74%–113.23%, respectively. Soil physicochemical properties, including distribution of sand, silt, and clay, pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), and micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and B) were determined. The results exhibited that SOC content, ranging from 3.36–14.74 g kg–1, was higher in topsoil (0–20 cm) compared to the other three soil depths and it correlated negatively with ECe (0–20 and 80–120 cm) and ESP (80–120 cm), suggesting the declines in SOC amount due to high salinity and sodicity levels. Topsoil Mn concentration (0.06–182.06 mg kg–1) also tended to be greater than the other soil depths while Fe concentration in that soil depth (0.02–33.99 mg kg–1) tended to be smaller. The ECe correlated negatively with the concentrations of Fe, Cu (all soil depths), and Zn (30–50 and 60–80 cm), and positively with Mn concentration (60–80 and 80–120 cm), suggesting that the availability of Fe Cu and Zn is vulnerable to high salinity and sodicity levels. Overall, our findings highlight that high salinity and sodicity levels brought about a reduction in SOC content and low concentrations of micronutrients in soils, irrespective of Mn concentration.","PeriodicalId":505267,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"257 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140781323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can artificially induced habitat complexity alter macroinvertebrates diversity? A case study from a freshwater wetland ecosystem","authors":"Md. Ayenuddin Haque, Md. Abu Sayed Jewel, U. Atique, Sonia Iqbal, Sumaiya Akter, B. A. Paray, Takaomi Arai, M. B. Hossain","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad3901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad3901","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Habitat complexity can enhance the resilience of wetlands against environmental stressors such as extreme weather events, pollution, and habitat loss. The introduction of artificial induced complexity (AIC) can play a significant role in reshaping the macroinvertebrate communities within wetland ecosystems by enhancing habitat quality in protected areas. Therefore, this study was designed to examine the variation of macroinvertebrates community structure in artificially induced complex sanctuary site (SS), partially protected (PP) and open sites (OS) from July 2019-April 2020. AIC in the sanctuary sites was established through the installation of cemented hexapods and ring pipes. Over the study period, a total of 665 macroinvertebrates were gathered, with 55.55% originating from SS, 31.14% from PP, and 18.21% from OS sites. The community consists mainly of Lymnaea acuminatatea and Tubifex tubifex, with the most abundant species being Limnodrillus hoffmeisteri and Branchiura sowerbyi. A notable positive impact of AIC was evident in the increased total abundance and diversity indices of macroinvertebrate communities. The Analysis of Similarity (ANOSIM) revealed significant distinctions in community structures among various intervention types, which was further corroborated by a non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) plot. Similarity of Percentage Analysis (SIMPER) highlighted that Limnodrillus hoffmeisteri made the most significant contribution to the dissimilarity observed among the different intervention types. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) revealed a close association between the structure of the macroinvertebrate community and three key ecological factors: periphyton biomass, macrophyte cover, and sediment properties. These findings could offer a more effective approach for managers and policymakers engaged in the conservation of macroinvertebrates and the sustainable management of fisheries resources within wetland ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":505267,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"46 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140371560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring Spatiotemporal Changes in Land Use/Land Cover and its Impacts on Ecosystem Services in Southern Zambia","authors":"Diling Liang, James Reed, S. Fakheran, K. Moombe, F. Siangulube, Terry Sunderland","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad37f3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad37f3","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Ecosystems play a vital role in human well-being, yet widespread loss of ecosystem services due to human activities, including agricultural expansion and deforestation, remains a significant concern. Despite the wealth of research highlighting the importance of ecosystem conservation in Zambia, a critical gap exists in understanding the interplay between conservation of ecosystem services and the socio-economic needs of local communities. This study presents a comparative analysis of ecosystem services in two distinct landscapes within Zambia: the protected area of Kafue National Park and the agricultural landscape of Kalomo district between 2000-2020. Employing a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, we evaluate the impacts of land/use and land cover (LULC) changes on selected ecosystem services, with a particular focus on carbon storage and the habitat quality of the trumpeter hornbill. The results of the comparison indicate that: (1) The Kalomo district has suffered from extensive land conversion, with forest changing to cropland, while KNP is well protected from encroachment, with forest area increasing over time. (2) Carbon storage and habitat quality of trumpeter hornbill continually decreased in the Kalomo district but improved in KNP. (3) KNP's strict enforcement preserved ecosystems, while Kalomo suffered rapid environmental degradation due to an imbalance between economic development and environmental conservation. The findings underscore the importance of integrated and inclusive land-use planning and natural resource governance for maintaining and enhancing ecosystem services in Zambia. To progress towards landscape management that is both sustainable and equitable, aligning with the objectives of the Global Biodiversity Framework, it is proposed that a comprehensive approach be adopted in the region. This approach should encompass a more thorough consideration of local livelihood requirements, as well as the wider political-economic and social factors at play.","PeriodicalId":505267,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"106 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140380604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Ross Gyre on surface circulation in the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica","authors":"Hailun He","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad37f2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad37f2","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The east limb of the Ross Gyre approaches the western Amundsen Sea, thereby exerting an influence on the surface circulation dynamics. This study investigates the impact of the zonal movement of the eastern boundary of the Ross Gyre on the surrounding surface geostrophic circulation in January. Specifically, a zonal shift of the eastern boundary of the Ross Gyre induces a substantial shelf-basin circulation within the Amundsen Sea. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the influence of the Ross Gyre on the exchange processes between the Amundsen Sea shelf and basin.","PeriodicalId":505267,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"101 46","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140380817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two High-Impact Extreme Precipitation Events During the Meiyu Season: Simulations and Their Sensitivity to a Scale-Aware Convective Parameterization Scheme","authors":"Qifeng Qian, Zhenshou Yu, Xiaojing Jia, Dan Wang","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad37a9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad37a9","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this study, we investigate the impact of a scale-aware convective parameterization scheme (CPS) on simulating two high-impact extreme precipitation events during the Meiyu season at a 1 km resolution. Compared with explicit resolving simulation, applying scale-aware CPS mostly affects the atmospheric environment before convection is triggered and the regions outside the convective cell (e.g., stratiform regions) by consuming convective available potential energy (CAPE), which further inhibits precipitation. For the 2019 event, since the explicit resolving simulation underestimates precipitation, applying scale-aware CPS further inhibits precipitation and reduces the skill for the heavy rainfall category. In contrast, for the 2020 event, as the explicit resolving simulation overestimates precipitation, using scale-aware CPS inhibits precipitation and improves the skill of the model. When scale-aware CPS is applied, increasing , which represents the effect of horizontal resolution, the CPS precipitation is reduced and the grid-scale precipitation is increased, but the overall effect inhibits the total precipitation. However, with the increase in , although the number of stations with heavy rainfall (≥50 mm) is reduced, the average precipitation among these stations is increased. Further analysis of those stations with the largest 24-hour precipitation and cross sections over regions with large radar reflectivity shows that increasing reduces the CAPE consumed by CPS and provides a more favorable environment for strong convections and strengthens precipitation. The results of this study may provide useful information for operational model application and may be beneficial to society.","PeriodicalId":505267,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":" 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140384405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Model of Sustainable Development in Economic, Social, and Environmental Aspects: The Role of Social Capital in China","authors":"Fan Zhang, Feng Xiao, Pengju Yu","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad37a8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad37a8","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper takes China as an example to quantitatively study the weight relationship between economic growth, social welfare, and environmental quality, and explores the role of social capital in promoting sustainable development. This paper constructs the Hamilton optimization model, the \"sustainable\" element is introduced on the basis of the traditional utility function, and given China's economic characteristics of numerical simulation analysis was carried out on the model parameters, to reveal the connotation of Chinese sustainable development from the mathematical, to explore the influence mechanism of social capital in promoting sustainable development. Research has found that sustainable development seeks coordinated economic, social, and environmental development. Setting the weight ratio of economic growth, social welfare, and environmental quality at 1:1.5:1.5 can better explain China's concept of sustainable development. When social capital accelerates its accumulation, it can effectively control the development and utilization of natural resources, and the ecosystem environment can maintain the stable state of the ecosystem through its own regeneration and restoration ability. Social capital has become a new driving force for sustainable development, achieving a steady and rising trend of China's economic development level. The research conclusions are helpful to promote the sustainable development, and to enrich and expand the relevant research on social capital.","PeriodicalId":505267,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"116 49","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140381688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Marine-cloud brightening: an airborne concept","authors":"C. Claudel, A. Lockley, F. Hoffmann, Younan Xia","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad2f71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad2f71","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Marine Cloud Brightening (MCB) is a proposed Solar Radiation Modification (SRM) geoengineering technique to enhance Marine Boundary Layer (MBL) cloud albedo. Extant proposals consider 10,000-100,000 autonomous ships spraying seawater, generating and dispersing sea salt nanoparticles. Alternatively, this paper proposes industrially manufacturing NaCl nanoparticles using ethanol anti-solvent brine precipitation. With desiccation, size optimization and narrowed size distribution, aerosol mass flux reduces by 500x (17x for dry mass flux). This facilitates Unmanned Aerial Vehicle delivery (e.g. MQ-9 Reaper Unmanned Aerial Vehicle). Increased speed and wake turbulence improves areal coverage per vehicle vs. ships --- reducing fleet size. Utilizing extant airframe designs improves vehicle Technology Readiness Level (TRL) --– potentially improving system operational cost (est. $40B per year) and lead time. This approach further reduces energy requirements (5x less), technical risk and system complexity. Increased readiness amplifies proliferation risk --- particularly for inexpensive regional heatwave and hurricane suppression --- making governance more urgent.","PeriodicalId":505267,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"14 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140082018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing automated machine learning approach for fast and robust crop yield prediction using a fusion of remote sensing, soil, and weather dataset","authors":"A. Kheir, Vinay Nangia, Abdelrazek Elnashar, Mina Devakota, Mohie Omar, T. Feike, Ajit Govind","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad2d02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad2d02","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Estimating smallholder crop yields robustly and timely is crucial for improving agronomic practices, determining yield gaps, guiding investment, and policymaking to ensure food security. However, there is poor estimation of yield for most smallholders due to lack of technology, and field scale data, particularly in Egypt. Automated machine learning (AutoML) can be used to automate the machine learning workflow, including automatic training and optimization of multiple models within a user-specified time frame, but it has less attention so far. Here, we combined extensive field survey yield across wheat cultivated area in Egypt with diverse dataset of remote sensing, soil, and weather to predict field-level wheat yield using 22 ML models in AutoML. The models showed robust accuracies for yield predictions, recording Willmott degree of agreement, (d > 0.80) with higher accuracy when super learner (stacked ensemble) was used (R2 = 0.51, d = 0.82). The trained AutoML was deployed to predict yield using remote sensing (RS) vegetative indices (VIs), demonstrating a good correlation with actual yield (R2 = 0.7). This is very important since it is considered a low-cost tool and could be used to explore early yield predictions. Since climate change has negative impacts on agricultural production and food security with some uncertainties, AutoML was deployed to predict wheat yield under recent climate scenarios from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6). These scenarios included single downscaled General Circulation Model (GCM) as CanESM5 and two shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs) as SSP2-4.5and SSP5-8.5during the mid-term period (2050). The stacked ensemble model displayed declines in yield of 21 % and 5 % under SSP5-8.5 and SSP2-4.5 respectively during mid-century, with higher. The developed approach could be used as a rapid, accurate and low-cost method to predict yield for stakeholder farms all over the world where ground data is scarce.","PeriodicalId":505267,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"78 S48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140429629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}