Archives of Current Research International最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Compressive Strength in Various Timbers for Agricultural Implements in Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India","authors":"Annu Rani, Jayant Singh, T.P. Singh, Ajit Kumar, Mukesh Kumar Choudhary","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5754","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the compressive strength of various timber types, including Red Cedar, Java Plum, Mango, Yellow Teak, Margosa, Eucalyptus, Teak, North Indian Rose timber, Lebbeck, and Sal. The compressive strengths of these timbers were measured to be 43.79, 50.42, 78.00, 71.16, 68.32, 69.88, 80.78, 85.50, 65.12, and 81.20 MPa, respectively. North Indian Rose timber and Sal exhibited the highest compressive strengths, suggesting their superior suitability for applications requiring high compressive resistance. Conversely, Red Cedar showed the lowest compressive strength among the timbers tested. The standard deviations for these measurements were Java Plum (0.07), Mango (0.28), Yellow Teak (0.36), Teak (0.45), Margosa (0.52), Eucalyptus (6.11), Red Cedar (0.69), North Indian Rose timber (0.79), Lebbeck (0.93), and Sal (0.68), with Mango displaying the lowest variation. The findings indicate that North Indian Rose timber and Sal are particularly robust, while Mango exhibits consistent compressive strength, making these timbers preferable for specific structural applications.","PeriodicalId":505151,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Current Research International","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141712995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formulating Global Policies and Strategies for Combating Criminal Use and Abuse of Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Amaka Debie Samuel-Okon, Omobolaji Olufunmilayo Olateju, Samuel Ufom Okon, O. O. Olaniyi, Udochukwu ThankGod Ikechukwu Igwenagu","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5735","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the criminal use and abuse of artificial intelligence (AI), exploring the effectiveness of various mitigation strategies. It employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from a survey of 211 experts with qualitative insights from academic, governmental, and industrial publications. The research examines four key hypotheses: the impact of public and organizational awareness, the role of advanced detection technologies, the effectiveness of ethical guidelines, and the influence of penalties and enforcement. The findings reveal that awareness, technology, ethics, and enforcement all contribute to mitigating AI misuse. The study concludes by proposing comprehensive strategies, including targeted awareness campaigns, investment in detection technologies, robust ethical guidelines, and strengthened legal frameworks, to effectively combat the criminal use of AI.","PeriodicalId":505151,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Current Research International","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insect Succession and Dynamics on Decomposing Piglets (Sus domesticus Erxleben) Carasses at Umudike, Southeast Nigeria","authors":"Ehisianya, C. N., Ozum, E. K., Okore, O. O.","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5734","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To determine the identity and distribution of insects colonizing ground-placed and hung decomposing domestic piglets (Sus domesticus) carcasses. \u0000Place and Duration: Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Abia State, Nigeria. \u0000Study carried out in two seasons: July to September, 2019 (wet), and January to March, 2020 (dry). \u0000Methodology: Four healthy piglets with average weight of 3.73 kg were sacrificed for the trial by dislocating their cervical vertebrate (to mimic natural death), and put in cages. Two were placed on the ground, whereas the other two were hung on a tree. Data on arthropod populations, temperature, weights and decomposition stages and rates of carcasses were collected. Statistical tests were performed to evaluate insect species distribution and their relationships with the carcasses. \u0000Results: Irrespective of placement, more insects were counted during the dry (655.20) than wet (529.96) seasons but not statistically different. The distribution of insects’ taxa showed Musca spp. (37.09 %), Chrysomya spp. (12.97 %), Pheidole spp. (12.09), Componotus spp. (9.69 %), Monomorium spp. (6.04 %) in seventeen genera, ten families in four orders.  The relationship between insects’ abundance and mean weight were significantly (P = 0.05) negative (-0.53) and (-0.96) in the ground-place carcasses in the wet and dry seasons, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: Results show that Musca spp. was the predominant species and Dysdercus spp. was the least throughout the decomposition period. Higher number of insects were counted from the carcasses in the dry than wet seasons. Insects’ abundance increases as the carcasses’ weights decreased.","PeriodicalId":505151,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Current Research International","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Snapping Roller Parameters on Maize Harvesting","authors":"P. J., Pankaj Gupta, P. R. Balas, V. U. Bambhaniya, K. L. Dabhi, R. C. Salunkhe","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5733","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of maize harvesting is significantly impacted by the parameters of snapping rollers, which have a crucial function in separating maize ears from the stalks. The present study examines the influence of several snapping roller parameters, such as rotational speed, roller spacing, and surface properties, on the efficiency of maize harvesting. The paper provides a detailed examination of the advancements in snapping roller technology, focusing on improvements that seek to optimize performance and minimize harm to crops. The research highlights significant obstacles, including the need for wear resistance, careful material selection, and the capacity to adapt to various maize kinds. The suggested solutions to these difficulties include the use of improved materials, optimal roller designs, and adaptive control systems. Addressing these difficulties may lead to a substantial improvement in the efficiency and sustainability of maize harvesting operations, as shown by the data. This study offers vital insights for the development of more efficient and durable maize harvesting machinery, eventually leading to enhanced agricultural output and food security.","PeriodicalId":505151,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Current Research International","volume":"62 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141353442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Levering Technology for Sustainable Development in Agricultural Extension Program","authors":"Ramesh Chand Bunkar, Ananda K R, Kapil Kumar, Baisakhee Sadangi, Bandana Shahu Gupta, D. R. K. Saikanth, Anoop Shukla","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5731","url":null,"abstract":"The transformative potential of technology in agricultural extension programs and its implications for sustainable development. By integrating technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, blockchain, and precision farming tools, agricultural practices can be significantly improved in terms of efficiency, productivity, and sustainability. The discussion is organized into a comprehensive framework that examines successful implementations and outcomes in both developed and developing regions, highlighting case studies that demonstrate the beneficial impacts of technology on farming. Key challenges such as the digital divide, financial constraints, policy and regulatory hurdles, and environmental considerations are critically analyzed to understand the barriers to technology adoption and effective integration. Recommendations are made for policy adjustments, the deployment of inclusive technology strategies, and considerations for long-term sustainability to ensure that these technological advancements contribute effectively to global food security and adhere to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Additionally, future directions are suggested, focusing on emerging technologies like next-generation biotechnologies and their potential impacts. The paper concludes that while the introduction of innovative technologies in agricultural extension holds great promise for transforming agricultural practices, a balanced approach is required. This approach should not only embrace technological innovation but also address the socio-economic and environmental challenges associated with technology adoption. Through strategic policy frameworks, tailored technology solutions, and ongoing support for capacity building, technology can be effectively leveraged to enhance agricultural productivity and sustainability, thereby supporting the broader objectives of economic stability, environmental stewardship, and social equity in rural communities worldwide. The insights provided in this paper are intended to guide policymakers, stakeholders, and practitioners in the agricultural sector towards more effective and sustainable integration of technology in agricultural extension services.","PeriodicalId":505151,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Current Research International","volume":"12 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141360573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Oral Hygiene to Cognitive Health: Examining the Relationship between Periodontal Disease and Alzheimer's","authors":"Yann Nobre Viana, Richelly Maria Rodrigues Holanda, Matéus Simplício Araújo, Francisco Cesar Barroso Barbosa","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5732","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study was to review the literature in an integrative way, looking for scientific evidence to see if there is a relationship between periodontal disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). \u0000Study Design: Review the literature in an integrative. \u0000Methodology: The search was carried out on the VHL Regional Portal with articles published in English, Spanish and Portuguese. 169 articles were found between 2021 and 2023. Of this total, 106 were excluded, 5 for being duplicates and 101 for not meeting the inclusion criteria. Of the studies analyzed, most report evidence of an association between PD and AD, with Phorphyromonas gingivalis (PG) as the common pathogen in both conditions. \u0000Results: The results revealed four aspects: a) PG and other periodontopathogens (PP) play a role in the systemic inflammation process that accelerates the onset and progression of AD; b) even given the link between the oral-brain aetiological axis hypothesis of a brain degeneration syndrome such as AD, it is still necessary to further investigate the role of PP and PG (multimicrobial hypothesis) in the pathogenesis and worsening of AD; c) PD represents a factor in the progression of AD via induced pathogenic bacteria, since these individuals may have poor oral hygiene care, due to forgetfulness or less manual dexterity; d) Age and gender are important variables to consider when assessing the association between PD and AD. \u0000Conclusion: Thus, we can infer that despite the number of studies observed through this integrative review, there is still not enough research with a high level of scientific evidence on this association. Thus, new studies with greater methodological rigor in terms of the methods applied and the criteria for diagnosing the pathologies need to be carried out in order to obtain a better understanding of the relationship between PD and AD.","PeriodicalId":505151,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Current Research International","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141357110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-Efficacy Evaluation of Herbicides for Weed Management in Rabi Onion","authors":"B.S. Gohil, B.P. Solanki, M.R. Kadivar, R.R. Donga","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5730","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment entitled “Bio-efficacy evaluation of herbicides for weed management in rabi onion” was conducted at Weed Control Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh (Gujarat) during the rabi season of 2021-22 on medium black calcareous soil. The experiment comprising 14 treatments was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. The results revealed that next to weed-free treatment, tank-mix pendimethalin 450 g/ha + oxyfluorfen 120 g/ha as pre-planting fb HW at 40 DATP, tank-mix pendimethalin 450 g/ha + oxyfluorfen 120 g/ha as pre-planting fb pre-mix propaquizafop + oxyfluorfen 43.75+105 g/ha at 40 DATP and tank-mix pendimethalin 450 g/ha + oxyfluorfen 120 g/ha as pre-planting fb pre-mix quizalofop + oxyfluorfen 100 g/ha at 40 DATP control of complex weed flora, reduced population and dry matter of weeds and having less reduction in yield due to better control of weeds, less crop-weed competition, higher weed control efficiency.","PeriodicalId":505151,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Current Research International","volume":" 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141366264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chitosan: A Versatile Bio Polysaccharide with Potential Applications in the Food Industry","authors":"K. Soujanya, Meduri Swapna Sree, Butti Prabhakar, T. Supraja, P. Yasaswini","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5729","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5729","url":null,"abstract":"Chitin is the first identified, renewable and 2nd most prevalent polysaccharide after the cellulose on the earth. It serves as a primary component of fungi cell walls, exoskeletons of arthropods, insects, molluscs, scales of fish and cephalopod beaks. Chitosan is linear deacetylated polysaccharide form of chitin, composed of glucosamine and N-acetyl glucosamine residues linked by β-1,4 bonds. Network of molecules involved rather than just one polymer, which differ in their size, composition, monomer distribution and these properties influence the physicochemical, technical and biological performance of the polymer. Since 1970, chitosan has attracted various scientific and industrial attention because of its unique macromolecular structure, biodegradability, biocompatibility and its potential intrinsic functional characteristics such as antiviral, active element of the diet for weight loss, anticancer, antifungal activity, antimicrobial properties. Chitosan and its derivatives have a wider spectrum of applications in medicine, pharmacy, agriculture, textiles and food industries. Within the health sector, chitin and its derivatives are employed as functional fibers since they possess prebiotic properties, lower blood LDL cholesterol, improve (ameliorate, enhance) glucose intolerance, boost insulin production, alleviate dyslipidemia, and safeguard gut integrity. These unique and excellent structural properties (qualities, attributes) of chitosan and its derivatives permits chitosan for unlimited food applications.","PeriodicalId":505151,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Current Research International","volume":" 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal and Antibiofilm Activities of Ozonated Sunflower Oil against Candida albicans Strains: A Pilot Study and Clinical Perspectives","authors":"Matéus Simplício Araújo, Júlio César Sousa Prado, Francisca Lidiane Linhares de Aguiar, Flávia de Araújo Silva, Yann Nobre Viana, Joelson Pessoa Dantas, Ana Paula Anzolin, Poliana Lima Bastos, R. Fontenelle, Francisco Cesar Barroso Barbosa","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5726","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study aimed to assess the antifungal and antibiofilm activities of ozonized (OGOZ) and non-ozonized (OG) Helianthus annuus (sunflower) oil against Candida albicans strains. \u0000Study Design: Laboratory-based study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Microbiology Laboratory of the Federal University of Ceará and State University of Vale do Acaraú, from August 2023 to Decembrer of the same year. \u0000Methodology: Seven clinical strains and one reference strain (ATCC 90028) were examined. Initially, antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using a modified disk diffusion method with both OGOZ and OG. Strains that displayed sensitivity were then subjected to a broth microdilution assay to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC). The biofilm assay was conducted specifically with the C. albicans reference strain. \u0000Results: AST results showed that all strains exhibited inhibition zones with OGOZ, while non-ozonized oil did not produce inhibition zones. MIC values ranged from 0.15 to 2.50 mg/mL, with one clinical strain (LABMIC H10) demonstrating an MIC value 16 times lower than other strains. None of the strains reached MFC at the tested concentrations. In terms of biofilm formation, application of MIC and twice the MIC resulted in a 48,6% and 85% reduction in mature biofilms, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: The findings indicate that OGOZ has fungistatic and antibiofilm effects, highlighting its potential as a promising agent for bioprospecting. Further clinical trials are essential to evaluate its therapeutic potential for managing infectious diseases such as oral candidiasis.","PeriodicalId":505151,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Current Research International","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141371455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of Processing Parameters for Mechanized Production of Thabdi","authors":"Kinjal Baldha, S. Patel, Arpita M. Rathva, Suneeta Pinto","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5728","url":null,"abstract":"Present investigation has been aimed to study the effect of various processing parameters for mechanized production of Thabdi. The mechanized system based on steam jacketed kettle was used to manufacture Thabdi. Trials were conducted with different operating conditions with batch size of 6 kg milk. In research trials operation conditions were studied at steam pressure (0.8 kg/cm2, 1.5 kg/cm2, 2.0 kg/cm2) and scraper speed (15,20 and 25 rpm) for first and second stage, while (2.0 and 2.5 kg/cm2) steam pressure and (10 and 15 rpm) for last stages in mechanized kettle. Optimization of process parameters of product manufacturing was done by judging sensory attributes of final product. The sensory quality of Thabdi was found superior by adopting steam pressure 1.5 kg/cm2, scraper speed 25 rpm and batch size 6 kg during first and second stage. The third stage involved quiescent holding for fixed period of time. For the fourth stage, steam pressure 2.5 kg/cm2, scraper speed 10 rpm and batch size 6 kg were optimized for manufacture of Thabdi. In present study also compare the product manufactured under optimized conditions were compared with market sample, and it showed better results in terms of cost and sensory attributes.","PeriodicalId":505151,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Current Research International","volume":"15 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}