ERJ Open Research最新文献

{"title":"The science behind the nose: correlating volatile organic compound characterization with canine biodetection of COVID-19","authors":"M. Charles, Dorota Ruszkiewicz, Eric J Eckbo, Elizabeth Bryce, T. Zurberg, Austin Meister, L. Aksu, Leonardo Navas, Renelle Myers","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00007-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00007-2024","url":null,"abstract":"The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic stimulated the advancement and research in the field of canine scent detection of COVID-19 and volatile organic compound (VOC) breath sampling. It remains unclear which VOCs are associated with positive canine alerts. This study aimed to confirm that the training aids used for COVID-19 canine scent detection were indeed releasing discriminant COVID-19 VOCs detectable and identifiable by gas chromatography (GC-MS).Inexperienced dogs (two Labradors and one English Springer Spaniel) were trained over 19 weeks to discriminate between COVID-19 infected and uninfected individuals and then independently validated. Getxent® tubes, impregnated with the odours from clinical gargle samples, used during the canines’ maintenance training process were also analysed using GC-MS.Three dogs were successfully trained to detect COVID-19. A PCA-X model was created and confirmed the ability to discriminate between VOCs from positive and negative COVID-19 Getxent® tubes with a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 77%. Two VOCs were found to be very predictive of positive COVID-19 cases. When comparing the dogs with GC-MS, F1 and MCC correlation scores of 0.69 and 0.37, were observed respectively, demonstrating good concordance between the two methods.This study provides analytical confirmation that canine training aids can be safely and reliably produced with good discrimination between positive samples and negative controls. It is also a further step towards better understanding of canine odour discrimination of COVID-19 as the scent of interest and defining what VOC elements the canines interpret as “essential”.","PeriodicalId":504874,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140713134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home spirometry appears accurate and feasible for monitoring chronic respiratory disease","authors":"Caitlin L. Wilson, Claire McLaughlin, A. Cairncross, Eli Gabbay, P. B. Noble, John D Blakey, Alice L Crawford","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00937-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00937-2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":504874,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140713203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untargeted metabolomic analysis reveals different metabolites associated with response to mepolizumab and omalizumab in asthma","authors":"T. Nopsopon, Yulu Chen, Qingwen Chen, Craig E. Wheelock, Scott. T. Weiss, M. McGeachie, Jessica Lasky-Su, A. Akenroye","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00931-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00931-2023","url":null,"abstract":"There is limited evidence on biomarkers associated with response to the monoclonal antibodies currently approved for asthma treatment. We sought to identify circulatory metabolites associated with response to treatment with mepolizumab or omalizumab.We conducted global metabolomic profiling of pre-treatment plasma samples from 100 patients with moderate-to-severe asthma who initiated mepolizumab (n=31) or omalizumab (n=69). The primary outcome was the change in exacerbations within 12 months of therapy. Negative binomial models were used to assess the association between each metabolite and exacerbations adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, baseline exacerbations, and inhaled corticosteroid use. Chemical Similarity Enrichment Analysis (ChemRICH) was conducted to identify chemical subclasses associated with treatment response.The mean age of the mepolizumab group was 58.7 years and 2.9 exacerbations over the year prior to initiation of biologic therapy. The mean age in the omalizumab group was 48.8 years with 1.5 exacerbations in the preceding year. Patients with higher levels of two tocopherol metabolites were associated with more exacerbations on mepolizumab (delta-carboxyethyl hydroxychroman (CEHC) (p=2.65E-05, false discovery rate (FDR=0.01) and delta-CEHC glucuronide (p=2.47E-06, FDR=0.003)). Higher levels of six androgenic steroids, three carnitine metabolites and two bile acid metabolites were associated with decreased exacerbations in the omalizumab group. In enrichment analyses, xanthine metabolites (cluster FDR=0.0006), and tocopherol metabolites (cluster FDR=0.02) were associated with worse mepolizumab response while androgenic steroids (cluster FDR=1.9E-18), pregnenolone steroids (cluster p=3.2E-07, FDR=1.4E-05), and secondary bile acid metabolites (cluster p=0.0003, FDR=0.006) were the top subclasses associated with better omalizumab response.This study identifies distinct metabolites associated with response to mepolizumab and omalizumab, with androgenic steroids associated with response to both mepolizumab and omalizumab.","PeriodicalId":504874,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140715605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platythorax increases residual volume/total lung capacity in idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis","authors":"Yoshiaki Kinoshita, Shota Takenaka, Kengo Takata, Takuhide Utsunomiya, Yohei Koide, Kenji Wada, Yuji Yoshida, Shota Nakashima, H. Kushima, Hiroshi Ishii","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00996-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00996-2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":504874,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HLA-G14 bp variant is associated with exercise-induced oxygen desaturation in the post-COVID-19 condition","authors":"I. Fricke-Galindo, Paola Montoya-Angulo, I. Buendía-Roldán, G. Pérez-Rubio, L. Chávez-Galán, R. Falfán-Valencia","doi":"10.1183/23120541.01038-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.01038-2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":504874,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140742890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating biomarkers and progression of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: data from the INMARK trial","authors":"Toby M. Maher, R. G. Jenkins, Vincent Cottin, Yasuhiko Nishioka, Imre Noth, M. Selman, Jin Woo Song, Carina Ittrich, C. Diefenbach, S. Stowasser, Eric S White","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00335-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00335-2023","url":null,"abstract":"We used data from the INMARK trial to investigate associations between circulating biomarkers of extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover, inflammation, and epithelial dysfunction and disease progression in subjects with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).Subjects with IPF and FVC ≥80% predicted were randomised 1:2 to receive nintedanib 150 mg bid or placebo for 12 weeks followed by open-label nintedanib for 40 weeks. Associations between baseline biomarker levels and the proportion of subjects with disease progression (decline in FVC ≥10% predicted or death) over 52 weeks were assessed in subjects randomised to placebo using logistic regression. Associations between baseline demographic/clinical characteristics and biomarker levels and disease progression over 52 weeks were analysed using multivariate models.Of 230 subjects who received placebo for 12 weeks then open-label nintedanib for 40 weeks, 70 (30.4%) had disease progression over 52 weeks. Baseline levels of CRPM, C3M, CRP, KL-6 and SP-D were not significantly associated with disease progression over 52 weeks in analyses corrected for multiple comparisons. In models including only baseline demographic/clinical characteristics, 61.2% to 64.2% of subjects were correctly classified as having or not having disease progression over 52 weeks. When both demographic/clinical characteristics and biomarker levels were included in the models, 50.0% to 64.5% of the test set were correctly classified.Among subjects with IPF and preserved FVC, multivariate models based on demographic/clinical characteristics and biomarker levels at baseline did not provide an accurate prediction of which patients would progress.","PeriodicalId":504874,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140743099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of respiratory oscillometry and spirometry in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: performance time, symptom burden and test-retest reliability","authors":"S. Patel, Karl P. Sylvester, Zhe Wu, Serena Rhamie, Peter Dickel, Toby M. Maher, P. Molyneaux, P. Calverley, W. Man","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00227-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00227-2024","url":null,"abstract":"In large multinational patient surveys, spirometry (which requires repeated, reproducible maximal efforts) can be associated with cough, breathlessness and tiredness, particularly in those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Oscillometry is an effort-independent test of airways resistance and reactance. We hypothesised that oscillometry would take less time to perform and would be associated with reduced symptom burden than spirometry.Spirometry and oscillometry were performed in sixty-six participants with IPF and repeated two weeks later. We compared time taken to perform tests, symptom burden and test-retest reliability with Bland-Altman plots and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).Oscillometry took significantly less time to perform than spirometry (mean (99% CI) −4.5 (−6.0 to −3.0) minutes) and was associated with lower symptom burden scores for cough (−1.3 (−1.7 to −0.8)), breathlessness (−1.0 (−1.4 to −0.5)), and tiredness (−0.5 (−0.9 to −0.2)). On Bland-Altman analysis, all measures showed good agreement, with narrow limits of agreement and the mean bias lying close to 0 in all cases. The ICC for Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) were 0.94 and 0.89, and ranged between 0.70 and 0.90 for oscillometry measures.Oscillometry is quicker to perform and provokes less symptoms than spirometry in patients with IPF.","PeriodicalId":504874,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of viral filters on accuracy of cardiopulmonary testing and spirometry","authors":"Sing-Ya Chang, Yi-Ting Chiu, Kuo-Cheng Liu, Meng-Ting Wei, Shu-Chun Huang","doi":"10.1183/23120541.01018-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.01018-2023","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":504874,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140220995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"START CARE: a protocol for an RCT of step-wise budesonide-formoterol reliever-based treatment in children","authors":"Tasmin Barry, M. Holliday, J. Sparks, Rowan Biggs, Atalie Colman, Rebekah Lamb, K. Oldfield, Nick Shortt, Kyley Kerse, John Martindale, A. Eathorne, Michaela Walton, Bianca Black, M. Harwood, P. Bruce, Ruth Semprini, Andrew Bush, Louise J. Fleming, Catherine A. Byrnes, David McNamara, L. Hatter, Stuart R. Dalziel, M. Weatherall, R. Beasley","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00897-2023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00897-2023","url":null,"abstract":"Asthma is the most common chronic childhood respiratory condition globally. Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)-formoterol reliever-based regimens reduce the risk of asthma exacerbations compared with conventional short-acting beta2-agonist (SABA) reliever-based regimens in adults and adolescents. The current limited evidence for anti-inflammatory reliever (AIR) therapy in children means it is unknown whether these findings are also applicable to children. High-quality randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are needed.The study aim is to determine the efficacy and safety of budesonide-formoterol reliever alone or maintenance and reliever therapy (MART) compared with standard therapy: budesonide or budesonide-formoterol maintenance, both with terbutaline reliever, in children aged 5 to 11 years with mild, moderate and severe asthma.A 52 week, multicentre, open-label, parallel group, phase III, two-sided superiority RCT will recruit 400 children aged 5 to 11 years with asthma. Participants will be randomised 1:1 to either budesonide-formoterol 100/6 µg Turbuhaler reliever alone or MART; or budesonide or budesonide-formoterol Turbuhaler maintenance, with terbutaline Turbuhaler reliever. The primary outcome is moderate and severe asthma exacerbations as rate per participant per year. Secondary outcomes are asthma control, lung function, exhaled nitric oxide and treatment step change. Assessment of Turbuhaler technique and cost-effectiveness analysis are also planned.This will be the first RCT to compare the efficacy and safety of a step-wise budesonide-formoterol reliever alone or MART regimen with conventional inhaled ICS or ICS-long-acting beta-agonist (LABA) maintenance plus SABA reliever in children. The results will provide a much-needed evidence base for the treatment of asthma in children.","PeriodicalId":504874,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140223478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large airway wall vascularity in patients with Asthma COPD overlap: a bronchoscopy study","authors":"Surajit Dey, Wenying Lu, H.C. Weber, C. Chia, P. Pathinayake, Peter A B Wark, M. Eapen, S. Sohal","doi":"10.1183/23120541.00002-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00002-2024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":504874,"journal":{"name":"ERJ Open Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140221341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}