European Review of Aging and Physical Activity最新文献

{"title":"The age-related decline in spatiotemporal gait characteristics is moderated by concerns of falling, history of falls & diseases, and sociodemographic-anthropometric characteristics in 60-94 years old adults.","authors":"Daniel Niederer,&nbsp;Tobias Engeroff,&nbsp;Johannes Fleckenstein,&nbsp;Oliver Vogel,&nbsp;Lutz Vogt","doi":"10.1186/s11556-021-00275-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-021-00275-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Associations between age, concerns or history of falling, and various gait parameters are evident. Limited research, however, exists on how such variables moderate the age-related decline in gait characteristics. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the moderating effects of concerns of falling (formerly referred to as fear of falling), history of falls & diseases, and sociodemographic characteristics on changes in gait characteristics with increasing age in the elderly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this individual participant level data re-analysis, data from 198 participants (n = 125 females) from 60 to 94 years of age were analysed (mean 73.9, standard deviation 7.7 years). Dependent variables were major spatiotemporal gait characteristics, assessed using a capacitive force measurement platform (zebris FDM-T). Age (independent variable) and the moderating variables concerns of falling (FES-I), gender/sex, history of falls and fall-related medical records, number of drugs daily taken, and body mass index were used in the statistical analysis. Hierarchical linear mixed moderation models (multilevel analysis) with stepwise (forward) modelling were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Decreases of gait speed (estimate = -.03, equals a decrease of 0.03 m/s per year of ageing), absolute (- 1.4) and gait speed-normalized (-.52) stride length, step width (-.08), as well as increases in speed normalized cadence (.65) and gait speed variability (.15) are all age-related (each p < .05). Overall and specific situation-related concerns of falling (estimates: -.0012 to -.07) were significant moderators. History of potentially gait- and/or falls-affecting diseases accelerated the age-related decline in gait speed (-.002) and its variability (.03). History of falls was, although non-significant, a relevant moderator (in view of increasing the model fit) for cadence (.058) and gait speed (-.0027). Sociodemographics and anthropometrics showed further moderating effects (sex moderated the ageing effect on stride length, .08; height moderated the effect on the normalised stride length, .26; BMI moderated the effects on step width, .003). .</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Age-related decline in spatiotemporal gait characteristics is moderated by concerns of falling, (non-significantly) by history of falls, significantly by history of diseases, and sociodemographic characteristics in 60-94 years old adults. Knowing the interactive contributions to gait impairments could be helpful for tailoring interventions for the prevention of falls.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Re-analysis of [21-24].</p>","PeriodicalId":50477,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Aging and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8493753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39487180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ability to increase the base of support and recover stability is limited in its generalisation for different balance perturbation tasks.","authors":"Jil Bosquée,&nbsp;Julian Werth,&nbsp;Gaspar Epro,&nbsp;Thorben Hülsdünker,&nbsp;Wolfgang Potthast,&nbsp;Kenneth Meijer,&nbsp;Rolf Ellegast,&nbsp;Kiros Karamanidis","doi":"10.1186/s11556-021-00274-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-021-00274-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The assessment of stability recovery performance following perturbations contributes to the determination of fall resisting skills. This study investigated the association between stability recovery performances in two perturbation tasks (lean-and-release versus tripping).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy adults (12 young: 24 ± 3 years; 21 middle-aged: 53 ± 5 years; 11 old: 72 ± 5 years) were suddenly released from a forward-inclined position attempting to recover stability with a single step. In a second task, all participants experienced a mechanically induced trip during treadmill walking. To assess dynamic stability performance, the antero-posterior margin of stability (MoS), the base of support (BoS), and the rate of increase in BoS were determined at each foot touchdown (TD) for both tasks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only weak to moderate correlations in dynamic stability performance parameters were found between the two tasks (0.568 > r > 0.305, 0.001 < p < 0.04). A separation of participants according to the number of steps required to regain stability in the lean-and-release task revealed that multiple- (more than one step) compared to single-steppers showed a significantly lower MoS at TD (p = 0.003; g = 1.151), lower BoS at TD (p = 0.019; g = 0.888) and lower rate of increase in BoS until TD (p = 0.002; g = 1.212) after release. Despite these profound subgroup differences in the lean-and-release task, no differences between multiple- and single-steppers were observed in the stability recovery performance during tripping.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results provide evidence that the ability to effectively control dynamic stability following a sudden balance disturbance in adults across a wide age range is limited in its generalisation for different perturbation tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":50477,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Aging and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8493681/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39491164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of physical exercise on working memory in older adults: a systematic and meta-analytic review.","authors":"Cai Zhidong,&nbsp;Xing Wang,&nbsp;Jilin Yin,&nbsp;Dehai Song,&nbsp;Zhitong Chen","doi":"10.1186/s11556-021-00272-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-021-00272-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This systematic and meta-analytic review aimed to investigate the effects of physical exercise on the working memory of older adults, and to identify the moderators of these effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched six electronic databases for randomized controlled trials on the effects of physical exercise on working memory that were published before or on May 15, 2020. The PEDro scale was used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies. Stata 14.0 software was used to perform the meta-analysis, subgroup analysis, and publication bias testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 28 studies and 2156 participants were included. The methodological quality of the included studies was fair to excellent, and there was no publication bias. Overall, we found that physical exercise had a significant effect on working memory in older adults (standardized mean difference = 0.30, p < 0.0001). The effects of physical exercise on working memory were moderated by exercise frequency, intensity, type, duration, cognitive status, and control subgroup (active/passive), but not by intervention period or age of participant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Physical exercise can effectively improve the working memory of older adults. The recommended physical exercise is multi-component exercise or mind-body exercise of moderate intensity for 45-60 min 3 times a week, for more than 6 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":50477,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Aging and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8447686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39427822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An interrater reliability study of gait analysis systems with the dual task paradigm in healthy young and older adults.","authors":"Thomas Jürgen Klotzbier,&nbsp;Bettina Wollesen,&nbsp;Oliver Vogel,&nbsp;Julian Rudisch,&nbsp;Thomas Cordes,&nbsp;Thomas Jöllenbeck,&nbsp;Lutz Vogt","doi":"10.1186/s11556-021-00271-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-021-00271-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>One reason for the controversial discussion of whether the dual task (DT) walking paradigm has an added value for diagnosis in clinical conditions might be the use of different gait measurement systems. Therefore, the purpose was 1) to detect DT effects of central gait parameters obtained from five different gait analysis devices in young and old adults, 2) to assess the consistency of the measurement systems, and 3) to determine if the absolut and proportional DT costs (DTC) are greater than the system-measurement error under ST.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve old (72.2 ± 7.9y) and 14 young adults (28.3 ± 6.2y) walked a 14.7-m distance under ST and DT at a self-selected gait velocity. Interrater reliability, precision of the measurement and sensitivity to change were calculated under ST and DT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An age effect was observed in almost all gait parameters for the ST condition. For DT only differences for stride length (p < .029, ɳ²_p = .239) as well as single and double limb support (p = .036, ɳ²_p = .227; p = .034, ɳ²_p = .218) remained. The measurement systems showed a lower absolute agreement compared to consistency across all systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>When reporting DT effects, the real changes in performance and random measurement errors should always be accounted for. These findings have strong implications for interpreting DT effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":50477,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Aging and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s11556-021-00271-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39272208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional capacity and dual-task cost in the institutionalized older adults, both affected and unaffected by mild cognitive impairment.","authors":"Marek Zak,&nbsp;Szymon Krupnik,&nbsp;Waldemar Brola,&nbsp;Dorota Rebak,&nbsp;Tomasz Sikorski,&nbsp;Frederic Dutheil,&nbsp;Jaroslaw Andrychowski,&nbsp;Daniel Courteix","doi":"10.1186/s11556-021-00270-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-021-00270-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) affects 10-20% of the individuals over the age of 65; this proportion being higher in the institutional care facilities than within a general population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess whether dual-task cost in the individuals affected by MCI depends exclusively on gait, or possibly some other functional capacity components might also come into play, as compared to the healthy controls also remaining in the institutional care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in five nursing facilities, involving 88 subjects in total, i.e. 44 subjects affected by MCI (mean age of 83.8 years; 34 women (77.3%) and 10 men (22.7%), and 44 healthy controls (mean age 81.67 years; 38 women (84.4%) and 7 men (15.6%). Cognitive functions were assessed through Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), while gait by Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT). Gait speed was calculated by the 10 Meter Walk Test, and the fear of falling with the Falls Efficacy Scale International. Dual tasks were assessed by TUGT_MAN (Timed Up and Go Test Manual) and TUG_COG (Timed Up and Go Test Cognitive). Dual Task Cost (DTC) of TUGT_MAN and TUGT_COG was established. Statistical analyses were completed with STATISTICA Package v. 10.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals affected by MCI differed significantly from the unaffected ones with regard to their gait test results, when assigned a single-task activity, and dual-task activities, as well as in the gait speed. Dual Task Cost Manual (DTC_MAN) in the MCI group was significantly higher, as compared to the subjects unaffected by MCI. Around 25% of the variance of DTC_MAN result regarding the MCI group was accounted for by gait performance in the single-task conditions (TUGT). In the case of Dual Task Cost Cognitive (DTC_COG), this value equalled to approx. 10%. A 1% change in DTC_MAN corresponded to approx. 0.5 s change in TUGT, whereas a 1% change in DTC_COG entailed approx. 0.35 s change in TUGT walking time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Individual functional capacity affected the dual-task performance, especially the motor-motor tasks. Dual-task cost in the subjects affected by MCI was significantly reduced, being more dependent on the gait speed in the motor-motor tasks, which entailed visual memory, than in the motor-cognitive tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":50477,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Aging and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s11556-021-00270-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39177655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensor-based fall risk assessment in older adults with or without cognitive impairment: a systematic review.","authors":"Jelena Bezold, Janina Krell-Roesch, Tobias Eckert, Darko Jekauc, Alexander Woll","doi":"10.1186/s11556-021-00266-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s11556-021-00266-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Higher age and cognitive impairment are associated with a higher risk of falling. Wearable sensor technology may be useful in objectively assessing motor fall risk factors to improve physical exercise interventions for fall prevention. This systematic review aims at providing an updated overview of the current research on wearable sensors for fall risk assessment in older adults with or without cognitive impairment. Therefore, we addressed two specific research questions: 1) Can wearable sensors provide accurate data on motor performance that may be used to assess risk of falling, e.g., by distinguishing between faller and non-faller in a sample of older adults with or without cognitive impairment?; and 2) Which practical recommendations can be given for the application of sensor-based fall risk assessment in individuals with CI? A systematic literature search (July 2019, update July 2020) was conducted using PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Community-based studies or studies conducted in a geriatric setting that examine fall risk factors in older adults (aged ≥60 years) with or without cognitive impairment were included. Predefined inclusion criteria yielded 16 cross-sectional, 10 prospective and 2 studies with a mixed design.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, sensor-based data was mainly collected during walking tests in a lab setting. The main sensor location was the lower back to provide wearing comfort and avoid disturbance of participants. The most accurate fall risk classification model included data from sit-to-walk and walk-to-sit transitions collected over three days of daily life (mean accuracy = 88.0%). Nine out of 28 included studies revealed information about sensor use in older adults with possible cognitive impairment, but classification models performed slightly worse than those for older adults without cognitive impairment (mean accuracy = 79.0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fall risk assessment using wearable sensors is feasible in older adults regardless of their cognitive status. Accuracy may vary depending on sensor location, sensor attachment and type of assessment chosen for the recording of sensor data. More research on the use of sensors for objective fall risk assessment in older adults is needed, particularly in older adults with cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This systematic review is registered in PROSPERO ( CRD42020171118 ).</p>","PeriodicalId":50477,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Aging and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8272315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39170798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual socioeconomic and neighborhood factors predict changes in sports activity during the transition to retirement.","authors":"Dorothee Jürgens,&nbsp;Benjamin Schüz","doi":"10.1186/s11556-021-00268-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-021-00268-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are substantial socioeconomic status (SES) differences in sports activity (SA) during the transition to retirement. In line with social-ecological models, the aim of this longitudinal study was to examine the association of perceptions of social and physical neighborhood factors with changes in SA across the retirement transition and to examine potential interactions with SES factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 6 waves of the German Ageing Survey (DEAS) provided 710 participants (at baseline: mean age 61.1, 52.9% of men) who retired between baseline (1996, 2002, 2008, 2011) and their 6-year follow-up assessment. Associations between changes in SA (increases and decreases compared to retaining) and individual SES and neighborhood factors were estimated using multinomial logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increases were observed in 18.45% of participants, decreases in 10%. Occupational prestige was a risk factor for decreases, education a resource for increases in SA. Interactions between household income and several neighborhood factors were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In line with social-ecological models, individual, neighborhood factors and interacting associations were found. In particular safety perceptions could be a resource for promotion SA in older adults who experience disadvantage.</p>","PeriodicalId":50477,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Aging and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s11556-021-00268-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39065739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Bone mineral density in elite masters athletes: the effect of body composition and long-term exercise.","authors":"Anna Kopiczko,&nbsp;Jakub Grzegorz Adamczyk,&nbsp;Karol Gryko,&nbsp;Marek Popowczak","doi":"10.1186/s11556-021-00267-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-021-00267-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50477,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Aging and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s11556-021-00267-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39146062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The MIPAM trial - motivational interviewing and physical activity monitoring to enhance the daily level of physical activity among older adults - a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Rasmus Tolstrup Larsen,&nbsp;Christoffer Bruun Korfitsen,&nbsp;Camilla Keller,&nbsp;Jan Christensen,&nbsp;Henning Boje Andersen,&nbsp;Carsten Juhl,&nbsp;Henning Langberg","doi":"10.1186/s11556-021-00269-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-021-00269-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>One in four older adults in Denmark and almost half of the very old above 75 do not meet the World Health Organization's recommendations for a minimum of physical activity (PA). A cost-efficient and effective way to increase focus on and motivation for daily walking might be to use Physical Activity Monitors (PAMs) in combination with behavioural change intervention. Thus, the objective of this randomized controlled study was to investigate the effect of Motivational Interviewing (MI) as an add-on intervention to a PAM-based intervention measured in community-dwelling older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This two-arm parallel group randomized controlled effectiveness trial compared a 12-weeks PAM-based intervention with additional MI (PAM+MI group) with a PAM-based intervention alone (PAM group). The primary outcome, average daily step count, was analysed with a linear regression model, adjusted for sex and baseline daily step count. Following the intention-to-treat principle, multiple imputation based on baseline step count, sex and age was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 38 participants were randomized to the PAM intervention and 32 to the PAM+MI intervention arm. During the intervention period, PAM+MI participants walked on average 909 more steps per day than PAM participants, however insignificant (95%CI: - 71; 1889) and reported 2.3 points less on the UCLA Loneliness Scale (95%CI: - 4.5; - 1.24).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of MI, in addition to a PAM-based intervention among older adults in PA promoting interventions hold a potential clinically relevant effect on physical activity and should thus be investigated further with adequately powered RCTs.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This study was pre-registered in the clinicaltrials.gov database with identifier: NCT03906162 .</p>","PeriodicalId":50477,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Aging and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s11556-021-00269-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39145247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saving lives through life-threatening measures? The COVID-19 paradox of infection prevention in long-term care facilities.","authors":"Ansgar Thiel,&nbsp;Dorothee Altmeier,&nbsp;Annika Frahsa,&nbsp;Gerhard W Eschweiler,&nbsp;Andreas Nieß,&nbsp;Gorden Sudeck","doi":"10.1186/s11556-021-00265-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s11556-021-00265-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current SARS Cov-2 infection control measures have paradoxical effects. On the one hand, the lockdown measures help to protect vulnerable populations in particular. On the other hand, these measures inevitably have the effect that those who are to be protected not only become socially isolated and are exposed to enormous psychological stress, but also break down physically due to inactivity. Thus, the activation that is omitted in the lockdown is not compensated by external reference groups, which also indicates that important conditions for healthy ageing are not given in long-term care facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":50477,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Aging and Physical Activity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s11556-021-00265-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39093597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}