CHEMISTRY PROGRESS最新文献

{"title":"Karakterisasi Serat Pangan dan Penyerapan Ion Nitrit dari Serbuk Ampas Kelapa","authors":"Ananda Natalia, Harry S. J. Koleangan, E. Suryanto","doi":"10.35799/cp.17.1.2024.54313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/cp.17.1.2024.54313","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000A research was performed on the characterization of dietary fiber and the absorption activity of nitrite ions by coconut dregs powder. This research aimed to determine the characteristics of coconut dregs dietary fiber and the absorption activity of nitrite ions from coconut dregs powder. This research consisted of several stages, which were preparation through heating at 200 oC for 60 minutes (AK60), 120 minutes (AK120), and 180 minutes (AK180), determining the absorption capacity of nitrite ions, characterization of coconut dregs powder, determining the total phenolic content, determining the dietary fiber, and determination of nitrite ion absorption capacity. The results of the analysis showed that heated coconut dregs had the highest insoluble dietary fiber content, namely 67.77% in samples that were air-dried for 3 days (AK0) and the lowest 54.78% in AK180, the highest soluble dietary fiber was 23.31% in AK0 and the lowest was 1.41% in AK180, and the highest total dietary fiber was 70.08% in AK0 and the lowest was 56.19% in AK180. Measurement of the nitrite ion absorption capacity value shows the ability of coconut dregs to absorb nitrite ions, namely 67.76% (AK180), 48.10% (AK120), 38.69% (AK60), and 31.75% (AK0).\u0000Keywords: Coconut dregs powder, nitrite, dietary fiber, characterization.\u0000 \u0000ABSTRAK\u0000Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang karakterisasi serat pangan dan aktivitas penyerapan ion nitrit oleh serbuk ampas kelapa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter serat pangan ampas kelapa serta aktivitas penyerapan ion nitrit dari serbuk ampas kelapa. Penelitian ini terdiri dari beberapa tahapan yaitu preparasi melalui pemanasan 200 oC selama 60 menit (AK60), 120 menit (AK120), dan 180 menit (AK180), penentuan kapasitas penyerapan ion nitrit, karakterisasi serbuk ampas kelapa, penentuan kandungan total fenolik, penentuan kandungan serat pangan, dan penentuan kapasitas penyerapan ion nitrit. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ampas kelapa yang dipanaskan memiliki kandungan serat pangan tak larut tertinggi, yaitu 67,77% pada sampel yang dikeringanginkan selama 3 hari (AK0) dan terendah 54,78% pada AK180, serat pangan larut tertinggi 23,31% pada AK0 dan terendah 1,41% pada AK180, serta total serat pangan tertinggi 70,08% pada AK0 dan terendah 56,19% pada AK180. Pengukuran nilai kapasitas penyerapan ion nitrit menghasilkan nilai-nilai 67,76% (AK180), 48,10% (AK120), 38,69% (AK60), dan 31,75% (AK0).\u0000Kata Kunci: Serbuk ampas kelapa, nitrit, serat pangan, karakterisasi.","PeriodicalId":504121,"journal":{"name":"CHEMISTRY PROGRESS","volume":"89 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141347900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pengaruh Daun Muda dan Daun Tua Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Kualitas Mutu Teh Herbal Daun Soyogik (Saurauia bracteosa DC.)","authors":"Zefanya F. W. Maleke, Max Revolta John Runtuwene, V. S. Kamu","doi":"10.35799/cp.17.1.2024.49757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/cp.17.1.2024.49757","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000This study was aimed to determine the effect of young and old leaves on the quality of soyogik leaf (Saurauia bracteosa DC.) herbal tea. Soyogik leaf herbal tea was made by drying it in an oven at 50˚C for 150 minutes, then testing for phytochemical screening, free radical scavenging activity, and quality standard. Phytochemical screening showed that young and old soyogik leaves contained triterpenoids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins. The antioxidant test results showed that free radical scavenging activity of young soyogik leaves (70.637%) were higher than that of old soyogik leaves (70.204%). Soyogik leaf herbal tea from young leaves had the best quality with the criteria of water content 7.664%; ash content 6.344%; acid insoluble ash content 0.077%; crude fiber 15.36%; metal contamination Pb (0.22 mg/kg), Cd (<0.00009 mg/kg), As (0.15 mg/kg); color with value L = 63.5, a* = 44.8, and b* = 71.2; and the aroma/smell and taste somewhat liked by the panelists. The overall results obtained show that soyogik leaves have potential as herbal teas and the degree of aging can affect the quality of soyogik leaf herbal teas.\u0000Keywords: herbal tea, soyogik, Saurauia bracteosa DC., antioxidants, quality\u0000 \u0000ABSTRAK\u0000Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh daun muda dan daun tua terhadap kualitas mutu teh herbal daun soyogik (Saurauia bracteosa DC.). Pembuatan teh herbal daun soyogik dilakukan dengan pengeringan oven pada suhu 50˚C selama 150 menit, kemudian dilakukan skrining fitokimia, pengujian aktifitas penangkal radikal bebas, dan uji standar mutu. Skrining fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa daun soyogik muda dan tua mengandung triterpenoid, flavonoid, saponin dan tanin. Hasil pengujian antioksidan menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas daun soyogik muda (70,637%) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan daun soyogik tua (70,204%). Teh herbal daun soyogik dari daun muda mempunyai kualitas paling baik dengan kriteria kadar air 7,664%; kadar abu 6,344%; kadar abu tak larut asam 0,077%; serat kasar 15,36%; cemaran logam Pb (0,22 mg/kg), Cd (<0,00009 mg/kg), As (0,15 mg/kg); warna dengan nilai L = 63,5 a* = 44,8, dan b* = 71,2; dan aroma/bau serta rasa yang agak disukai oleh panelis. Keseluruhan hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa daun soyogik dapat berpotensi sebagai teh herbal dan tingkat ketuaan daun dapat mempengaruhi kualitas teh herbal daun soyogik.\u0000Kata kunci: teh herbal, soyogik, Saurauia bracteosa DC., antioksidan, kualitas mutu","PeriodicalId":504121,"journal":{"name":"CHEMISTRY PROGRESS","volume":"63 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141347053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sintesis Nanokomposit Nata de Coco/Grafena Oksida Sebagai Adsorben Ion Logam Timbal","authors":"Gideon Lantu, V. Kamu, Henry Aritonang","doi":"10.35799/cp.17.1.2024.54310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/cp.17.1.2024.54310","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000In this study, bacterial cellulose was synthesized using waste coconut water from Tetey, North Region, North Sulawesi and was inserted with graphene oxide using in-situ method. Mass variations of graphene oxide were inserted into bacterial cellulose with variations of 0.1 g, 0.2 g, and 0.3 g. The bacterial cellulose/graphene oxide nanocomposite was then used as an adsorbent for lead metal (Pb). The resulting nanocomposite was characterized using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The results of these characterizations proved that bacterial cellulose/graphene oxide was formed. Adsorption test showed that nanocomposite of bacterial cellulose/graphene oxide could act as adsorbent. The results of the analysis showed that the the greater the mass of GO inserted inti bacterial cellulose, the higher the Pb adsorption percentage.\u0000Keywords: bacterial cellulose/graphene oxide, adsorption, lead metal (Pb).\u0000 \u0000ABSTRAK\u0000Dalam penelitian ini telah dilakukan sintesis nanokomposit nata de coco dari air kelapa yang diambil dari Tetey, Minahasa Utara, Sulawesi Utara dan diinsersi dengan grafena oksida menggunakan metode in-situ. Variasi massa grafena oksida yang diinsersi ke dalam nata de coco dengan variasi 0,1 g, 0,2 g, dan 0,3 g. Nanokomposit nata de coco/GO digunakan sebagai adsorben logam timbal (Pb). Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), dan Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) digunakan sebagi instrumen karakterisasi nanokomposit. Hasil karakterisasi tersebut membuktikan bahwa nanokomposit nata de coco/grafena oksida telah terbentuk. Berdasarkan hasil analisis menggunakan Atomic Adsorption Spectroscopy (AAS) menunjukkan bahwa nanokomposit nata de coco/GO mampu bertindak sebagai adsorben. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa nilai persentase adsorpsi semakin besar dengan bertambahnya massa GO yang diinsersi ke dalam nata de coco..\u0000Kata kunci: nata de coco/grafena oksida, adsorpsi, logam timbal (Pb).","PeriodicalId":504121,"journal":{"name":"CHEMISTRY PROGRESS","volume":"31 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141354577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uji Toksistas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Asoka (Ixora coccinea L.) dan Fraksi Pelarut Menggunakan Metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test","authors":"Agree Vanessa Tinting, Vanda Selvana Kamu, Henry F. Aritonang","doi":"10.35799/cp.17.1.2024.54199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/cp.17.1.2024.54199","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000This study aimed to determine the toxicity of asoka leaves (Ixora coccinea L.) by determining the LC50 value as well as determining the total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin content of the ethanol extract and asoka leaf fraction. The result of the highest total phenolic content, namely ethanol extract, was obtained at 67,197 μg/mL while the lowest, namely the n-hexane fraction, was obtained at 3,717 μg /mL. The result of the highest total flavonoid content, namely the ethanol extract, was obtained at 39,022 μg /mL and the lowest, namely the ethyl acetate fraction, was obtained at 11,57 μg/mL. The result of the highest condensed tannin content was found in the ethanol extract with a value of 603,185 μg/mL while the lowest tannin content was found in the n-hexane fraction 93,556 μg/mL . The result of the LC50 value in the Brine Shrimp Lethality test method toxicity test were successively obtained from the ethanol extract 92,7517 ppm, the n-hexane fraction 71,1237 ppm, the ethyl acetate fraction 331.5041 ppm and the water fraction 272,9965 ppm. so the toxicity test showed that the fraction n-hexane was very toxic. Based on this research, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract and asoka leaf fraction were toxic.\u0000Keywords: Ixora coccinea L., phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, toxicity, BSLT.\u0000 \u0000ABSTRAK\u0000Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan toksisitas dari daun asoka (Ixora coccinea L.) dengan menentukan nilai LC50 serta penentuan kandungan total fenolik, flavonoid dan tanin dari ekstrak etanol dan fraksi daun asoka. Hasil kandungan total fenolik tertinggi yaitu ekstrak etanol diperoleh 67,197 μg/mL. Sedangkan yang terendah yaitu fraksi n-heksana diperoleh 3,717 μg/mL. Kandungan total flavonoid tertinggi yaitu pada ekstrak etanol (39,022 μg/mL) dan yang terendah yaitu pada fraksi etil asetat (11,57 μg/mL). Hasil kandungan tanin terkondensasi paling tinggi adalah pada ekstrak etanol (603,185 μg/mL). sementara kandungan tanin terendah terdapat pada fraksi n-heksana 93,556 μg/mL. Hasil nilai LC50 pada uji toksisitas metode Brine Shrimp Lethality test berturut-turut diperoleh ekstrak etanol 92,7517 ppm. fraksi n-heksana 71,1237 ppm. Fraksi etil asetat 331,5041 ppm. dan fraksi air 272,9965 ppm. Pengujian toksisitas menunjukan bahwa fraksi n-heksana bersifat sangat toksik dibandingkan dengan ekstrak dan fraksi lainnya. Berdasarkan penelitian ini, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa fraksi dan ekstrak etanol daun asoka bersifat toksik.\u0000Kata Kunci: Ixora coccinea L., fenolik, flavonoid, tanin, toksisitas, BLST.","PeriodicalId":504121,"journal":{"name":"CHEMISTRY PROGRESS","volume":"31 S104","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141377757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sintesis Nanopartikel Perak Termodifikasi PEG-4000 Menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Afrika Sebagai Pendeteksi Hg2+","authors":"Akbar Fikrah Asri, Henry Aritonang, Harry S. J. Koleangan","doi":"10.35799/cp.17.1.2024.47103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/cp.17.1.2024.47103","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000Synthesis of Ag nanoparticles was performed using modified African leaves of polyethylene glycol-4000 (PEG-4000) and further tested to qualitatively detect the presence of mercury ions (Hg2+) in water samples by colorimetry. Synthesis of Ag nanoparticles was carried out by dissolving 0.01 g of African leaf extract into AgNO3 solution (5; 10; 15; 20; and 25 mL) with the addition of PEG-4000 (5 ppm, 10 ppm, and 15 ppm). The particles were then stirred at 1500 rpm for 1 hour, and characterized using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that the synthesized Ag nanoparticles were 88.8 nm in size. PEG-4000 modified African leaf extract containing Ag nanoparticles was then used to detect Hg2+ ions which were observed colorimetrically. The results showed that the Ag nanoparticles contained in the African leaf extract and PEG-4000 could qualitatively detect the presence of Hg2+ metal ions in water samples.\u0000Keywords: African leaf, Mercury (Hg2+) Detector, Ag Nanoparticles, Polyethylene Glycol-4000\u0000 \u0000ABSTRAK \u0000 Telah dilakukan sintesis nanopartikel Ag menggunakan daun afrika termodifikasi polietilen glikol-4000 (PEG-4000) dan selanjutnya diuji coba untuk mendeteksi secara kualitatif keberadaan ion merkuri (Hg2+) dalam sampel air secara kolorimetri. Sintesis nanopartikel Ag dilakukan dengan melarutkan 0,01 g ekstrak daun afrika ke dalam larutan AgNO3 (5; 10; 15; 20; dan 25 mL) dengan penambahan 2 mL PEG-4000 (5 ppm, 10 ppm dan 15 ppm). Selanjutnya distirer dengan kecepatan 1500 rpm selama 1 jam, dan dikarakterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis, Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) dan Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nanopartikel Ag yang disintesis berukuran 88,8 nm. Ekstrak daun afrika yang termodifikasi PEG-4000 dan mengandung nanopartikel Ag ini kemudian digunakan untuk mendeteksi ion logam Hg2+ yang diamati secara kolorimetri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nanopartikel Ag yang terkandung dalam ekstrak daun afrika dan PEG-4000 secara kualitatif dapat mendeteksi keberadaan ion Hg2+ dalam sampel air.\u0000Kata kunci: Daun afrika, Detektor Merkuri (Hg2+), Nanopartikel Ag, Polietilen Glikol-4000","PeriodicalId":504121,"journal":{"name":"CHEMISTRY PROGRESS","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141119558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efek Suhu Kalsinasi Tulang Ikan Cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis L.) Pada Aktivitas Fotokatalitik Komposit Ag3PO4-Hidroksiapatit","authors":"Aprilia Kambey, A. D. Wuntu, Edi Suryanto","doi":"10.35799/cp.17.1.2024.54266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/cp.17.1.2024.54266","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000Hydroxyapatite could be treated with silver nitrate to produce silver phosphate (Ag3PO4), which is a semiconductor material having ability to degrade synthetic dyes. This research aimed to determine the effect of skipjack tuna fish bone calcination temperature on the characteristics of Ag-modified fish bone products and their ability to degrade the synthetic dye rhodamine B (RB). Skipjack tuna bones were taken from a smoked skipjack fish market in Tanawangko, North Sulawesi. The research was initiated by synthesizing a composite with the main component hydroxyapatite from skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis L.) bones, which produced Ag3PO4 which was then used to degrade the synthetic dye RB in aqueous solution. The hydroxyapatite and composite were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. These characterizations confirmed the formation of Ag3PO4/HAp composite. Analysis of RB photodegradation activity using the composites showed that the best results of 76% RB degradation were obtained using 100 mg composite made from calcination temperature of 600 oC under 2 x 100 Watts incandescent lamp for 120 minutes.\u0000Keywords: Fishbones; Ag3PO4; Hydroxyapatite; Photodegradation, Rhodamine B\u0000 \u0000ABSTRAK\u0000Hidroksiapatit dapat diperlakukan dengan perak nitrat (AgNO3) untuk menghasilkan perak fosfat (Ag3PO4) yang merupakan material semikoduktor dengan kemampuan mendegradasi pewarna sintetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh suhu kalsinasi tulang ikan cakalang pada karakter produk tulang ikan termodifikasi Ag dan kemampuannya mendegradasi pewarna sintetik rodamin B (RB). Tulang ikan cakalang diambil dari pasar ikan cakalang asap di Tanawangko, Sulawesi Utara. Penelitian ini diimulai dengan mensintesis komposit dengan komponen utama hidroksiapatit dari tulang ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis L.) yang menghasilkan Ag3PO4 dan kemudian digunakan untuk mendegradasi pewarna sintetik RB dalam larutan dengan pelarut air. Hidroksiapatit dan komposit yang dihasilkan dikarakterisasi menggunakan teknik-teknik X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), dan Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa telah terbentuk komposit Ag3PO4/HAp. Analisis aktivitas fotodegradasi RB menggunakan komposit tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan fotodegradasi terbaik adalah menggunakan 100 mg komposit dari tulang yang dikalsinasi pada suhu 600 oC di bawah radiasi sumber sinar tampak 2 x 100 watt selama 120 menit yang mampu mendegradasi 76% RB.\u0000Kata Kunci: Tulang Ikan; Ag3PO4; Hidroksiapatit; Fotodegradasi; Rodamin B.","PeriodicalId":504121,"journal":{"name":"CHEMISTRY PROGRESS","volume":" 1080","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140988820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanokitosan Fraksi Flavonoid dari Limbah Kulit Buah Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) sebagai Peluruh Kalsium Batu Ginjal","authors":"Hotma Pretty Lestari Tampubolon, Ervi Tandi Sangbara', Fitriani Mandalurang, Rahmani Azizah, Nicky Mesika Nesa, E. Suryanto","doi":"10.35799/cp.16.2.2023.52372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/cp.16.2.2023.52372","url":null,"abstract":"Batu ginjal merupakan gangguan kaliks ginjal yang disebabkan karena terjadinya pengendapan senyawa yang susah larut dikarenakan tubuh kekurangan cairan. Unsur dasar yang membentuk batu ginjal adalah kalsium oksalat dan kalsium fosfat ataupun keduanya sebesar 70-80%. Upaya penanganan batu ginjal umumnya menggunakan pembedahan, endoskopi, terapi Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy. Beberapa penanganan tersebut memiliki biaya yang mahal serta bahayanya efek samping yang ditimbulkan, maka diperlukan solusi alternatif menggunakan tanaman herbal yang mengandung senyawa flavonoid sebagai peluruh kalsium batu ginjal salah satunya limbah kulit rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kandungan total flavonoid dari ketiga fraksi, membuat nanokitosan fraksi kulit rambutan yang kemudian dikarakterisasi menggunakan Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), serta potensi nanokitosan fraksi flavonoid terbaik dari kulit rambutan sebagai peluruh kalsium batu ginjal dengan variasi konsentrasi yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa nanokitosan fraksi flavonoid limbah kulit buah rambutan mampu meluruhkan kalsium batu ginjal.\u0000Kidney stones are a disorder of the kidney calyces caused by the deposition of compounds that are difficult to dissolve because the body lacks fluids. The basic elements that form kidney stones are calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate or both at 70-80%. Efforts to treat kidney stones generally use surgery, endoscopy, Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy therapy. Some of these treatments are expensive and have dangerous side effects, so an alternative solution is needed using herbal plants which contain flavonoid compounds to dissolve kidney stone calcium, one of which is rambutan skin waste (Nephelium lappaceum L.). The aim of this research was to determine the total flavonoid content of the three fractions, to make nanochitosan from the rambutan skin fraction which characterized using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA), as well as the potential of the best flavonoid fraction nanochitosan from rambutan skin as a calcium laxative for kidney stones with varying concentrations which analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The result obtained showed that nanochitosan, the flavonoid fraction of rambutan peel was able to dissolve calcium in kidney stones.","PeriodicalId":504121,"journal":{"name":"CHEMISTRY PROGRESS","volume":"96 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139386170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Karakterisasi Serat Pangan, Penghambatan Enzim α-Amilase dan Aktivitas Antioksidan dari Daun Kubis (Brassica Oleracea L.)","authors":"Davidic Origenes Adam Loway, Edi Suryanto, Feti Fatimah","doi":"10.35799/cp.16.2.2023.49222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/cp.16.2.2023.49222","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit degeneratif yang ditandai meningkatnya kadar gula darah dan gangguan metabolisme lewat mengkonsumsi makanan cepat saji (fast food). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kandungan hemiselulosa, selulosa dan lignin, menentukan kemampuan serat pangan sebagai penghambatan enzim α-amilase, dan menentukan fitokimia antioksidan dari daun kubis. Metodologi penelitian meliputi preparasi sampel, ekstraksi, penentuan kandungan hemiselulosa, selulosa, lignin, penentuan serat pangan, uji penghambatan enzim α-amilase secara in vitro, penentuan fitokimia antioksidan (total fenolik, total flavonoid dan total tanin terkondensasi), aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas DPPH dan radikal kation ABTS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tepung daun kubis yang diekstraksi dengan akuades memiliki kandungan tertinggi yaitu hemiselulosa (25,93%), selulosa (17,68%) dan lignin (15,68%). Tepung daun kubis juga menunjukkan aktivitas penghambatan pada enzim α-amilase dengan persentase tertinggi pada tepung daun kubis tanpa perlakuan (KTP) yaitu sebesar 92,12%. Pada penentuan kandungan fitokimia antioksidan terbukti bahwa ekstrak kubis etanol memiliki kandungan senyawa fenolik, flavonoid dan tanin tertinggi yang sejalan dengan aktivitas penangkal radikal bebas DPPH dan radikal kation ABTS. Diabetes mellitus is a degenerative disease characterized by increased blood sugar levels and metabolic disorders through consuming fast food (fast food). This study aims to determine the content of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, determine the ability of dietary fiber to inhibit α-amylase enzymes, and determine the antioxidant phytochemicals of cabbage leaves. The research methodology included sample preparation, extraction, determination of hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin content, determination of dietary fiber, in vitro α-amylase enzyme inhibition test, determination of antioxidant phytochemicals (total phenolics, total flavonoids and total condensed tannins), free radical scavenging activity of DPPH and ABTS cation radicals. The results showed that cabbage leaf flour extracted with distilled water had the highest content, namely hemicellulose (25.93%), cellulose (17.68%) and lignin (15.68%). Cabbage leaf flour also showed inhibitory activity on the α-amylase enzyme with the highest percentage in untreated cabbage leaf flour (KTP), namely 92.12%. In determining the antioxidant phytochemical content, it was proven that the ethanol extract of cabbage had the highest content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and tannins which were in line with the free radical scavenging activity of DPPH and ABTS cation radicals.","PeriodicalId":504121,"journal":{"name":"CHEMISTRY PROGRESS","volume":"34 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139161646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Toksisitas dari Ekstrak dan Fraksi Daging Buah Awar-Awar (Ficus septica BURM.)","authors":"Zhefanya Dominique Palar, D. G. Katja, V. Kamu, M. Kumaunang","doi":"10.35799/cp.16.2.2023.48139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/cp.16.2.2023.48139","url":null,"abstract":"Awar-awar (Ficus septica Burm.F) merupakan salah satu tumbuhan obat yang banyak ditemukan di Indonesia terlebih di Sulawesi Utara. Awar-awar digunakan untuk pengobatan tradisional karena mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan aktivitas antioksidan dari ekstrak dan beberapa fraksi daging buah awar-awar dengan aktivitas antioksidan tertinggi dilanjutkan pada pengujian toksisitas. Metode penelitian meliputi preparasi, ekstraksi, partisi, penentuan kandungan fitokimia antioksidan seperti total fenolik, total flavonoid, total tanin terkondensari, aktivitas antioksidan dan pengujian toksisitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa daging buah awar-awar memiliki kandungan total fenolik (431,59 µg/mL) dan kandungan total flavonoid (22,15 µg/mL) tertinggi pada fraksi etil asetat, kandungan total tanin terkondensasi (7,57 µg/mL) tertinggi pada fraksi n-heksana dan untuk aktivitas antioksidan (17,69 µg/mL) dengan nilai tertinggi pada fraksi etil asetat. Hasil uji toksisitas ekstrak etanol dan fraksi etil asetat bersifat toksik dengan nilai LC50 secara berturut-turut yaitu 2,223 ppm dan 2,181 ppm. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, fraksi etil asetat memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan sangat bersifat toksik. Awar-awar (Ficus septica Burm.F) is a medicinal plant that is widely found in Indonesia, especially in North Sulawesi. Awar-awar is used for traditional medicine because it contains secondary metabolites. This study aims to determine the content of antioxidant activity from extracts and some fractions of awar-awar fruit pulp with the highest antioxidant activity followed by toxicity testing. The research methods included preparation, extraction, partitioning, cost of antioxidant phytochemical content such as total phenolics, total flavonoids, total condensed tannins, antioxidant activity and weight loading. The results showed that the awar-awar fruit pulp had the highest total phenolic content (431.59 µg/mL) and total flavonoid content (22.15 µg/mL) in the ethyl acetate fraction, the total content of condensed tannins (7.57 µg/mL) was highest in the n-hexane fraction and for antioxidant activity (17.69 µg/mL) with the highest value in the ethyl acetate fraction. The results of the toxicity test of the ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction were toxic with LC50 values of 2.223 ppm and 2.181 ppm respectively. Based on the test results, the ethyl acetate fraction has antioxidant activity and is highly toxic.","PeriodicalId":504121,"journal":{"name":"CHEMISTRY PROGRESS","volume":"62 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139162343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sintesis Nanokomposit Kitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 Sebagai Fotokatalis untuk Mendegradasi Zat Warna Methylene Blue","authors":"Geby P. Senolinggi, H. Aritonang, D. G. Katja","doi":"10.35799/cp.16.2.2023.49432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35799/cp.16.2.2023.49432","url":null,"abstract":"Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang sintesis nanokomposit kitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 dengan variasi volume larutan AgNO3 serta aplikasinya sebagai fotokatalis untuk mendegradasi methylene blue. Nanokomposit yang dihasilkan dikarakterisasi menggunakan X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Hasil karakterisasi tersebut membuktikan terbentuknya nanokomposit kitosan/Ag/Fe3O4. Analisis aktivitas fotodegradasi dilakukan melalui penentuan konsentrasi methylene blue yang tersisa setelah interaksi dengan nanokomposit kitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 yang disinari lampu pijar selama 30, 60, 90, dan 120 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan fotodegradasi dengan menggunakan nanokomposit lebih baik dibandingkan tanpa penambahan nanokomposit.   Research has been carried out on the synthesis of chitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 nanocomposites with varying volumes of AgNO3 solutions and their application as a photocatalyst to degrade methylene blue. The resulting nanocomposites were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-Ray (SEM-EDX), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The characterization results proved the presence of chitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 nanocomposites. Analysis of photodegradation activity was carried out by determining the concentration of methylene blue remaining after interaction with the chitosan/Ag/Fe3O4 nanocomposite which was irradiated with an incandescent lamp. The results showed that the ability to photodegrade using nanocomposites was better than without the addition of nanocomposites.","PeriodicalId":504121,"journal":{"name":"CHEMISTRY PROGRESS","volume":"29 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139162528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}