History of Science最新文献_第8页

Tangled compositions: Botany, agency, and authorship aboard HMS Endeavour. 纠结的组成:植物学，机构，和作者在HMS奋进。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-06-01 Epub Date: 2020-12-22 DOI: 10.1177/0073275320971109

Geoff Bil

{"title":"Tangled compositions: Botany, agency, and authorship aboard HMS Endeavour.","authors":"Geoff Bil","doi":"10.1177/0073275320971109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0073275320971109","url":null,"abstract":"By all accounts, James Cook's HMS Endeavour sojourn in Tahiti was a pivotal moment in Enlightenment engagements between Indigenous and European cultures. Among the voyage records that survive, the Endeavour draftsman Sydney Parkinson's Journal of a Voyage to the South Seas (1773) is widely viewed as anomalous for the depth and breadth of its interests in Indigenous Tahitian culture and plant knowledge. This essay complicates that view, with emphasis on the contingencies peculiar to the Journal's publication and to Parkinson's own authorial biography. Drawing on Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari's concept of the rhizome, I analyze Parkinson's account alongside the botanist Daniel Solander's historiographically underutilized \"Plantae Otaheitenses\" manuscript. In so doing, I offer an alternative reading of the Journal as archetypal rather than exceptional in its attention to Indigenous cultures and knowledges. At stake, I suggest, is an enhanced appreciation for Indigenous-European botanical engagements and for Enlightenment print culture more broadly, as well as for the nebulously adisciplinary and collaborative nature of Enlightenment natural history field practices.","PeriodicalId":50404,"journal":{"name":"History of Science","volume":"60 2","pages":"183-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0073275320971109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38739939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards a history of scientific publishing 走向科学出版的历史

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-05-28 DOI: 10.1177/00732753221074609

Bettina Dietz

引用次数: 1

Animals for the mayor: Barcelona’s zoo in the making of local policies and national narratives (1957–73) 为市长服务的动物:制定地方政策和国家叙事中的巴塞罗那动物园(1957-73)

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.1177/00732753211026135

Miquel Carandell Baruzzi

{"title":"Animals for the mayor: Barcelona’s zoo in the making of local policies and national narratives (1957–73)","authors":"Miquel Carandell Baruzzi","doi":"10.1177/00732753211026135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00732753211026135","url":null,"abstract":"From 1957 to 1973, Barcelona Zoo was transformed from a small-scale, antiquated establishment harboring very few animals, a place that was still in a poor condition following the Spanish Civil War, into a new, larger, modern, and internationally recognized institution that included up-to-date animal enclosures and that boasted one of the first dolphinariums in Europe, as well as a famous white gorilla as its icon. From its very beginning, this renovation involved an intense popularization campaign. In this paper, by describing the public discourse generated throughout this transformation and by analyzing the roles played by Antoni Jonch, the director of the zoo at that time; Josep Maria de Porcioles, the then-mayor of Barcelona; and General Francisco Franco, the Spanish dictator who was head of state during this period, I will highlight how the context of the dictatorship not only authorized the new Barcelona Zoo but is, in fact, crucial to its understanding. The narratives that surrounded the renovation of the zoo focused on its civic and educational purpose, with a firm emphasis on modernity. The zoo was a modern space for learning about animals in order to become better people. These narratives were not only suitable to the policies, ideas, and aims of Porcioles’ City Council and Franco’s dictatorial regime; in fact, they completely matched them. Both local and national governments benefited from the restructuring of Barcelona Zoo and from its public discourse as a tool for social control and an instrument for their own propaganda, legitimation, and perpetuation.","PeriodicalId":50404,"journal":{"name":"History of Science","volume":"141 1","pages":"405 - 429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76726265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Afterword: Science popularization, dictatorships, and democracies 后记:科普、独裁和民主

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.1177/00732753211073422

G. Somsen

引用次数: 0

Michael Hoskin (1930–2021)

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1177/00732753221083469

J. Bennett

引用次数: 0

The emperor's herbarium: The German physician Leonhard Rauwolf (1535?-96) and his botanical field studies in the Middle East. 皇帝的植物标本室:德国医生莱昂哈德·劳沃夫(1535?-96)和他在中东的植物实地研究。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-21 DOI: 10.1177/00732753211019848

Tilmann Walter, Abdolbaset Ghorbani, Tinde van Andel

引用次数: 3

A Note From the Editor 编辑的注释

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/00732753211070642

L. Roberts

引用次数: 0

The executioner's shadow: Coerced sterilization and the creation of "Latin" eugenics in Chile. 刽子手的阴影:智利强制绝育和“拉丁”优生学的诞生。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Epub Date: 2018-04-12 DOI: 10.1177/0073275318755533

Sarah Walsh

{"title":"The executioner's shadow: Coerced sterilization and the creation of \"Latin\" eugenics in Chile.","authors":"Sarah Walsh","doi":"10.1177/0073275318755533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0073275318755533","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars such as Nancy Leys Stepan, Alexandra Minna Stern, Marius Turda and Aaron Gillette have all argued that the rejection of coerced sterilization was a defining feature of \"Latin\" eugenic theory and practice. These studies highlight the influence of neo-Lamarckism in this development not only in Latin America but also in parts of Europe in the first half of the twentieth century. This article builds upon this historiographical framework to examine an often-neglected site of Latin American eugenic knowledge production: Chile. By focusing on Chilean eugenicists' understandings of environment and coerced sterilization, this article argues that there was no uniquely Latin objection to the practice initially. In fact, Chilean eugenicists echoed concerns of eugenicists from a variety of locations, both \"mainstream\" and Latin, who felt that sterilization was not the most effective way to ensure the eugenic improvement of national populations. Instead, the article contends that it was not until the implementation of the 1933 German racial purity laws, which included coerced sterilization legislation, that Chilean eugenicists began to define their objections to the practice as explicitly Latin. Using a variety of medical texts which appeared in popular periodicals as well as professional journals, this article reveals the complexity of eugenic thought and practice in Chile in the early twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":50404,"journal":{"name":"History of Science","volume":"60 1","pages":"18-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0073275318755533","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36001613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Risky migrations: Race, Latin eugenics, and Cold War development in the International Labor Organization's Puno-Tambopata project in Peru, 1930-60. 危险的移民:种族，拉丁优生学，冷战发展在秘鲁国际劳工组织的普诺-坦博帕塔项目，1930-60。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-22 DOI: 10.1177/00732753211035283

Sebastián Gil-Riaño

{"title":"Risky migrations: Race, Latin eugenics, and Cold War development in the International Labor Organization's Puno-Tambopata project in Peru, 1930-60.","authors":"Sebastián Gil-Riaño","doi":"10.1177/00732753211035283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00732753211035283","url":null,"abstract":"Histories of economic development during the Cold War do not typically consider connections to race science and eugenics. By contrast, this article historicizes the debates sparked by the International Labor Organization's Puno-Tambopata project in Peru and demonstrates how Cold War development practice shared common epistemological terrain with racial and eugenic thought from the Andes. The International Labor Organization project's goal of resettling indigenous groups from the Peruvian highlands to lower-lying tropical climates sparked heated debates about the biological specificity of Andean highlanders' physiques and ability to survive in the tropics. Such concerns betrayed the antitypological consensus expressed in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Race Statements and defended by one of the main proponents of the resettlement project, the Swiss-American anthropologist Alfred Métraux. The concern with Andean racial types was central to the research agenda of the acclaimed Peruvian physiologist Carlos Monge, who endorsed modernization projects that did not entail moving highlanders outside of their traditional climate. The debates sparked by the Puno-Tambopata project demonstrate how Cold War development discourse grappled with racial and eugenic thought from Latin America and the Global South and thereby produced projects of indigenous \"improvement.\"","PeriodicalId":50404,"journal":{"name":"History of Science","volume":"60 1","pages":"41-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39335761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Latin stranger-science, or l'anthropologie among the Lusitanians. 拉丁陌生科学，或者卢西塔尼亚人的人类学。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Epub Date: 2018-04-23 DOI: 10.1177/0073275318755291

Ricardo Roque

引用次数: 2