History of Science最新文献_第8页

Michael Hoskin (1930–2021)

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.1177/00732753221083469

J. Bennett

引用次数: 0

The emperor's herbarium: The German physician Leonhard Rauwolf (1535?-96) and his botanical field studies in the Middle East. 皇帝的植物标本室:德国医生莱昂哈德·劳沃夫(1535?-96)和他在中东的植物实地研究。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-06-21 DOI: 10.1177/00732753211019848

Tilmann Walter, Abdolbaset Ghorbani, Tinde van Andel

引用次数: 3

A Note From the Editor 编辑的注释

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/00732753211070642

L. Roberts

引用次数: 0

The executioner's shadow: Coerced sterilization and the creation of "Latin" eugenics in Chile. 刽子手的阴影:智利强制绝育和“拉丁”优生学的诞生。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Epub Date: 2018-04-12 DOI: 10.1177/0073275318755533

Sarah Walsh

{"title":"The executioner's shadow: Coerced sterilization and the creation of \"Latin\" eugenics in Chile.","authors":"Sarah Walsh","doi":"10.1177/0073275318755533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0073275318755533","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars such as Nancy Leys Stepan, Alexandra Minna Stern, Marius Turda and Aaron Gillette have all argued that the rejection of coerced sterilization was a defining feature of \"Latin\" eugenic theory and practice. These studies highlight the influence of neo-Lamarckism in this development not only in Latin America but also in parts of Europe in the first half of the twentieth century. This article builds upon this historiographical framework to examine an often-neglected site of Latin American eugenic knowledge production: Chile. By focusing on Chilean eugenicists' understandings of environment and coerced sterilization, this article argues that there was no uniquely Latin objection to the practice initially. In fact, Chilean eugenicists echoed concerns of eugenicists from a variety of locations, both \"mainstream\" and Latin, who felt that sterilization was not the most effective way to ensure the eugenic improvement of national populations. Instead, the article contends that it was not until the implementation of the 1933 German racial purity laws, which included coerced sterilization legislation, that Chilean eugenicists began to define their objections to the practice as explicitly Latin. Using a variety of medical texts which appeared in popular periodicals as well as professional journals, this article reveals the complexity of eugenic thought and practice in Chile in the early twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":50404,"journal":{"name":"History of Science","volume":"60 1","pages":"18-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0073275318755533","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36001613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Risky migrations: Race, Latin eugenics, and Cold War development in the International Labor Organization's Puno-Tambopata project in Peru, 1930-60. 危险的移民:种族，拉丁优生学，冷战发展在秘鲁国际劳工组织的普诺-坦博帕塔项目，1930-60。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-22 DOI: 10.1177/00732753211035283

Sebastián Gil-Riaño

{"title":"Risky migrations: Race, Latin eugenics, and Cold War development in the International Labor Organization's Puno-Tambopata project in Peru, 1930-60.","authors":"Sebastián Gil-Riaño","doi":"10.1177/00732753211035283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00732753211035283","url":null,"abstract":"Histories of economic development during the Cold War do not typically consider connections to race science and eugenics. By contrast, this article historicizes the debates sparked by the International Labor Organization's Puno-Tambopata project in Peru and demonstrates how Cold War development practice shared common epistemological terrain with racial and eugenic thought from the Andes. The International Labor Organization project's goal of resettling indigenous groups from the Peruvian highlands to lower-lying tropical climates sparked heated debates about the biological specificity of Andean highlanders' physiques and ability to survive in the tropics. Such concerns betrayed the antitypological consensus expressed in the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Race Statements and defended by one of the main proponents of the resettlement project, the Swiss-American anthropologist Alfred Métraux. The concern with Andean racial types was central to the research agenda of the acclaimed Peruvian physiologist Carlos Monge, who endorsed modernization projects that did not entail moving highlanders outside of their traditional climate. The debates sparked by the Puno-Tambopata project demonstrate how Cold War development discourse grappled with racial and eugenic thought from Latin America and the Global South and thereby produced projects of indigenous \"improvement.\"","PeriodicalId":50404,"journal":{"name":"History of Science","volume":"60 1","pages":"41-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39335761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Latin stranger-science, or l'anthropologie among the Lusitanians. 拉丁陌生科学，或者卢西塔尼亚人的人类学。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Epub Date: 2018-04-23 DOI: 10.1177/0073275318755291

Ricardo Roque

引用次数: 2

Race science in the Latin world: An afterword 拉丁世界的种族科学:后记

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/00732753211070072

G. S. Laveaga

引用次数: 0

Introduction: Race science in the Latin world 引言:拉丁世界的种族科学

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/00732753211053517

Sebastián Gil-Riaño, S. Walsh

引用次数: 0

Petrus van Musschenbroek (1692-1761) and the early Leiden jar: A discussion of the neglected manuscripts. Petrus van Musschenbroek(1692-1761)与早期莱顿罐:对被忽视手稿的讨论。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2022-03-01 Epub Date: 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.1177/00732753211000186

Pieter Present

{"title":"Petrus van Musschenbroek (1692-1761) and the early Leiden jar: A discussion of the neglected manuscripts.","authors":"Pieter Present","doi":"10.1177/00732753211000186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00732753211000186","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, I discuss manuscript material written by Petrus van Musschenbroek (1692-1761) related to his first experiments with the Leiden jar. Despite the importance of the discovery of the Leiden jar for the history of electricity and the questions that still surround its discovery, a detailed treatment of this manuscript material is lacking in the literature. The main aim of this paper is to provide an outline of the manuscript material and to contextualize van Musschenbroek's first experiments with the Leiden jar. I show how the experiment fits within his research program on electricity and I discuss van Musschenbroek's initial reactions to and analysis of the phenomenon. Before doing so, I first provide a short overview of the treatment of the early history of the Leiden jar in the secondary literature. After that, I discuss van Musschenbroek's treatment of the topic of electricity in the textbooks he published in the years before the discovery of the device. Van Musschenbroek repeatedly emphasized that not enough experimental results were available for an informed theoretical treatment of the phenomenon of electricity to be possible. I then turn to the manuscript material, where I give a general description of the contents of the manuscript and van Musschenbroek's experimental practice. The manuscript material further confirms recent work on the Leiden jar by Silva and Heering, and provides new insights into the way van Musschenbroek himself reacted to the discovery.","PeriodicalId":50404,"journal":{"name":"History of Science","volume":"60 1","pages":"103-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/00732753211000186","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25493782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The community of Black women physicians, 1864-1941: Trends in background, education, and training. 黑人女医生群体，1864-1941:背景、教育和培训趋势。

IF 0.5 3区哲学

History of Science Pub Date : 2021-12-01 Epub Date: 2021-02-08 DOI: 10.1177/0073275320987417

Margaret Vigil-Fowler, Sukumar Desai

引用次数: 0