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Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute最新文献

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Verification of Angular Properties of a Divergent Pencil Beam of the Prometheus Therapeutic Facility 普罗米修斯治疗装置发散束的角度特性验证
IF 0.6 4区 物理与天体物理
Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.3103/S1068335624601274
G. V. Merzlikin, N. A. Skotnikova, A. I. Adarova, A. E. Chernukha, A. N. Solovev, S. A. Ivanov, S. N. Koryakin, A. P. Kanavin, V. O. Saburov
{"title":"Verification of Angular Properties of a Divergent Pencil Beam of the Prometheus Therapeutic Facility","authors":"G. V. Merzlikin,&nbsp;N. A. Skotnikova,&nbsp;A. I. Adarova,&nbsp;A. E. Chernukha,&nbsp;A. N. Solovev,&nbsp;S. A. Ivanov,&nbsp;S. N. Koryakin,&nbsp;A. P. Kanavin,&nbsp;V. O. Saburov","doi":"10.3103/S1068335624601274","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335624601274","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A method for determining angular characteristics of a spread of a pencil proton beam, associated with the nonuniform distribution of the initial momenta of particles, is examined. Considering this phenomenon is crucial when planning patient irradiation and conducting radiobiological experiments, because angular characteristics directly affect the size of the field during particle transport through air or other media. Experimental data are also compared with Monte Carlo simulations performed with the TOPAS MC software package using the obtained parameters. The results demonstrate good agreement and validate the described method.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"51 11","pages":"450 - 457"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measurement of Effective (B_{s}^{0} to J{text{/}}psi K_{S}^{0}) Lifetime Using Run-II CMS Data 使用Run-II CMS数据测量有效(B_{s}^{0} to J{text{/}}psi K_{S}^{0})寿命
IF 0.6 4区 物理与天体物理
Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.3103/S1068335624601079
Priyanka Sadangi, Sanjay Kumar Swain, S. Polikarpov
{"title":"Measurement of Effective (B_{s}^{0} to J{text{/}}psi K_{S}^{0}) Lifetime Using Run-II CMS Data","authors":"Priyanka Sadangi,&nbsp;Sanjay Kumar Swain,&nbsp;S. Polikarpov","doi":"10.3103/S1068335624601079","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335624601079","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The effective lifetime for the decay <span>(B_{s}^{0} to J{text{/}}psi K_{S}^{0})</span> is reported using the data from <i>pp</i> collision at centre of mass energy <span>(sqrt s )</span> = 13 TeV recorded by CMS experiment at the LHC during 2016, 2017 and 2018. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb<sup>–1</sup>. The measurement uses the two-dimensional unbinned maximum likelihood (UML) fit to <i>B</i>-invariant mass and the decay time to extract the observable. Effective lifetime is measured as 1.59 <span>( pm )</span> 0.07(stat) <span>( pm )</span> 0.03(syst) ps, which is in good agreement with the standard model prediction and stands as the most precise result to date.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"51 11","pages":"463 - 467"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Baryogenesis in the Early Matter Dominated Epoch 早期物质主导期的重子发生
IF 0.6 4区 物理与天体物理
Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.3103/S1068335624600815
Ki-Young Choi, Jongkuk Kim, Erdenebulgan Lkhagvadorj
{"title":"Baryogenesis in the Early Matter Dominated Epoch","authors":"Ki-Young Choi,&nbsp;Jongkuk Kim,&nbsp;Erdenebulgan Lkhagvadorj","doi":"10.3103/S1068335624600815","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335624600815","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While thermal dark matter is created in the early Universe, nonthermal dark matter can be generated through Hawking radiation from primordial black hole (PBH). If the reannihilation process of the nonthermal dark matter violates B-number and CP-symmetry, successful baryogenesis can be obtained in the early Universe. Consequently, this model can explain both the correct relic density of dark matter and the observed relic density of baryon asymmetry in the Universe by employing an ultralight mass for PBH and a larger total annihilation cross section for TeV dark matter. This corresponding large annihilation cross section of dark matter would open the opportunity to search for them and to test this model in the indirect detection of dark matter.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"51 11","pages":"445 - 449"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Fiber-Optic Angular Displacement Sensor Based on Optical Microfibers and Its Calibration Method 基于光学微纤维的光纤角位移传感器及其校准方法
IF 0.6 4区 物理与天体物理
Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.3103/S1068335624601808
F. A. Egorov
{"title":"A Fiber-Optic Angular Displacement Sensor Based on Optical Microfibers and Its Calibration Method","authors":"F. A. Egorov","doi":"10.3103/S1068335624601808","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335624601808","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A fiber-optic angular-displacement sensor with a pendulum sensing element based on an optical microfiber with end and side directional radiation outputs, which serve, respectively, for measuring angular displacements and creating a transverse component of the light pressure force that leads to a deflection of the pendulum from the local vertical direction. A method of remote calibration and an algorithm for the sensor operation are proposed, which provide the possibility of calibration without violating the measurement mode. The method is based on the laser excitation of forced resonant oscillations of a pendulum–optical microfiber under the action of a transverse light-pressure force and the comparison of the resulting maximum values of the sensor output signals with the reference amplitude values of the angular deflections of the optical microfiber, which were calculated within the framework of the model of an elastic thin cantilever rod with a load at its end located in the Earth’s gravity field. The results obtained in this study and the approaches outlined in it may serve as the basis for creating new types of fiber-optic sensors characterized by a long service life and highly stable metrological indicators, which can be used, e.g., in systems for monitoring the technical conditions of construction structures and antenna mast systems, in systems of angular orientation and stabilization of platforms, etc.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"51 7 supplement","pages":"S572 - S580"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Temperature Dependence of the Output Optical Power of Semiconductor Lasers–Thyristors Based on AlGaAs/GaAs/InGaAs Heterostructures 基于 AlGaAs/GaAs/InGaAs 异质结构的半导体激光器-晶闸管输出光功率的温度依赖性
IF 0.6 4区 物理与天体物理
Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.3103/S1068335624601766
P. S. Gavrina, A. A. Podoskin, I. V. Shushkanov, S. O. Slipchenko, N. A. Pikhtin, T. A. Bagaev, M. A. Ladugin, A. A. Marmalyuk, V. A. Simakov
{"title":"Temperature Dependence of the Output Optical Power of Semiconductor Lasers–Thyristors Based on AlGaAs/GaAs/InGaAs Heterostructures","authors":"P. S. Gavrina,&nbsp;A. A. Podoskin,&nbsp;I. V. Shushkanov,&nbsp;S. O. Slipchenko,&nbsp;N. A. Pikhtin,&nbsp;T. A. Bagaev,&nbsp;M. A. Ladugin,&nbsp;A. A. Marmalyuk,&nbsp;V. A. Simakov","doi":"10.3103/S1068335624601766","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335624601766","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Measurements of the output optical power, laser-oscillation spectra, optical-pulse duration, and switching-on delays of semiconductor lasers–thyristors with a strip width of 200 μm and a length of 980 μm were performed in the operating temperature range from 20 to 70°C at a nominal value of the discharge capacitor of 22 nF and a control-current amplitude of 10.4 mA. It is shown that lasers–thyristors have high temperature stability. When the devices were heated from 20 to 70°C, the level of reduction of the peak output power did not exceed 15% for supply voltages of 4–20 V and 25% for a voltage of 3 V; the shift of the central wavelength of the oscillation spectrum was on average 0.21 nm/°C.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"51 7 supplement","pages":"S525 - S532"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experiments in vivo for Melanoma Treatment Using Laser Technology and Zirconium Dioxide-Based Dielectric Particles 利用激光技术和二氧化锆介质粒子治疗黑色素瘤的活体实验
IF 0.6 4区 物理与天体物理
Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.3103/S1068335624601730
P. A. Ryabochkina, S. A. Khrushchalina, O. A. Kulikov, V. I. Shlyapkina, V. P. Ageev, N. Yu. Tabachkova, V. O. Veselova, T. V. Volkova
{"title":"Experiments in vivo for Melanoma Treatment Using Laser Technology and Zirconium Dioxide-Based Dielectric Particles","authors":"P. A. Ryabochkina,&nbsp;S. A. Khrushchalina,&nbsp;O. A. Kulikov,&nbsp;V. I. Shlyapkina,&nbsp;V. P. Ageev,&nbsp;N. Yu. Tabachkova,&nbsp;V. O. Veselova,&nbsp;T. V. Volkova","doi":"10.3103/S1068335624601730","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335624601730","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The features of thermal radiation occurrence in zirconium dioxide-based compounds doped with various rare earth (RE) ions were investigated to identify the RE ion type and excitation conditions most suitable for enhancing the thermal effect on biological tissue. Holmium-containing particles were found to emit heat upon excitation by radiation with wavelengths of 457 and 1940 nm, and thermal radiation occurs in thulium-containing particles upon excitation by radiation with a wavelength of 1940 nm. Experiments in vivo using particles studied in this work (with thulium and holmium ions) and previously (with ytterbium and erbium ions) have shown that the effect of enhancing the thermal action of laser radiation is most pronounced for ytterbium-containing particles and radiation with a wavelength of 970 nm. Experiments in vitro on mice have demonstrated the possibility of using ytterbium-containing particles when excited by laser radiation with a wavelength of 970 nm for melanoma treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"51 7 supplement","pages":"S581 - S593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Efficient Generation of X-Ray Radiation under Relativistic Laser Pulses Interaction with a Kr Cluster Jet 相对论激光脉冲与 Kr 簇射流相互作用下 X 射线辐射的高效生成
IF 0.6 4区 物理与天体物理
Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.3103/S1068335624601791
P. A. Shcheglov, M. M. Nazarov, T. A. Semenov, A. A. Tausenev, M. V. Chashchin, A. V. Lazarev, V. M. Gordienko
{"title":"Efficient Generation of X-Ray Radiation under Relativistic Laser Pulses Interaction with a Kr Cluster Jet","authors":"P. A. Shcheglov,&nbsp;M. M. Nazarov,&nbsp;T. A. Semenov,&nbsp;A. A. Tausenev,&nbsp;M. V. Chashchin,&nbsp;A. V. Lazarev,&nbsp;V. M. Gordienko","doi":"10.3103/S1068335624601791","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335624601791","url":null,"abstract":"<p>X-ray generation under interaction of relativistic laser pulses with krypton clusters has been studied. It is shown that the optimal focusing points for generating characteristic and hard bremsstrahlung are located in regions with different cluster concentrations inside the gas jet. A record (4.2 × 10<sup>–6</sup>) conversion efficiency of relativistic laser pulses into characteristic <i>K</i><sub>α</sub> (12.6 keV) has been achieved under interaction with large krypton clusters. The bremsstrahlung plasma temperature has been measured to be <i>T</i><sub><i>e</i></sub> = 6 keV at an integral energy of the X-ray pulse of 3 × 10<sup>9</sup> keV/(4π pulse). The application of the designed source in time-resolved X-ray studies and in radiobiology are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"51 7 supplement","pages":"S564 - S571"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Control of Dimensional and Optical Properties of Laser-Synthesized TiN Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications 控制用于生物医学应用的激光合成 TiN 纳米粒子的尺寸和光学特性
IF 0.6 4区 物理与天体物理
Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.3103/S106833562460181X
V. S. Chernyakova, G. V. Tikhonovskii, A. P. Satina, I. V. Sozaev, M. S. Savinov, P. V. Shakhov, D. I. Tselikov, A. A. Popov, A. A. Fronya, I. N. Zavestovskaya, S. M. Klimentov, A. V. Kabashin
{"title":"Control of Dimensional and Optical Properties of Laser-Synthesized TiN Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications","authors":"V. S. Chernyakova,&nbsp;G. V. Tikhonovskii,&nbsp;A. P. Satina,&nbsp;I. V. Sozaev,&nbsp;M. S. Savinov,&nbsp;P. V. Shakhov,&nbsp;D. I. Tselikov,&nbsp;A. A. Popov,&nbsp;A. A. Fronya,&nbsp;I. N. Zavestovskaya,&nbsp;S. M. Klimentov,&nbsp;A. V. Kabashin","doi":"10.3103/S106833562460181X","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S106833562460181X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The dimensional and optical properties of nanomaterials largely determine the prospects of their application in biomedicine. We have studied the feasibility of controlling the dimensional and optical characteristics of laser-synthesized titanium nitride (TiN) nanoparticles (NP) using various liquid media (water, isopropanol, acetone, or acetonitrile) and laser focusing parameters and energy. Laser ablation of the TiN target in all solvents resulted in the formation of spherical NPs with the mode and half-width of the size distribution dependent on the type of liquid. We show that the use of organic solvents can produce NPs with higher coefficients of mass extinction (up to 35.2 L cm<sup>–1</sup> g<sup>–1</sup>) and of photothermal conversion (up to 69%) in the window of relative biotissue transparency for aqueous medium. It is also demonstrated that the mode and half-width of the TiN NP size distribution decreases as the distance from the lens to the target surface increases or laser radiation energy decreases. These findings form a quantitative basis for developing laser-synthesized TiN NPs with controlled properties and they also prove their high potential for applications in biomedicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"51 7 supplement","pages":"S594 - S601"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measuring Spectral Quantum Efficiency of Infrared Photodiodes 测量红外光电二极管的光谱量子效率
IF 0.6 4区 物理与天体物理
Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.3103/S1068335624601833
V. P. Khodunkov, Yu. P. Zarichnyak
{"title":"Measuring Spectral Quantum Efficiency of Infrared Photodiodes","authors":"V. P. Khodunkov,&nbsp;Yu. P. Zarichnyak","doi":"10.3103/S1068335624601833","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335624601833","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present a review of methods for measuring the quantum efficiency of infrared photodiodes, and briefly analyze their applicability and achievable accuracy. A new measurement method is proposed based on the postulate that the ratio of the derivatives of the spectral dependences of the signals from real and ideal photodiodes is equal to the quantum efficiency of a real photodiode. The measurement equation is justified theoretically, the expected uncertainty of the measurement results is estimated, an example of implementing the proposed method is presented, and practical recommendations are made.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"51 7 supplement","pages":"S608 - S616"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Increased Nuclear Reaction Yields in Cluster Targets Irradiated with Circularly Polarized, Short and Intense Laser Pulses 利用圆偏振、短而强的激光脉冲辐照簇状目标，提高其核反应当量
IF 0.6 4区 物理与天体物理
Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.3103/S1068335624601754
A. A. Andreev, L. A. Litvinov, K. Yu. Platonov
{"title":"Increased Nuclear Reaction Yields in Cluster Targets Irradiated with Circularly Polarized, Short and Intense Laser Pulses","authors":"A. A. Andreev,&nbsp;L. A. Litvinov,&nbsp;K. Yu. Platonov","doi":"10.3103/S1068335624601754","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335624601754","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Analytical estimates and numerical simulation were used to review the yield of nuclear reaction products in a separate cluster and in the focal volume of laser cluster plasma. The circular polarization of a short intense laser pulse is shown to produce an average magnetic field that keeps the plasma of the focal volume from transverse expansion. An extension of plasma lifetime results under certain conditions in a significant (up to double) increase in neutron yield in the Li(<i>D</i>, <i>n</i>)<sup>8</sup>Be reaction compared to plasma heating by a linear polarization laser pulse when the magnetic field is absent.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"51 7 supplement","pages":"S543 - S556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142714468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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