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Large self-heating by trapped-flux reduction in Sn-Pb solders 通过减少锡铅焊料中的陷流实现大自热
Europhysics Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad6802
Yoshikazu Mizuguchi, Takumi Murakami, Md. Riad Kasem, H. Arima
{"title":"Large self-heating by trapped-flux reduction in Sn-Pb solders","authors":"Yoshikazu Mizuguchi, Takumi Murakami, Md. Riad Kasem, H. Arima","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad6802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad6802","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Magnetic flux trapping in field-cooled (FC) Sn-Pb solders has been recently studied because of the observation of nonvolatile magneto-thermal switching [H. Arima et al., Commun. Mater. 5, 34 (2024)] and anomalous magnetic field-temperature (H-T) phase diagrams [T. Murakami et al., AIP Adv. 13, 125008 (2023)]. In this paper, we investigate the origin of the anomalously low specific heat (C) in Sn10-Pb90 and Sn45-Pb55 solders after FC at H = 1500 Oe. We show that the FC solders exhibit self-heating possibly caused by the flux flow during the reduction of trapped fluxes when heating the sample during the C measurements. The T dependence of T rise clearly exhibits unexpectedly large values when the low-C states are observed. In addition, the cause of the transition-like behavior in C-T of FC solders are explained by local heating during H control and flux-jump phenomena.","PeriodicalId":503117,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics Letters","volume":"42 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141800301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Imperfect diffusion-controlled reactions for stochastic processes with memory 具有记忆的随机过程的不完全二元控制反应
Europhysics Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad678e
T. Mendes, T. Guérin
{"title":"Imperfect diffusion-controlled reactions for stochastic processes with memory","authors":"T. Mendes, T. Guérin","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad678e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad678e","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Many physical processes are controlled by the time that a random walker needs to reach a target. In many practical situations, such as reaction kinetics, this target is imperfect: multiple random encounters may be necessary to actually trigger a reaction. So far, most analytical approaches of imperfect reaction kinetics have been limited to Markovian (memoryless) stochastic processes. However, as soon as the random walker interacts with its environment, its motion becomes effectively non-Markovian. Here, we present a theory that provides the mean reaction time for a non-Markovian Gaussian random walker in a large confining volume in the presence of a spatially localized reaction rate or a gated target. Remarkably, in the weakly reactive regime, for strongly subdiffusive processes, our theory predicts that the deviation of the mean reaction time to the reaction controlled time displays a non-trivial scaling with the reactivity, which we identify analytically. This effect illustrates how the memory of past passages to the target influences the statistics of next-return times, to the difference of Markovian processes. The theory is developed in one and two dimensions and agrees with stochastic simulations. These results provide a refined understanding of how non-Markovian transport and local reactivity influence the kinetics of diffusion controlled reactions.","PeriodicalId":503117,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics Letters","volume":"28 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141802547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Schrödinger evolution of a scalar field in Riemannian and pseudo Riemannian expanding metrics 标量场在黎曼和伪黎曼扩展度量中的薛定谔演化
Europhysics Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad64fe
Z. Haba
{"title":"Schrödinger evolution of a scalar field in Riemannian and pseudo Riemannian expanding metrics","authors":"Z. Haba","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad64fe","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad64fe","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 We study the quantum field theory (QFT) of a scalar field in the Schrödinger picture in the functional formulation. We derive a formula for the evolution kernel in a flat expanding metric. We discuss a transition between Riemannian and pseudoRiemannian metrics gµν (signature inversion). We express the real time Schrödinger evolution by the Brownian motion. We discuss the Feynman integral for a scalar field in a radiation background. We show that the unitary Schrödinger evolution for positive time can go over for negative time into a dissipative evolution as a consequence of the imaginary value of √- det(gµν). The time evolution remains unitary if √- det(gµν) in the Hamiltonian is replaced by √| det(gµν)|.","PeriodicalId":503117,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics Letters","volume":" 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141826950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Narrowband stimulated Raman scattering and molecular modulation in anti-resonant hollow-core fibres 反谐振空芯光纤中的窄带受激拉曼散射和分子调制
Europhysics Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad6479
Pau Arcos, Arturo Mena, María Sánchez-Hernández, E. Arrospide, G. Aldabaldetreku, M. Illarramendi, J. Zubía, David Novoa
{"title":"Narrowband stimulated Raman scattering and molecular modulation in anti-resonant hollow-core fibres","authors":"Pau Arcos, Arturo Mena, María Sánchez-Hernández, E. Arrospide, G. Aldabaldetreku, M. Illarramendi, J. Zubía, David Novoa","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad6479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad6479","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Raman scattering is the inelastic process where photons bounce off molecules, losing energy and becoming red-shifted. This weak effect is unique to each molecular species, making it an essential tool in e.g. spectroscopy and label-free microscopy. The invention of the laser enabled a regime of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS), where the efficiency is greatly increased by inducing coherent molecular oscillations. However, this phenomenon required high intensities due to the limited interaction volumes, and this limitation was overcome by the emergence of anti-resonant fibres (ARFs) guiding light in a small hollow channel over long distances. Based on their unique properties, this Perspective reviews the transformative impact of ARFs on modern SRS-based applications ranging from development of light sources and convertors for spectroscopy and materials science, to quantum technologies for the future quantum networks, providing insights into future trends and the expanding horizons of the field.","PeriodicalId":503117,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics Letters","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141830927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evolution of the crack patterns in nanostructured films with subsequent wetting and drying cycles 纳米结构薄膜的裂纹图案随随后的润湿和干燥循环而演变
Europhysics Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad6478
Dave McIlroy, L. Pauchard
{"title":"Evolution of the crack patterns in nanostructured films with subsequent wetting and drying cycles","authors":"Dave McIlroy, L. Pauchard","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad6478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad6478","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Crack patterns in coatings present various morphologies as a signature of the matter to external stresses. Brittle films generally show a network of connected cracks due to a hierarchical formation process. On the contrary, non-sequential crack growth leads to a different morphology with few junctions. The present work focuses on the evolution of both crack networks under the effect of repeated stresses. The experimental work is performed through porous thin films over subsequent wetting and drying processes. The non-connected network of cracks is investigated through nanostructured films exhibiting compliant and elastic properties. Over repeated stresses, this crack network evolves until it reaches stabilization. The stabilization appears when the cracks stop growing and a shielding effect occurs. This behaviour is compared with a more classical connected network of cracks that do not evolve in the plane under the effect of repeated processes.","PeriodicalId":503117,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics Letters","volume":" 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141830521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cryptography with stochastic photons 随机光子密码学
Europhysics Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-16 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad63c8
Rustem Shakhmuratov, A. Zinnatullin, F. Vagizov
{"title":"Cryptography with stochastic photons","authors":"Rustem Shakhmuratov, A. Zinnatullin, F. Vagizov","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad63c8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad63c8","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Quantum cryptography protocols are based on the use of quantum objects with at least two orthogonal states, for example, the polarization states of a photon.We propose a completely different cryptography protocol using a stochastic flow of single photons. Our method is based on the stochastic decay of an ensemble of radioactive nuclei randomly emitting a stream of $gamma$-photons. We have experimentally demonstrated the transmission of classical information containing binary bits. Reading this information requires precise knowledge of the repetition rate of its sending. Otherwise, it is impossible to make the transmitted information visible, since it will be lost in the noise.","PeriodicalId":503117,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics Letters","volume":"85 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141643204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interatomic correlations moments in graphene monolayer 石墨烯单层中的原子间关联矩
Europhysics Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-12 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad6288
Cloves Goncalves Rodrigues
{"title":"Interatomic correlations moments in graphene monolayer","authors":"Cloves Goncalves Rodrigues","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad6288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad6288","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study investigated the interatomic correlation moments within a graphene monolayer using the correlative approach based on an unsymmetrized self-consistent field (CUSF) method. This analysis encompassed various approximations, such as the harmonic, quasi-harmonic, and weakly anharmonic models. Numerical evaluations for low temperatures were conducted employing the parametric interatomic potential specifically developed for graphene by Tewary and Yang. The findings revealed a notable reduction in the interatomic correlation moments with increased interatomic distance. Moreover, the correlations between the transverse atomic displacements were less pronounced than those between the longitudinal displacements. Additionally, the significance of anharmonicity was duly validated. Comparatively, the longitudinal atomic displacements in the graphene lattice exhibited a stronger correlation than the square and hexagonal lattices.","PeriodicalId":503117,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics Letters","volume":"52 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141654173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The stationary Klein-Gordon equation with a delta-like source: A generalized function approach 具有三角源的静态克莱因-戈登方程：广义函数法
Europhysics Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad5eb7
João Pedro Ferreira Lemos, Frederico Eduardo Barone Rangel, Fabricio Augusto Barone Rangel
{"title":"The stationary Klein-Gordon equation with a delta-like source: A generalized function approach","authors":"João Pedro Ferreira Lemos, Frederico Eduardo Barone Rangel, Fabricio Augusto Barone Rangel","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad5eb7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad5eb7","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This work aims to initiate a discussion on finding solutions to non-homogeneous differential equations in terms of generalized functions. For simplicity, we conduct the analysis within the specific context of the stationary Klein-Gordon equation with a point-like source, identifying a generalized function that solves such an equation and aligns with the solution obtained through the Fourier approach with dimensional regularization. In addition to being regular at the source singularity, a notable advantage of our solution is its presentation as a single expression, eliminating the need for piecewise definitions. The arguments presented here are applicable to a broader range of situations, offering a novel approach to addressing divergences in field theories using generalized functions. Moreover, we anticipate that the approach introduced in this work could provide a new method for handling Green functions regularized at coincident points, thereby simplifying the renormalization process in a wide range of theories.","PeriodicalId":503117,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics Letters","volume":"113 s430","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141682835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Proportional relations between the wave number and amplitude of spiral waves near Neimark-Sacker bifurcations Neimark-Sacker 分叉附近螺旋波的波数和振幅之间的比例关系
Europhysics Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad5eb8
Bin Xu, Jian Gao, Chuansheng Shen
{"title":"Proportional relations between the wave number and amplitude of spiral waves near Neimark-Sacker bifurcations","authors":"Bin Xu, Jian Gao, Chuansheng Shen","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad5eb8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad5eb8","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The spatiotemporal distribution patterns of interacting populations are broadly accepted as a pivotal factor in sustaining species diversity. Spiral waves represent common spatiotemporal patterns observed in ecosystems and biological systems, encompassing both continuoustime and discrete-time systems. The study of the dynamics and regulation of spiral waves in continuous-time systems, often observed in the vicinity of Hopf bifurcations, has been comprehensively examined. However, the dynamical characteristics and rules governing spiral waves near Hopf bifurcations in discrete-time systems, also named Neimark-Sacker bifurcations, are still not fully understood. Here, we investigate spiral waves in a discrete-time predator-pest model caused by a Neimark-Sacker bifurcation. Our results suggest a linear relationship between the amplitude and wave number of spiral waves near the Neimark-Sacker bifurcation. At last, we propose a model that can describe the behaviors of spiral waves in discrete-time systems near Neimark-Sacker bifurcations. Our findings illuminate the process of pattern formation in discrete-time systems, offering potential insights for forecasting and managing pest distribution.","PeriodicalId":503117,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics Letters","volume":"98 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141683516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dynamics of diseases spreading on networks in the forms of reaction-diffusion systems 反应扩散系统形式的疾病网络传播动力学
Europhysics Letters Pub Date : 2024-07-02 DOI: 10.1209/0295-5075/ad5e1b
Gui-Quan Sun, Runzi He, Li-Feng Hou, Shupeng Gao, Xiaofeng Luo, Quanhui Liu, Yicheng Zhang, Lili Chang
{"title":"Dynamics of diseases spreading on networks in the forms of reaction-diffusion systems","authors":"Gui-Quan Sun, Runzi He, Li-Feng Hou, Shupeng Gao, Xiaofeng Luo, Quanhui Liu, Yicheng Zhang, Lili Chang","doi":"10.1209/0295-5075/ad5e1b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/ad5e1b","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the face of persistent threats posed by infectious diseases, despite remarkable medical advancements, understanding and efficiently controlling their spatial spread through mathematical modeling remain imperative. Networked reaction-diffusion systems offer a promising avenue to effectively delineate population discrete distribution and individual movement heterogeneity. However, the dynamics of spatial diseases within these systems and the formulation of optimal control strategies are currently undergoing vigorous development. In this letter, we illustrate the dynamics of spatial disease spread in networked reaction-diffusion systems through the lens of optimal control, considering various network complexities from pairwise networks to higher-order networks. It then emphasizes their applicability in designing effective spatial disease control strategies across diverse network complexities. Finally, we discuss the existing challenges.","PeriodicalId":503117,"journal":{"name":"Europhysics Letters","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141687422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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