{"title":"Role of fibre treatment in enhancement of fibre–matrix interfacial adhesion and mechanical performance of hybrid composites: A review","authors":"Nikhil Mohan Vyas, Sanjay Katarey, Savita Dixit","doi":"10.1007/s12034-026-03580-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-026-03580-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The performance of the composite varies as a function of the volumetric fraction of reinforcement, the interfacial strength between the fibre and the matrix, the sequential arrangement of fibre stacks, and the directional orientation of fibres. Mechanical testing is performed to get insight into the performance of the composite under tension, impact, bending, etc. Early developments of composites led to the use of ceramic, metallic and polymeric matrices with synthetic fibres as reinforcement. Recent developments have focused on reinforcement that is obtained from nature (plants, minerals, and animals), as they are not only environmentally friendly, but also have a wide scope of analysis through variation in volumetric content of fibres, their orientation, fibre treatment, and stacking arrangement that would give optimized properties. Natural fibre-based composites are nowadays explored for solid waste management, reduced greenhouse effect and recyclability, so as to achieve end of service life utility. The hybridization of fibres further broadens the scenario for the enhancement of mechanical performance analysis of composites with a desired combination of reinforcements that otherwise could not have been achieved in a single fibre. This article concentrates on hybrid composites with specific discussions on the fibre–matrix interface and the role of interfacial adhesion on the mechanical response of hybrid composites. It focuses on fibre treatment effects that promote amplification of mechanical strength.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147797001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the mechanical properties of CR/NR composites","authors":"K Parthasarathy, S Baskar, S Vishvanathperumal","doi":"10.1007/s12034-026-03584-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-026-03584-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising nanofillers for enhancing the performance of chloroprene rubber/natural rubber (CR/NR) composites. In this study, CNTs were incorporated into CR/NR blends at loadings up to 10 phr using melt mixing, and their influence on curing, mechanical and physical properties was systematically evaluated. Key properties studied included tensile strength, stress at 100% elongation, elongation at break, tear strength, hardness, rebound resilience, abrasion resistance, compression set, crosslink density and swelling behaviour. CNT addition led to higher cure torque and shorter cure times, indicating accelerated crosslinking. Mechanical testing revealed that tensile strength and stress at 100% elongation improved by 60 and 52%, respectively, at 6 phr CNTs, while elongation at break decreased by 32%. Hardness and abrasion resistance also increased, whereas rebound resilience declined. Swelling resistance improved up to 6 phr and decreased at higher loadings.</p>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fabrication and characterization of polyethersulfone blended polyvinyl chloride membranes with improved hydrophilicity for industrial wastewater treatment","authors":"Sathya Udayakumar, S Arun","doi":"10.1007/s12034-026-03589-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-026-03589-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polyethersulfone (PES) with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyvinylpyrrolidone were prepared by blending through a non-induced phase inversion method. PES/PVC ultrafiltration membranes with different proportions of polymers were prepared and characterized. The study aims to explore the PES composite membranes for application in industrial wastewater treatment. The morphology was confirmed for prepared membranes with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the membrane’s hydrophilic properties were observed using the porosity measurement, contact angle, and swelling ratio of the prepared membranes. The thermal stability of the prepared membranes was confirmed by DSC and TGA. Dead-end filtration experiments were used to optimize the prepared polymer blend membranes. From the results, it was found that the mechanical strength was enhanced by the addition of PVC. The prepared membranes have been successfully explored in the membrane bioreactor (MBR) containing industrial wastewater for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and complete removal of total suspended solids (TSS).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fabrication of solution-processed pentacene-doped N,N-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N(phenyl)-benzidine (TPD) thin film-based organic light-emitting diode with optimized (8-hydroxy quinolinato) aluminium (Alq3) region","authors":"Dhrubajyoti Saikia, Ranjit Sarma","doi":"10.1007/s12034-026-03582-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-026-03582-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, pentacene-doped TPD (4,4′-bis[N-(3-methylphenyl)-N-phenylamino] biphenyl) thin films were fabricated using a spin-coating technique for the successful development and characterization of OLED (organic light-emitting diode) devices. A comparative analysis was conducted between doped and undoped organic layers, revealing that a 12% pentacene doping level offers the best device performance. Further optimization of the light-emitting region was performed by incorporating tris[2-(p-tolyl)pyridine]iridium (III), Ir(mppy)<sub>3</sub>, at varying doping concentrations. With this optimized device structure, we achieved a maximum current efficiency of 13.3 cd A<sup>–1</sup> on an FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) substrate, along with improved operational stability. Comprehensive characterization was carried out through J–V (current density–voltage), L–V (luminance–voltage) and efficiency measurements. Additionally, the optical transmittance of the pentacene-doped TPD films and the surface morphology of FTO and FTO with pentacene-doped TPD were examined using FE-SEM (field emission scanning electron microscope) imaging. Overall, the findings provide insight into the influence of optimized doping levels in the HIL (hole injection layer) relative to the HTL (hole transport layer) and EML (emissive layer), contributing to improved OLED performance and device understanding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147796570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P Jayamurugan, Shamimahusssain, N V S S Seshagiri Rao, P Horsley Solomon, A Seethai, D Sudhadevi, K Navaneetha Pandiyaraj, Parasuraman Ponnusamy, L Guganathan
{"title":"Fabrication of PPy-PVDF/LiMnPO4 nanocomposite cathode material for Li-ion batteries: Performances of CR-2032 coin cells","authors":"P Jayamurugan, Shamimahusssain, N V S S Seshagiri Rao, P Horsley Solomon, A Seethai, D Sudhadevi, K Navaneetha Pandiyaraj, Parasuraman Ponnusamy, L Guganathan","doi":"10.1007/s12034-026-03598-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-026-03598-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The solid-state blending process was used to develop the PPy/LiMnPO<sub>4</sub> nanocomposite using various weight ratios of LiMnPO<sub>4</sub>. The prepared samples were analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), electrical conductivity, X-ray diffraction, cyclic voltammetry, impedance analysis, and charge–discharge analysis. FE-SEM studies revealed spherical and nanorod morphologies. The EDAX spectrum did not indicate the presence of Li metal. XPS analysis confirmed the presence of Li, Mn, O, P, and C. FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of PO<sub>4</sub>3<sup>−</sup> in the composite structure. The conductivity measurements showed that the conductivity of the composites decreased with increasing concentration of LiMnPO<sub>4</sub>. X-ray diffraction confirmed the orthorhombic crystal structure with prominent peaks corresponding to the (121), (131), (112), (222), and (260) planes. The average particle size was found to be 73 nm. The electrochemical performance of the LiMnPO<sub>4</sub>–PPy composite towards lithium storage and supercapattery devices was analyzed. The lithium-ion half-cell (LiMnPO<sub>4</sub>–PPy–PVDF|1 M LiPF<sub>6</sub>|Li) in the form of a CR-2032 coin cell exhibited a high discharge capacity of about 9.8 mAh g<sup>−</sup>1 at a rate of 0.1 C with excellent cyclic stability. Impedance analysis indicated that PPy/LiMnPO<sub>4</sub> is a suitable cathode material for lithium storage devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147738051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrochemical detection of curcumin using nanohybrid material for the prevention of vascular intimal hyperplasia","authors":"Mingdi Zhu, Yunfei Zhang, Linlin Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12034-026-03590-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-026-03590-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vascular intimal hyperplasia, primarily driven by the abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), is a major contributor to restenosis. Therefore, the development of efficient drug delivery systems capable of inhibiting VSMC proliferation is of great clinical significance. In this study, a novel multifunctional nanohybrid, 1-DASA-ATPMS@CP1@Curcumin, was successfully synthesized for the delivery and electrochemical sensing of curcumin. The electrochemical behavior of the composite was systematically investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Key parameters, including accumulation time, pH, scan rate, surfactant type, and electrochemical mechanism, were optimized. The composite exhibited excellent electrochemical response in pH 7.0 phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing 10.0 μg mL<sup>−1</sup> CTAB, with a wide linear detection range of 0.5–100.0 μM for curcumin and a low detection limit of 0.05 μM. <i>In vitro</i> studies using CCK-8 assays showed that 1-DASA-ATPMS@CP1@Curcumin significantly suppressed the proliferation of human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs), outperforming both free curcumin and blank carrier groups. These findings highlight the potential of this nanohybrid as an effective therapeutic platform for the prevention of vascular intimal hyperplasia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147738249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of laminate stacking on vibration and electrical properties of CFRP for aerospace applications","authors":"Jitendra Bhaskar, Ankur Dwivedi, Bishakh Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1007/s12034-026-03579-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-026-03579-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites are widely utilized in aerospace applications owing to their high specific strength and lightweight characteristics. However, optimizing their multifunctional performance requires simultaneous consideration of dynamic vibration response and electrical loading behavior, an area that remains insufficiently explored. This study presents a novel experimental investigation that establishes direct correlations between the electrical and dynamic properties of CFRP laminates as a function of stacking sequence and fiber orientation. Unlike previous studies that examine these properties independently, the present work integrates both aspects to elucidate the coupled influence of laminate architecture on damping, electrical conductivity and Joule heating characteristics. The results reveal that damping capacity is inversely proportional to electrical conductivity, and that cross-ply laminates exhibit higher conductivity compared to unidirectional configurations. Correlation coefficients were further evaluated between electrical conductivity, damping ratio, loss factor, and natural frequency to quantify these relationships. The findings demonstrate that the number of fiber–fiber contact points and stacking configuration critically govern multifunctional performance. This study provides new insights into designing smart CFRP laminates with tailored electromechanical behavior, offering pathways for improved lightning protection, <i>in-situ</i> curing of repair patches, and resistance-based health monitoring in aerospace structures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147738251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A Ben Zoubair, A Samih, R El Fdil, A Nfissi, M Es-Semyhy, E Salmani, Z Fadil, Seong-Cheol Kim, Chaitany Jayprakash Raorane, Fohad Mabood Husain
{"title":"Ab initio study of multifaceted properties in cubic NdVO3 perovskite: Structural, electronic, magnetic, and thermodynamic aspects","authors":"A Ben Zoubair, A Samih, R El Fdil, A Nfissi, M Es-Semyhy, E Salmani, Z Fadil, Seong-Cheol Kim, Chaitany Jayprakash Raorane, Fohad Mabood Husain","doi":"10.1007/s12034-026-03592-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-026-03592-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The structural, electronic, magnetic, mechanical, optical, and thermodynamic properties of cubic perovskite NdVO<sub>3</sub> were investigated using density functional theory (DFT). Structural optimization confirmed the stability and formability of the compound, supported by its negative formation energy. The calculated lattice constants of 3.86 Å (GGA-PBE) and 3.90 Å (GGA+U) showed good agreement with reported values for similar perovskite oxides. Electronic and magnetic properties analysis revealed contrasting behavior between the GGA-PBE and GGA+U approaches. NdVO<sub>3</sub> exhibited metallic ferromagnetism within GGA-PBE, whereas GGA+U predicted a half-metallic ferromagnetic ground state, indicating its potential suitability for spintronic and magnetic storage applications. Mechanical property evaluation confirmed the compound’s mechanical stability and ductility under both approximations, indicating resilience to external stress. The optical response, including strong absorption in the infrared and ultraviolet regions, suggests potential for use in IR devices and UV photonic applications. Additionally, thermodynamic analysis using the thermo_pw package demonstrated high thermal stability and favorable thermodynamic behavior at elevated temperatures. These combined properties highlight NdVO<sub>3</sub> as a promising multifunctional material for advanced technological applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147738250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Little Jewelcy Arockiaraj, Sathiyanarayanan Kulathu, Jegadesan Subbiah, Ramalinga Viswanathan Mangalaraja, Andrea Sorrentino, Anandan Sambandam
{"title":"Surface modification and inhibition mechanism caused by p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde towards mild steel (ASTM A36) protection","authors":"Little Jewelcy Arockiaraj, Sathiyanarayanan Kulathu, Jegadesan Subbiah, Ramalinga Viswanathan Mangalaraja, Andrea Sorrentino, Anandan Sambandam","doi":"10.1007/s12034-026-03585-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-026-03585-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The corrosion-inhibition performance of para-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde (p-DMAB) on mild steel in 1 M HCl was evaluated using weight-loss analysis, electrochemical methods, adsorption investigations, theoretical calculations, and surface characterisation techniques. The corrosion rate decreased significantly as the inhibitor concentration increased, as indicated by weight-loss results. By increasing charge-transfer resistance and decreasing corrosion current density, p-DMAB functions as a mixed-type inhibitor, according to electrochemical studies (OCP, Tafel, and EIS). The Langmuir isotherm was followed by p-DMAB adsorption on the steel surface, and thermodynamic characteristics suggested a spontaneous mixed physisorption–chemisorption mechanism. Strong electronic interactions between the inhibitor molecule and the metal surface were confirmed by DFT calculations. Effective film generation was confirmed by surface investigations employing optical profilometry, SEM, AFM, and XPS, which showed smoother, less damaged surfaces in the presence of the inhibitor. Overall, p-DMAB demonstrates excellent potential as an efficient corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic environments.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147737465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu Gao, Qiang Han, Yuan Chen, Dongdong Jia, Yongyue Sun
{"title":"Carbon nanotubes in situ derived from bimetallic ZIF as efficient peroxymonosulfate activators for bisphenol A degradation via electron transfer","authors":"Yu Gao, Qiang Han, Yuan Chen, Dongdong Jia, Yongyue Sun","doi":"10.1007/s12034-026-03562-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12034-026-03562-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To develop high performance with wide pH adaptability catalysts for advanced oxidation processes, Co/N Co-doped carbon nanotubes encapsulating cobalt nanoparticles (Co@N-CNTs-x/y) were prepared by pyrolysis of dicyandiamide (DCD)-coated bimetallic zeolitic imidazole frameworks (Co<sub>x</sub>Zn<sub>y</sub>-ZIF) rapidly synthesized in supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO<sub>2</sub>). The <i>in situ</i> growth of carbon nanotubes resulted in a more uniform distribution of cobalt atoms, forming abundant Co-N<sub>x</sub> structures, and effectively encapsulating cobalt nanoparticles within the nanotubes, thereby reducing cobalt leakage. The doping of zinc and its subsequent volatilization at high temperatures significantly impacted the Co-N<sub>x</sub> doping ratio, the diameter of the nanotubes, and the size and dispersion of cobalt nanoparticles (Co NPs). A non-radical catalytic mechanism dominated by electron transfer was proposed for hollow-structured Co@N-CNTs-1/1, enabling it to exhibit high bisphenol A (BPA) degradation efficiency across a pH range of 3–11 and tolerate various inorganic anions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":502,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Materials Science","volume":"49 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147643136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}