{"title":"Event-Triggered Based Trajectory Tracking Control of Under-Actuated Unmanned Surface Vehicle with Input Quantization and Output Constraints","authors":"Jun Ning, Yuanning Yue, Tieshan Li, Lu Liu","doi":"10.1002/rnc.8027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rnc.8027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The under-actuated unmanned surface vehicle (USV) trajectory tracking control problem is examined in this paper in relation to output constraints, model uncertainties, and external disturbances. To alleviate the pressure of the limited communication bandwidth of USV at sea, this paper uses a composite quantizer to linearly describe the quantization process. For the problem of under-actuated USV with two available inputs, controllers are designed based on the backstepping algorithm and the theory of the Barrier Lyapunov function (BLF), respectively, so as to address the problem of output constraints. Then, to realize the compensation of the uncertainty, an adaptive neural network system is used for the approximation. In addition, while ensuring effective tracking of the under-actuated USV, to save communication resources more effectively and reduce the frequency of controller execution, this paper adopts the event-triggered mechanism in the controller design. It is demonstrated through stability analysis that the output constraints will not be broken, guaranteeing that the system's outputs will remain within a manageable range and that all signals will be eventually bounded while preventing Zeno behavior. Finally, simulation results are used to validate the efficacy of the control mechanism suggested in this paper.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50291,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control","volume":"35 15","pages":"6319-6337"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synchronization and Control for Directed Multilevel Complex Networks With Arbitrary Couplings","authors":"Leijing Xie, Xiwei Liu","doi":"10.1002/rnc.8065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rnc.8065","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this article, we focus on the synchronization problem of directed multilevel complex networks (MLevelN) with arbitrary couplings. First, we propose a new MLevelN model with arbitrarily connected couplings, thus previous fully or partially one-to-one connected couplings can be regarded as special cases for this model. Then, using the normalized left eigenvector of couplings, criteria on two typical types of synchronization for MLevelN are obtained. Besides, we consider MLevelN with disconnected layers, and by using Tarjan's algorithm, it can be rearranged to MLevelN with different number of nodes in different layers. Furthermore, different control strategies for the rearranged MLevelN are also designed, and pinning only one node (arbitrarily chosen) can make the whole MLevelN realize complete synchronization. Then, the results are applied on a three-level reaction-diffusion neural network as an application. Finally, the effectiveness of the obtained criteria is verified by numerical simulations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50291,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control","volume":"35 15","pages":"6338-6358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kunzhong Miao, Chang Wang, Yifeng Niu, Huangzhi Yu, Tianqing Liu
{"title":"Fault-Tolerant Time-Varying Formation Tracking for Multi-Agent Systems With Varying Number of Agents and Mixed Cyber Attacks","authors":"Kunzhong Miao, Chang Wang, Yifeng Niu, Huangzhi Yu, Tianqing Liu","doi":"10.1002/rnc.8048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rnc.8048","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper proposes a fault-tolerant time-varying formation tracking control scheme for second-order multi-agent systems with varying numbers of agents and mixed cyber attacks. Initially, compared to the current failure model, a distributed failure model based on fault characteristics has been established. Subsequently, the cyber attack models following different rules are embedded into the system to reduce their impact. Then we use the topological structure segmentation method (TSSM) to decouple and derive the closed-loop system state equations under mixed network attacks. Furthermore, topological structure uncertainty is employed to depict the variations in network topology. A pulse-time-correlated average Lyapunov function is designed to obtain sufficient conditions for guaranteed formation error convergence and boundedness of all closed-loop signals. After this, control gains are iteratively computed using iterative linear matrix inequalities. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is validated through a set of numerical examples and software-in-the-loop (SITL) experiments based on the XTdrone simulation platform.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50291,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control","volume":"35 15","pages":"6288-6307"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Initial Excitation-Based Inverse Reinforcement Learning for Continuous-Time Linear Non-Zero-Sum Games","authors":"Hongyang Li, Gansu Zhang, Qinglai Wei","doi":"10.1002/rnc.8026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rnc.8026","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this article, the initial excitation-based inverse reinforcement learning methods are presented for continuous-time linear non-zero-sum games. The policy iteration and value iteration algorithms are presented for the inverse reinforcement learning problems, and an online-verifiable initial excitation condition is given to guarantee the convergence of the presented algorithms. Comparing with the traditional inverse reinforcement learning algorithms for linear non-zero-sum games, the presented algorithms relax the requirement on data-storage mechanism. Furthermore, the requirement on the initial stabilizing state feedback matrices is relaxed in the presented initial excitation-based value iteration algorithm. The properties of the presented initial excitation-based policy iteration and value iteration algorithms are analyzed. Simulation results show the efficiency of the presented algorithms.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50291,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control","volume":"35 15","pages":"6275-6287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Knowledge Fusion-Based Neural Network Control for Uncertain Nonlinear Systems via Deterministic Learning","authors":"Qinchen Yang, Fukai Zhang, Cong Wang","doi":"10.1002/rnc.7993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rnc.7993","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article proposes a knowledge fusion neural network (NN) control method based on deterministic learning (DL) for uncertain nonlinear systems. The goal is to explore the knowledge acquisition capability and generalization of the controller in a larger task space, enhancing the learning ability and control performance for complex control tasks. Specifically, the proposed closed-loop knowledge fusion control scheme is divided into the following two categories: online and offline knowledge fusion learning control (KFLC). In the online KFLC phase, a collaborative control strategy is used, incorporating a mechanism to transmit neural update information. This ultimately ensures that NN weights of all active systems converge to a shared optimal value. Second, offline KFLC initially achieves accurate identification of the intrinsic closed-loop dynamics through DL control for each single trajectory. The knowledge is then stored as constant value NNs, and subsequently, the issue of knowledge fusion for multitrajectory closed-loop dynamics is transformed into a least squares (LS) problem. Furthermore, an NN-based learning controller utilizing integrated knowledge is constructed to achieve the vision of multitask intelligent control in complex scenarios. The simulation section validates the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50291,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control","volume":"35 13","pages":"5468-5487"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Asynchronous Control for \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 2\u0000 \u0000 $$ 2 $$\u0000 -D Switched Systems With Quasi-Time-Dependent Lyapunov Function and Weighted Average Dwell Time Strategy","authors":"Qiang Yu, Wangxian Su","doi":"10.1002/rnc.8071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rnc.8071","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper focuses on the asynchronous control for a specific category of two-dimensional (<span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ 2 $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>-D) switched systems with the weighted average dwell time strategy. The system is described using the renowned Fornasini-Marchesini local state-space model. The control signal for the switching mechanism incorporates time delays, which result in asynchronism between the controllers and subsystems. By using the weighted average dwell time strategy and a switched quasi-time-dependent Lyapunov functional method, sufficient conditions for stabilizing the <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>2</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ 2 $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>-D switched system with asynchronous switching are formulated. Based on the stabilization result, the state-feedback controllers are designed to ensure <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>H</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mi>∞</mi>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$$ {H}_{infty } $$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> performance and asymptotic stability of the corresponding closed-loop system. An illustrative example is presented to validate the efficacy of the proposed control scheme.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50291,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control","volume":"35 15","pages":"6308-6318"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145102241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}