Lubricants最新文献_第3页

Progress in Theoretical Modelling of Macroscopic and Microscopic Dynamics of Bolted Joints in Complex Equipment 复杂设备螺栓连接宏观和微观动力学理论建模的进展

Lubricants Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.3390/lubricants12050182

Xiaohan Lu, Min Zhu, Shengao Wang, Shengnan Li, Zi-jian Xu, Yilong Liu

{"title":"Progress in Theoretical Modelling of Macroscopic and Microscopic Dynamics of Bolted Joints in Complex Equipment","authors":"Xiaohan Lu, Min Zhu, Shengao Wang, Shengnan Li, Zi-jian Xu, Yilong Liu","doi":"10.3390/lubricants12050182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12050182","url":null,"abstract":"Bolt connection structure is a common form of connecting large and complex equipment. Its object contact surfaces under normal and tangential loads will appear in the form of slip and adhesion, which affects the service life of mechanical equipment. Bolted connection structures cause changes in stiffness and damping, which have great impacts on the dynamic characteristics. Experimental studies and numerical simulations have difficulty predicting the overall performance of bolts in a timely manner, hence cannot ensure the reliability and safety of complex equipment. In order to improve the overall performance of complex equipment, it is necessary to study the contact theory model of bolt connection structures. Based on the relationship between friction force and velocity in the classical friction model, the mathematical expressions of restoring force and tangential displacement in the kinetic theory model are deduced to predict the stiffness degradation of the bolted structure and to characterise the kinetic properties and laws of the bolted structure. From the perspective of theoretical calculation, it makes up for the situation in which it is difficult to measure the performance of bolts due to the existence of spanning scale and provides theoretical support for the reliability of connecting complex equipment. This paper summarises and analyses the contact theory model of bolt connection structures, ranging from macroscopic to microscopic; describes the static friction model, kinetic friction model, statistical summation contact model, fractal contact model; and analyses the influencing factors of the microscopic contact mechanism. The advantages and disadvantages of the kinetic theoretical models are described, the manifestation of friction and the relationship between tangential force–displacement are discussed, and the key research directions of the kinetic theoretical models of bolted structures in the future are elucidated.","PeriodicalId":502914,"journal":{"name":"Lubricants","volume":"56 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140965492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Review of Chemical Modification of Vegetable Oils and Their Applications 植物油化学改性及其应用综述

Lubricants Pub Date : 2024-05-17 DOI: 10.3390/lubricants12050180

Yongjing Zeng, Zichen Shang, Zeni Zheng, Ning Shi, Bo Yang, Sheng Han, Jincan Yan

{"title":"A Review of Chemical Modification of Vegetable Oils and Their Applications","authors":"Yongjing Zeng, Zichen Shang, Zeni Zheng, Ning Shi, Bo Yang, Sheng Han, Jincan Yan","doi":"10.3390/lubricants12050180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12050180","url":null,"abstract":"In order to cope with the shortage of non-renewable energy and the increasingly environmental pollution, sustainable vegetable oils, as competitive alternatives, have widely been held in the good graces of the researchers. Vegetable oils are suitable for a wide range of applications such as biofuels and biodiesel. However, the development of vegetable oils is limited due to the characteristics of unsatisfactory oxidation stability and poor cold-flow properties. Chemical modification is considered as an effective solution to enhance the performance. The research progress of the chemical modification methods and applications of vegetable oils in recent years are summarized in this review. Reducing the content of carbon–carbon double bonds and increasing the degree of saturation are the keys to improve the physicochemical properties of vegetable oils. The prospects for the development direction and challenges of vegetable oils are proposed. Future research may focus on the use of multifunctional catalysts to optimize reaction conditions or to introduce active groups with lubricating properties in epoxidation reactions and explore the combination of chemical and auxiliary methods.","PeriodicalId":502914,"journal":{"name":"Lubricants","volume":"40 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140965919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in Contact Mechanics 接触力学的进展

Lubricants Pub Date : 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.3390/lubricants12050179

Haichao Liu, Haibo Zhang, Xiaoyu Ding

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the Tribological Properties of Hybrid Additive-Modified Water-Based Lubricating Fluid 混合添加剂改性水基润滑油的摩擦学特性研究

Lubricants Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.3390/lubricants12050178

R. Kreivaitis, Jolanta Treinytė, A. Kupčinskas, M. Gumbytė, E. Sendžikienė

{"title":"Investigation of the Tribological Properties of Hybrid Additive-Modified Water-Based Lubricating Fluid","authors":"R. Kreivaitis, Jolanta Treinytė, A. Kupčinskas, M. Gumbytė, E. Sendžikienė","doi":"10.3390/lubricants12050178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12050178","url":null,"abstract":"Water-based lubricating fluids (WBLFs), known for their significant environmental benefits, are the focus of this study. The properties of WBLFs directly influence lubricated mechanisms’ longevity and operating efficiency. WBLFs are enhanced using additives, which must improve their properties and, at the same time, remain environmentally friendly. This study combines bis(2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium erucate protic ionic liquid and titanium oxide nanoparticles to formulate the hybrid additive. The lubricity was investigated using Alumina/Bearing steel and WC/Bearing steel friction pairs in a reciprocating ball-on-plate tribo-tester. The results show that protic ionic liquid can significantly improve lubricity and the corrosion-preventing ability of the base fluid. Applying a hybrid additive further improved the wear reduction ability in the WC/Bearing steel friction pair. However, the wear reduction ability was diminished when a hybrid additive was used to lubricate the Alumina/Bearing steel friction pair. The proposed lubricity improvement mechanism is based on forming an adsorption layer of ionic liquid molecules and rolling and tribo-sintering titanium oxide nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":502914,"journal":{"name":"Lubricants","volume":"60 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140975295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

AsdinNorm: A Single-Source Domain Generalization Method for the Remaining Useful Life Prediction of Bearings AsdinNorm：用于轴承剩余使用寿命预测的单源域泛化方法

Lubricants Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.3390/lubricants12050175

Juan Xu, Bin Ma, Weiwei Chen, Chengwei Shan

{"title":"AsdinNorm: A Single-Source Domain Generalization Method for the Remaining Useful Life Prediction of Bearings","authors":"Juan Xu, Bin Ma, Weiwei Chen, Chengwei Shan","doi":"10.3390/lubricants12050175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12050175","url":null,"abstract":"The remaining useful life (RUL) of bearings is vital for the manipulation and maintenance of industrial machines. The existing domain adaptive methods have achieved major achievements in predicting RUL to tackle the problem of data distribution discrepancy between training and testing sets. However, they are powerless when the target bearing data are not available or unknown for model training. To address this issue, we propose a single-source domain generalization method for RUL prediction of unknown bearings, termed as the adaptive stage division and parallel reversible instance normalization model. First, we develop the instance normalization of the vibration data from bearings to increase data distribution diversity. Then, we propose an adaptive threshold-based degradation point identification method to divide the healthy and degradation stages of the run-to-failure vibration data. Next, the data from degradation stages are selected as training sets to facilitate the RUL prediction of the model. Finally, we combine instance normalization and instance denormalization of the bearing data into a unified GRU-based RUL prediction network for the purpose of leveraging the distribution bias in instance normalization and improving the generalization performance of the model. We use two public datasets to verify the proposed method. The experimental results demonstrate that, in the IEEE PHM Challenge 2012 dataset experiments, the prediction accuracy of our model with the average RMSE value is 1.44, which is 11% superior to that of the suboptimal comparison model (Transformer model). It proves that our model trained on one-bearing data achieves state-of-the-art performance in terms of prediction accuracy on multiple bearings.","PeriodicalId":502914,"journal":{"name":"Lubricants","volume":"26 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140979521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tribological Behavior of Polydiethylsiloxane (PDES) in a Si3N4 and M50 System under Low Temperatures from −80 to 25 °C 聚二乙基硅氧烷 (PDES) 在 Si3N4 和 M50 系统中的摩擦学特性（-80 至 25 °C）--低温条件下的摩擦学特性

Lubricants Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.3390/lubricants12050176

Junhao Han, Yong Tang, Luo Yue, Xianzhen Ma, Hao Jia, Ningxia Liu, Pengpeng Bai, Yonggang Meng, Yu Tian

{"title":"Tribological Behavior of Polydiethylsiloxane (PDES) in a Si3N4 and M50 System under Low Temperatures from −80 to 25 °C","authors":"Junhao Han, Yong Tang, Luo Yue, Xianzhen Ma, Hao Jia, Ningxia Liu, Pengpeng Bai, Yonggang Meng, Yu Tian","doi":"10.3390/lubricants12050176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12050176","url":null,"abstract":"Lubricants must exhibit good tribological behavior at low temperatures to ensure reliable startups in very cold regions. This study investigates the performance of lubricants, with a specific focus on their capacity for high-temperature lubrication and ensuring reliable low-temperature startup in engines. Experiments were conducted to assess the friction and wear characteristics of polydiethylsiloxane in conjunction with a Si3N4 ball and M50 (8Cr4Mo4V) steel across a temperature range of −80 °C to 25 °C. The results indicate that the coefficient of friction, as determined through friction and wear tests at various temperatures, remained below 0.1. As temperatures progressively decreased, the system’s friction coefficient increased, and wear volumes recorded at 25 °C and −60 °C were 9749.513 µm³ and 105.006 µm³, respectively, culminating in lubrication failure at −100 °C. This failure is primarily attributed to the increased viscosity and decreased mobility of polydiethylsiloxane at extremely low temperatures. Additionally, the reduced temperature increases the strength of the quenched steel, leading to hard particles or protrusions on the material’s surface, which collide with the Si3N4 ball during friction, causing adhesion and spalling. Despite this, polydiethylsiloxane forms a stable protective oil film on the surface, enhancing the system’s lubrication performance. However, below −80 °C, this oil film begins to tear, leading to diminished lubrication efficacy. This study provides valuable data supporting the field of cryogenic lubrication.","PeriodicalId":502914,"journal":{"name":"Lubricants","volume":"14 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140981854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Nano-CuO and 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole on the Tribological Properties of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene 纳米氧化铜和 2-巯基苯并噻唑对超高分子量聚乙烯摩擦学特性的影响

Lubricants Pub Date : 2024-05-12 DOI: 10.3390/lubricants12050174

A. Vasilev, A. Dyakonov, S. N. Danilova, Igor S. Makarov, Anastasia V. Okoneshnikova, A. Okhlopkova

{"title":"Effect of Nano-CuO and 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole on the Tribological Properties of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene","authors":"A. Vasilev, A. Dyakonov, S. N. Danilova, Igor S. Makarov, Anastasia V. Okoneshnikova, A. Okhlopkova","doi":"10.3390/lubricants12050174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12050174","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the tribological properties of nanocomposites based on ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) filled with nano-CuO and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (CuO/MBT) in mass ratios of 1:1 and 2:1 were investigated. In the supramolecular structure of UHMWPE nanocomposites, spherulites of several hundred micrometers in size are formed. The density of UHMWPE nanocomposites slightly increases relative to the pure polymer, reaching a maximum at 2 wt.% CuO/MBT in both ratios. The Shore D hardness and compressive stress of the UHMWPE nanocomposites showed an improvement of 5–6% and 23–35%, respectively. The wear resistance and coefficient of friction of UHMWPE nanocomposites were tested using a pin-on-disk configuration under dry friction conditions on #45 steel and on P320 sandpaper. It was shown that the wear rate of UHMWPE nanocomposites filled with 2 wt.% CuO/MBT decreased by ~3.2 times compared to the pure polymer, and the coefficient of friction remained at the level of the polymer matrix. Abrasive wear showed an improvement in UHMWPE nanocomposites filled with 1 wt.% CuO/MBT compared to the polymer matrix and other samples. The worn surfaces of the polymer composites after dry friction were examined by scanning electron microscopy and IR spectroscopy. The formation of secondary structures in the form of tribofilms that protect the material from wear was demonstrated. Due to this, the wear mechanism of UHMWPE nanocomposites is transformed from adhesive to fatigue wear. The developed materials, due to improved mechanical and tribological properties, can be used as parts in friction units of machines and equipment.","PeriodicalId":502914,"journal":{"name":"Lubricants","volume":"119 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140986242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the Degree of Degradation of Brake Pad Friction Surfaces Using Image Processing 利用图像处理评估制动片摩擦表面的退化程度

Lubricants Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.3390/lubricants12050172

T. Mandziy, I. Ivasenko, O. Berehulyak, R. Vorobel, M. Bembenek, Sviatoslav Kryshtopa, L. Ropyak

{"title":"Evaluation of the Degree of Degradation of Brake Pad Friction Surfaces Using Image Processing","authors":"T. Mandziy, I. Ivasenko, O. Berehulyak, R. Vorobel, M. Bembenek, Sviatoslav Kryshtopa, L. Ropyak","doi":"10.3390/lubricants12050172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12050172","url":null,"abstract":"The improvement of drilling rig systems to ensure a reduction in unproductive time spent on lowering and lifting operations for replacing drilling tools and restoring the performance of drilling equipment units is an important task. At the same time, considerable attention is paid to the reliable and efficient operation of the braking systems of drilling rig winches. In the process of operation, the polymer pads periodically come into contact with the outer cylindrical surface of the metal pulley during braking, work in extreme conditions and wear out intensively, so they need periodic replacement. Tests were carried out on a modernized stand and in industrial conditions for the brakes of drilling winches. A methodology for evaluating the degradation of the brake pad friction surface during its operation is proposed. The assessment of the degradation degree is carried out based on the image of the brake pad surface using image processing techniques. Geometric transformations of the input image were performed to avoid perspective distortions caused by the concave shape of the brake pads and the spatial angle at which the image is acquired to avoid glares. The crack detection step was implemented based on the scale-space theory, followed by contour detection and skeletonization. The ratios of the area and perimeter of segmented and skeletonized cracks to the total area were chosen as integral characteristics of the degradation degree. With the help of scanning electron microscopy, the character of the destruction of the friction surface and the degradation of the polymer material was investigated. Experimental studies were performed, and the application of the proposed method is illustrated.","PeriodicalId":502914,"journal":{"name":"Lubricants","volume":" July","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140989890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tribological Behavior of Friction Materials Containing Aluminum Anodizing Waste Obtained by Different Industrial Drying Processes 通过不同工业干燥工艺获得的含有阳极氧化铝废料的摩擦材料的摩擦学特性

Lubricants Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.3390/lubricants12050173

G. Straffelini, P. Jayashree, Andrea Barbieri, Roberto Masciocchi

{"title":"Tribological Behavior of Friction Materials Containing Aluminum Anodizing Waste Obtained by Different Industrial Drying Processes","authors":"G. Straffelini, P. Jayashree, Andrea Barbieri, Roberto Masciocchi","doi":"10.3390/lubricants12050173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12050173","url":null,"abstract":"With sustainability dominating the industry, recycling the generated waste from different processes is becoming increasingly important. This study focuses on recycling waste generated during aluminum anodizing waste (AAW) in friction material formulations for automotive braking applications. However, before utilization, the waste needs to be pre-treated, which mainly involves drying. Hence, four different industrial drying methods were studied to dry the AAW, and the corresponding characteristics were observed by evaluating its residual humidity and crushability index. The waste powders were further characterized using FT-IR and SEM/EDXS to understand their constituents. The initial analysis showed that the waste subjected to the drying process P2 and P1 with the lowest final humidity fetched the most desirable results, with P1 having the simpler drying procedure. The AAW powders were added in a commercial friction material formulation at 6 and 12 wt.% and subjected to friction, wear, and non-exhaust particulate matter analysis. The worn surfaces were analyzed using SEM/EDXS evaluation to understand the extension and composition of the deposited secondary contact plateaus. It was seen that the 12 wt.% addition of waste processed using the P1 technique provided the most satisfactory friction, wear, and emission characteristics, along with expansive secondary contact plateaus with a good contribution of the waste in its formation. This study showed a good relationship between the processing method and a formulation’s tribological and emission characteristics, thereby paving the way for using this drying method for other waste requiring pre-treatment.","PeriodicalId":502914,"journal":{"name":"Lubricants","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140988795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the Nitriding Effect on the Adhesion and Wear Behavior of CrN-, AlTiN-, and CrN/AlTiN-Coated X45CrMoV5-3-1 Tool Steel Formed Via Cathodic Arc Physical Vapor Deposition 氮化对通过阴极电弧物理气相沉积成型的 CrN、AlTiN 和 CrN/AlTiN 涂层 X45CrMoV5-3-1 工具钢的附着力和磨损行为的影响研究

Lubricants Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.3390/lubricants12050170

Gülşah Aktaş Çelik, Konstantinos Fountas, Ş. Atapek, Ş. Polat, Eleni Kamoutsi, Anna D. Zervaki

{"title":"Investigation of the Nitriding Effect on the Adhesion and Wear Behavior of CrN-, AlTiN-, and CrN/AlTiN-Coated X45CrMoV5-3-1 Tool Steel Formed Via Cathodic Arc Physical Vapor Deposition","authors":"Gülşah Aktaş Çelik, Konstantinos Fountas, Ş. Atapek, Ş. Polat, Eleni Kamoutsi, Anna D. Zervaki","doi":"10.3390/lubricants12050170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12050170","url":null,"abstract":"Monolayer (CrN, AlTiN) and bilayer (CrN/AlTiN) coatings are formed on the surface of conventional heat-treated and gas-nitrided X45CrMoV5-3-1 tool steel via Cathodic Arc Physical Vapor Deposition (CAPVD), and the adhesion characteristics and room- and high-temperature wear behavior of the coatings are compared with those of the un-nitrided ones. Scratch tests on the coatings show that the bilayer coating exhibits better adhesion behavior compared to monolayer ones, and the adhesion is further increased in all coatings due to the high load carrying capacity of the diffusion layer formed by the nitriding process. Dry friction tests performed at room temperature reveal that, among ceramic-based coatings, the coating system with a high adhesion has the lowest specific wear rate (0.06 × 10−6 mm3/N·m), and not only the surface hardness but also the nitriding process is important for reducing this rate. Studies on wear surfaces indicate that the bilayer coating structure has a tendency to remove the surface over a longer period of time. Hot wear tests performed at a temperature (450 °C) corresponding to aluminum extrusion conditions show that high friction coefficient values (>1) are reached due to aluminum transfer from the counterpart material to the surface and failure develops through droplet delamination. Adhesion and tribological tests indicate that the best performance among the systems studied belongs to the steel–CrN/AlTiN system and this performance can be further increased via the nitriding process.","PeriodicalId":502914,"journal":{"name":"Lubricants","volume":" 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140990507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0