Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Sunflower Hybrids Variability in Response to Drought Stress: Implications for Oil and Protein Content Optimization","authors":"Abdul Basit, Muhammad Ahmad, Usama Ahmad Khan, Aqsa Jabeen, Muhammad Usman Durrani, Reema Kiran, Aqsa Khalid, Muhammad Niaz","doi":"10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i05.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i05.004","url":null,"abstract":"Oilseed crops are third most important for human being after cereals and sugars. Sunflower is a vital oilseed crop, which is grown globally for its oil purposes. Sunflower seeds are also the most important protein source. Sunflower contains two primary protein types: water-soluble albumins and salt-soluble globulins. The genotype plays a crucial role in determining the fatty acid composition of oil. However, environmental factors like water availability and temperature fluctuations during the grain-filling stage can also significantly impact on oil content. That’s why this study was aimed to investigate the impact of water deficit environments on seed yield and related traits of sunflower hybrids. In this study seven sunflower hybrids (SF-177, Pl-64 A 93, Hysun-33, Hysun-39, US-666, FSS-64 and Agsun-5264) were sown according to RCBD by using three replications. Data was recorded days taken to initiation of flowering, plant height, 1000 seed weight, oil content and protein content. Results showed that drought stress adversely affected all the parameters in this experiment, but some hybrids perform better for yield and oil content under drought conditions. Such as hybrid SF-177 and Hysun-39 represented least difference in 1000 achenes weight under normal and drought conditions. Hybrid FSS-64 (44.33%) and Hysun-33 (43.66%) showed highest oil content under drought conditions. While hybrid Agsun-5264 and Hysun-39 showed maximum protein content under drought stress.","PeriodicalId":502674,"journal":{"name":"Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140988602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in Mutation Breeding in Phalsa (Grewia asiatica L.) Crop Improvement: A Comprehensive Review of Radiation and Chemical Induced Mutagenesis Studies","authors":"Sumbal Aleem, Sara Fatima, Muhammad Awais Arshad,, Hamza Nasir, Haroon Ur Rasheed, Umair Shoukat, Muhammad Noman, Z. Abdeen, Qadeer Ur Rehman, Muhammad Saadullah Khan","doi":"10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i05.002","url":null,"abstract":"Phalsa (Grewia asiatica L.), a member of the Tiliaceae family, is a remarkable fruit-bearing shrub with significant medicinal and nutritional value. Originating in South Asia, it has gained popularity worldwide, particularly in subtropical and tropical regions. This review comprehensively examines the botanical characteristics, medicinal properties, nutritional composition, cultivation practices, and challenges faced by Phalsa growers, with a focus on its potential for crop improvement through mutagenesis and polyploidization techniques. With around 150 species, Grewia is the sole genus in the Tiliaceae family that produces edible fruit. Phalsa bushes, known for their rapid growth, yield orbicular fruits with moderately acidic yet nutritious pulp. The fruit is esteemed for its medicinal benefits, ranging from anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties to its use in treating various respiratory and cardiovascular ailments. Despite its nutritional and medicinal significance, Phalsa cultivation faces challenges such as poor post-harvest management, limited germplasm diversity, and abiotic stress susceptibility. To address these challenges and enhance Phalsa's agricultural potential, mutagenesis and polyploidization techniques have been explored. Induced mutagenesis offers a promising avenue for creating genetic diversity and improving traits such as stress tolerance and disease resistance. However, culture contamination remains a significant obstacle in achieving optimal shoot initiation and propagation efficiency. Overall, this review underscores the importance of Phalsa as a valuable crop with immense medicinal and nutritional benefits. By leveraging mutagenesis, polyploidization, and tissue culture techniques, Phalsa growers can overcome existing challenges and unlock its full agricultural potential, contributing to food security and public health.","PeriodicalId":502674,"journal":{"name":"Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140994260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation and Agricultural Significance of Syzygium cumini L. in Saline Environments: A Global Perspective on Jamun Cultivation and Salt Stress Resilience","authors":"Haroon Ur Rasheed, Umair Shoukat, Usama Arshad, Sobia Afzal, Muhammad Saadullah Khan, Sumbal Aleem, Sara Fatima, Muhammad Noman, Rai Waseem Hasan, Muhammad Awais Arshad,","doi":"10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i05.003","url":null,"abstract":"Syzygium cumini L., known commonly as jamun, is a fruit tree with significant adaptability to diverse environmental conditions, particularly saline soils. This review comprehensively explores the adaptation mechanisms of jamun to saline environments and its agricultural significance on a global scale. Given the increasing soil salinization worldwide, understanding the resilience of crops like jamun is crucial for sustainable agricultural practices in salt-affected regions. Jamun is native to the Indian subcontinent but has been cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Its ability to withstand various abiotic stresses, especially soil salinity, makes it an ideal candidate for cultivation in areas prone to such conditions. This review highlights the physiological and biochemical responses of jamun to high salinity, including ion regulation, osmotic adjustment, and antioxidant activity. These mechanisms help the plant maintain growth and productivity in environments where many other crops fail. Additionally, the review discusses the importance of jamun in traditional medicine and its nutritional benefits, emphasizing its potential for enhancing food security in saline-affected areas. The fruit's rich composition of vitamins, antioxidants, and minerals underscores its nutritional value, making it a beneficial addition to the diet in regions with limited crop diversity due to salinity. Furthermore, the paper addresses the agricultural practices conducive to maximizing jamun's yield in saline environments, including suitable propagation techniques and water management strategies. It also explores the genetic diversity within Syzygium cumini species, which could be leveraged to breed varieties with enhanced salt tolerance and better fruit quality. In conclusion, the global cultivation of jamun not only contributes to biodiversity but also offers a viable solution for agricultural productivity in salt-impacted soils. Continued research and development efforts are essential to optimize cultivation practices and expand the use of jamun in saline agriculture.","PeriodicalId":502674,"journal":{"name":"Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences","volume":" 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140995775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitiligo Causes and Treatment: A Review","authors":"R. Abduljabbar","doi":"10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i05.001","url":null,"abstract":"Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by patches of skin losing pigment due to the destruction of melanocytes, the cells responsible for producing pigment. The condition can affect people of all ages and ethnicities, with symptoms including milky-white patches on the skin, premature graying of hair, and color loss in mucous membranes like the mouth or nose. Among the main causes of vitiligo are; Autoimmune Response: Vitiligo is primarily an autoimmune disease where the immune system mistakenly attacks melanocytes, leading to depigmentation. Factors like family history, genetic predisposition, and immune system disorders contribute to its development, Triggers: Events such as sunburn, emotional distress, or exposure to certain chemicals can trigger or exacerbate vitiligo. The treatment options are; Medications: Treatments include light therapy (phototherapy), oral medications like psoralen combined with UVA light (PUVA), and depigmentation therapy using monobenzone to match skin tones Surgery: Surgical options are available for some cases of vitiligo and Psychological Support: Counseling and mental health services can help individuals cope with the emotional impact of vitiligo, in conclusion, v is a multifaceted skin condition lacking a conclusive remedy, many types of vitiligo, but the most common one is Non-segmental Vitiligo (NSV), honmental and genetic are the most important causes of vitiligo. Important symptoms of vitiligo are; depigmented patches, hair discoloration, sensitivity to sunlight, treatment of vitiligo have many approach, among them are; topical Corticosteroids, phototherapy and Cosmetic Camouflage.","PeriodicalId":502674,"journal":{"name":"Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"4 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141021057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Benefits and Risks of Herbicides Use in Forestry – Review","authors":"Muhammad Awais Arshad, Sana Rouf, Rana Nadeem Abbas, Kainat Aleem, Amna Sarwar, Zainab Shahbaz, Rania Baloch, H. Rehman, Muhammad Talha Masood","doi":"10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i02.001","url":null,"abstract":"The use of herbicides in forests is important for enhancing tree growth and forest productivity. By effectively controlling competing vegetation, herbicides facilitate the survival and healthy development of young trees. They also play a key role in efficient forest management, contributing to the sustainability and economic viability of forestry practices. This effective vegetation management is crucial for meeting global demands for wood and forest products. This comprehensive review critically examines the dualistic nature of herbicide use in forestry, exploring both its environmental benefits and risks. The paper delves into the historical evolution of herbicide technology in forest management, highlighting its significant role in enhancing tree growth and wood volume yields. With a focus on long-term studies it is analysis the efficacy of herbicides in improving forest productivity and their compatibility with environmental sustainability. The review also addresses the contentious debate surrounding herbicide use, particularly its perceived threats to biodiversity conservation and wildlife management. Additionally, we explore alternative vegetation management strategies, including biological control methods like Mycoherbicides, and discuss emerging trends in sustainable forest management. The paper aims to provide a balanced understanding of the interplay between economic benefits and ecological imperatives in modern forestry, emphasizing the need for a nuanced approach to herbicide use. Through this exploration, the review contributes to the discourse on harmonizing forest management practices with environmental stewardship.","PeriodicalId":502674,"journal":{"name":"Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"51 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139868599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Benefits and Risks of Herbicides Use in Forestry – Review","authors":"Muhammad Awais Arshad, Sana Rouf, Rana Nadeem Abbas, Kainat Aleem, Amna Sarwar, Zainab Shahbaz, Rania Baloch, H. Rehman, Muhammad Talha Masood","doi":"10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i02.001","url":null,"abstract":"The use of herbicides in forests is important for enhancing tree growth and forest productivity. By effectively controlling competing vegetation, herbicides facilitate the survival and healthy development of young trees. They also play a key role in efficient forest management, contributing to the sustainability and economic viability of forestry practices. This effective vegetation management is crucial for meeting global demands for wood and forest products. This comprehensive review critically examines the dualistic nature of herbicide use in forestry, exploring both its environmental benefits and risks. The paper delves into the historical evolution of herbicide technology in forest management, highlighting its significant role in enhancing tree growth and wood volume yields. With a focus on long-term studies it is analysis the efficacy of herbicides in improving forest productivity and their compatibility with environmental sustainability. The review also addresses the contentious debate surrounding herbicide use, particularly its perceived threats to biodiversity conservation and wildlife management. Additionally, we explore alternative vegetation management strategies, including biological control methods like Mycoherbicides, and discuss emerging trends in sustainable forest management. The paper aims to provide a balanced understanding of the interplay between economic benefits and ecological imperatives in modern forestry, emphasizing the need for a nuanced approach to herbicide use. Through this exploration, the review contributes to the discourse on harmonizing forest management practices with environmental stewardship.","PeriodicalId":502674,"journal":{"name":"Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139808698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in Photosynthesis, Plant Hormones and Applications in Plant Growth","authors":"Azka Saleem, Muhammad Wasim Qasim, Aziz Ahmad, Amna Bibi, I. Haq, Arshad Abbas Khan, A. Ayesha, Muhammad Sajjad, Raja Umair","doi":"10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i01.003","url":null,"abstract":"Changes in the pigment and protein complexes involved in the light reactions of photosynthesis can be caused by environmental conditions, particularly those related to light quality and intensity during growth. The metabolome analysis of rice and soybean showed that dehydration stress increased the levels of galactinol and raffinose. One key method by which microorganisms control plant development has been proposed to be the generation of auxin or auxin precursors by bacteria associated with roots, or the manipulation of auxin production in plants. The effects of pathogenic and beneficial root-interacting fungi on the hormone content and auxin responsiveness of Arabidopsis, as determined by the auxin-inducible promoter system. Many developmental processes, like stem elongation, germination, vegetative growth, blooming, and reproduction, are regulated by GAs. Analyzing the metabolome of Several distinct defensive mechanisms function in different ways to prevent or lessen harm. Coeluting substances in the sample matrix have an effect on the analyte signals. They can impede or, less frequently, increase the analyte's ionization process, producing stronger or weaker signals, respectively. Furthermore, auxin, a different hormone present in plants, combines with cytokinins to prevent senescence, which, at least in its early stages, serves as a structured metabolic time and a tissue breakdown. Furthermore, synthetic amino acids with unique light-absorbing side chains may be used to add colors to such a new photosystem and rice showed that under circumstances of dehydration stress, levels of galactinol and raffinose were enhanced.","PeriodicalId":502674,"journal":{"name":"Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"76 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139613034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Assessment of Mizaj (Temperament) in Patients of COPD","authors":"Parray Mushtaq Ahmad, Shiekh Zahoor Ahmad, Shakir Jameel, A. Qadeer","doi":"10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i01.002","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Unani system of medicine is based on the theory of Mizaj and Akhlat which is considered as the basics of Unani therapeutics. Mizaj is defined as the admixture of four humours (Akhlat), the quantity and quality of which determines the particular Mizaj of an individual. Every individual has its own unique Mizaj (temperament), hence reacts to various internal and external stimuli viz. Air, water, diet, drug, climate, emotions, body reactions etc. differently according to temperament. Hence, Mizaj plays an important role in diagnosis and treatment of any disease. According to the classical texts of Unani Medicine, it is the concentration, quality and quantity of humours which forms the base and cause of health and disease in an individual. As per Unani doctrine, Mar’d (Disease) is caused either due to Su’ Mizaj (abnormal temperament), Su’tarkib (abnormal composition/structure) or Taffaruk Ittesal (discontinuity). This study was conducted at Majeedia Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Hamdard University, New Delhi India to evaluate the Mizaj (Temperament) of patients of COPD. Out of 60 patients enrolled for the study, 52 (86.6%) were Balghami, 03 (5%) were Damwi, 05 (8.3%) were Safravi and none was of Sawdawi Mizaj. Thus, it was evident that COPD is more common in Balghami Mizaj patients.","PeriodicalId":502674,"journal":{"name":"Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"57 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139533036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Understanding the Plant’s Secret Language for Communication and its Application","authors":"Chandan Das","doi":"10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2024.v09i01.001","url":null,"abstract":"Plants engage in communication through diverse methods, encompassing chemical signals, sound waves, and root networks. These signals serve to convey information about environmental challenges such as drought and disease, and play a role in attracting pollinators or deterring predators. Coined as the \"plant's secret language\" by Tompkins and Bird in 1973 [1] Tompkins, P., & Bird, C. [1973]. Scientists have identified specific compounds that plants use to signal to one another, including volatile organic compounds [VOCs] and herbivore-induced plant volatiles [HIPVs] that can be released into the air and root exudates that are released into the soil. Recent research has shed light on the mechanisms behind this communication, revealing that plants have a sophisticated network of sensory and signalling pathways that allow them to perceive and respond to various stimuli. The review covers a range of topics, including how plants communicate with each other, how they respond to biotic and abiotic stresses, and how they use this communication to defend against pathogens and predators[herbivore]. It also discusses the potential applications of this knowledge in various fields, such as agriculture, medicine, and environmental monitoring. Overall, this review study highlights the importance of understanding the plant's secret language for communication and its potential applications in various fields like agriculture, conservation, and medicine.","PeriodicalId":502674,"journal":{"name":"Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"77 s340","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139629871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity Index and Phenotypic Character Analysis for Important Qualitative Traits of Sunflower [Helianthus annuus L] Genotypes in Central Highlands of Ethiopia","authors":"Tilahun Mola","doi":"10.36348/sjls.2023.v08i10.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36348/sjls.2023.v08i10.006","url":null,"abstract":"Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an important oilseed crop. It is grown for vegetable and industrial oils in the world. Sunflower oil is considered to be of supreme quality. The Production, productivity and area coverage of sunflower in Ethiopia is low and below the world average due to different reasons. Sunflower can contribute a big share in improving local edible oil production due to its short interval for maturity, high oil contents, better fitting in the cropping pattern, tolerance to drought and its high yield potential. Therefore, this study was conducted to quantify genetic variability of fourteen qualitative traits using Shannon-waver diversity index. A total of 220 genotypes including checks varieties were evaluated in 2020/21 main cropping season at Holeta, Ethiopia. Alpha lattice design was used with two replications and eleven blocks were nested within a replication. Based on fourteen qualitative traits significant variability or dissimilarity was observed among Sunflower genotypes. Analysis of Shannon-waver diversity index shows that H' values ranges from ~0.075 for leaf arrangement to ~0.99 for bract shape at the back of sunflower head. This shows that there is considerable diversity among the studied genotypes for the qualitative traits which can have good indications and amplification during selections of genotypes in sunflower improvement either ornamental type, confectionery or oil type sunflower.","PeriodicalId":502674,"journal":{"name":"Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139253404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}