Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science最新文献

{"title":"Mitigation of Soil Pollution by Biodegradation of Plastic Materials through Activity of Mealworms","authors":"H. Kanwal, Tahreem Fatima, Umer Sharif, Iqra Maryam, Komal Naz, Fareesa Ameer, Sanaullah","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2023/v8i4240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2023/v8i4240","url":null,"abstract":"An excellent illustration of this idea is the use of insects in circular production systems, since they are capable of converting a variety of organic waste and byproducts into nutrient-rich feedstocks that are subsequently recycled back into the production cycle. This study reviews the use and applicability of mealworms (Tenebrio molitor) in many industries, including food, agriculture, pharmaceuticals, and more, in order to investigate their potential in circular production systems. This insect is highly versatile and has the potential to replace other sources of nutrients and other vital components, but its adoption and acceptability are currently hampered by a number of behavioral and legislative issues. The majority of plastics made from petroleum do not biodegrade in the environment. Research on the biodegradation of plastics by insects was prompted by observations of damage, penetration, and ingestion of plastics by insects and their larvae. More investigation is required to fully understand the mechanisms underlying the fast biodegradation of PS and PE. It is probable that intestinal microbial activities and the host digestive system work in concert to produce this effect. This review's primary goal is to examine insects' potential from a circular economy standpoint, with a particular emphasis on mealworm larvae. This research will also help to mitigate climate change by lowering soil contamination.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"107 S2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139147008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal Activity of Cassia fistula L. Extracts against Macrophomina phaseolina (TASSI.) Goid.: In vitro Study","authors":"Swati Choudhary, Dipjyoti Chakraborty","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2023/v8i4239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2023/v8i4239","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To evaluate the anti-fungal properties of Cassia fistula with alcohol soluble and aqueous extracts against Macrophomina phaseolina. Methods: Ethanolic, methanolic and aqueous extracts were prepared and qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytoconstituents was done. The antioxidant and antifungal activity of the extracts were determined. Results: It was observed that the methanolic extract had the highest (15.65%) extraction yield, whereas ethanolic extract had the lowest (12.45%) extraction yield. While screening for secondary metabolites, cardiac glycosides were found to be lacking in all three solvent extracts, while sterols was absent in the aqueous extract. The methanolic extract contained the highest amounts of phenolic compounds (13.38±0.060 mg GAE/g dw.), flavonoid (10.58±0.074 mg QUE/g dw.), tannin (11.43±0.052 mg TAE/g dw.), and alkaloid (16.18±0.062 mg AE/g dw.). The highest antioxidant activity was observed in the methanolic extract at 300 µg/ml (% inhibition, 63.02%). Antifungal activity against M. phaseolina was also highest (68.07%) for the methanolic fraction. Conclusion: C. fistula extracts may be further be explored to formulate antifungal agents.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"32 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139172612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Significance of Nanoparticles in Plant Tolerance to Abiotic Stress in Horticulture Crops: A Review","authors":"Muhammad Faisal, Muhammad Awais, Naghina Kanwal, Asima Rafi, Iram Batool, Muhammad Zeeshan Hanif, Rimsha Zaheer","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2023/v8i4229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2023/v8i4229","url":null,"abstract":"Not only are horticultural crops necessary for human sustenance, but they also enhance the aesthetic appeal of our surroundings. They provide a wealth of essential nutrients in addition to visual attractiveness. However, abiotic factors such as heat, drought, nutrient deficits, and heavy metal stress pose several obstacles to these crops, severely impeding their development and output. Many approaches have been used to address these issues, such as genetic alterations to increase stress resistance. Several industry applications, including agricultural ones. Nanotechnology offers novel solutions in the field of agriculture, including the remediation of soil and water, plant protection at the nanoscale, and the application of nano-nutrition to crops. In order to ensure sustained success in horticulture crops that face a range of environmental problems, these applications are essential. Nevertheless, there is still much to learn about the specific ways in which nanoparticles interact with plants, even in spite of the fact that their use in a wide range of applications is growing. This offers agriculture a successful and sustainable future.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139218809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for High-Yielding Barley Genotypes with Adequate Foliar Disease Resistance in North Delta of Egypt","authors":"EL-Shawy E. E., Ashgan M. Abd El-Azeem, Sally E. El-Wakeel, A. Shahin, Mohamed A. Gad","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2023/v8i4228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2023/v8i4228","url":null,"abstract":"In addressing the global impact of fungal foliar diseases on barley yield; namely powdery mildew, net blotch and leaf rust, this study undertakes a robust phenotypic and genotypic evaluation. A set of 132 barley genotypes, were evaluated under conditions of elevated pathogenic stress. Multivariate analyses revealed statistically significant inter-genotypic variances for all measured agronomic and pathological traits, concomitant with noticeable seasonal effects. In a nuanced observation, the genotype-by-season interaction elicited significant impacts across a plethora of traits, with the exception of spike length and thousand grain weight. From a quantitative genetics perspective, broad-sense heritability estimates were remarkably high: 97.2% for powdery mildew, 89.3% for net blotch, and 97.5% for leaf rust. Concurrently, genetic advance estimates for biological yield, grain yield, powdery mildew, net blotch, and leaf rust registered in the high to very high categories. Correlational analyses substantiated a positive linear relationship between grain yield and maturity date, plant height and biological yield. Using biplot analysis, 12 genotypes were identified that showed high yield and resistance to powdery mildew, net blotch, and leaf rust. Thus, investigation illuminates the possibility of deploying high-yielding, disease-resistant barley cultivars as an effective strategy for mitigating the deleterious effects of fungal foliar pathogens on barley production in Egypt.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139229089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Salinity Stress on Growth Parameters of Soybeans (Glycine max) Cultivated in Obubra Local Government Area, of Cross River State Nigeria","authors":"A. Aboh, Eyong, Oduba Ikwa","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2023/v8i4227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2023/v8i4227","url":null,"abstract":"Soybean (Glycine max) is a strategic crop plant grown to obtain edible oil and forage. High sensitivity is one of the biggest problems with soybean crop. A pot experiment was conducted in the screen house at the Cross River University of Technology, Obubra Campus to investigate the effects of different salt concentrations on the growth parameters of three different varieties of soybeans (Glycine max). The experiment was laid in complete randomized design (CRD) with twenty replicates for each variety. Growth parameters which include germination percentage, plant height, number of leaves and number of branches per plant were measured, and data collected was subjected to statistical analysis using Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means were compared using Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT). The results showed that salinity stress led to a significant reduction in percentage of germination, plant height, number of leaves, and number of branches per plant over control. At 30mM NaCl which was the highest level of saline water TGX 1987-10F had a better germination percentage as compared to other varieties, which might be because of some salt tolerant genes. Plant height reduced significantly under salinity stress as compared with the control, but TGX 1835-10F at 30mM which was the highest saline treatment showed a better salt tolerance level as compared with other varieties. Number of leaves per plant, as the salinity levels increases it affected the number of leaves. There was a drastic reduction in the number of leaves with increasing salinity levels as compared with the control. TGX 1987-10F had the highest number of leaves and it was closely followed by TGX 1835-10E while 1448-2E was the least and there were significantly different from the ones at different salinity levels. The result revealed highly significant differences (p=0.05) in the varieties, with TGX 1987-10F as the best variety appropriate for saline regions. It is therefore recommended that, TGX 1987-10F should be cultivated in saline regions since it showed a better tolerance level as compared to other varieties.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"33 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139246210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using CRISPR/Cas9 Technology to Improve Crops and Address the Global Food Crisis: A Review","authors":"Muhammad Ashar Abdullah, Sana Fatima, Fasiha Khaliq, Muzamal Mehmood, Talha Yousaf, Muhammad Bilal Mustafa, Muhammad Qamer Abbas, Ali Hassan","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2023/v8i4226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2023/v8i4226","url":null,"abstract":"By developing a revolutionary method for modifying the genomes of living things, genome editing (GE) has completely changed the biological sciences. Recent years have seen the development of several technologies that make altering complex genomes possible. For agricultural crop production to be sustained and contribute to global food security, a fast and dependable method of raising yield and resilience to different environmental pressures is therefore required. The GE instruments for crop enhancement are explained in detail in this analytical research. Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcriptional activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) are a few examples of these tools. This category also includes mega-nucleases (MNs). In particular, the most recent advancements in the use of CRISPR/Cas9 for genome editing for major agricultural improvements - like the creation of crops that are more yielding and of higher quality - are covered this paper. When this approach is put into practice, non-transgene crops with desired traits will be produced, which might lead to increased yield capacity under different environmental challenges. To increase agricultural production and guarantee food security, the CRISPR/Cas9 methodology may be used in conjunction with existing and future breeding techniques (such as omics-assisted breeding and speed breeding). The difficulties and restrictions associated with CRISPR/Cas9 have also been covered. Plant breeders and scientists doing a detailed analysis of the use of CRISPR/Cas9 to enhance crops by focusing on the desired gene will find this material to be helpful.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139257811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Crop Protection and Yield through Precision Agriculture and Integrated Pest Management: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Alhaji Alusine Kebe, Shumaila Hameed, Muhammad Sohail Farooq, Abu Sufyan, Muhammad Babar Malook, Sayed Awais, Muhammad Riaz, Muhammad Waseem, Usman Amjad, Nasir Abbas","doi":"10.9734/ajrcs/2023/v8i4225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2023/v8i4225","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing global population has intensified the necessity for sustainable and efficient agricultural practices. One promising avenue for meeting this demand is the synergy between Precision Agriculture (PA) and Integrated Pest Management (IPM). This review paper aims to scrutinize the multifaceted relationship between PA and IPM in augmenting crop protection and yield. Utilizing a comprehensive analysis of existing literature, the study elucidates how cutting-edge technologies in PA, such as drone imaging and soil sensor networks, can be harmoniously integrated with IPM strategies. These encompass biological, chemical, and cultural tactics to manage pest populations and mitigate damage, thereby fostering an environment conducive to optimal crop growth. The review identifies that the confluence of PA and IPM not only enhances the efficiency of resource use but also mitigates the environmental footprint of agricultural activities. Moreover, we delve into case studies that demonstrate significant yield improvements and cost reductions, underscoring the economic viability of integrating PA and IPM. The findings highlight the transformative potential of marrying these two domains, suggesting that such integration could be a cornerstone in the future of sustainable agriculture. The paper concludes by outlining research gaps and proposing avenues for future studies, emphasizing the need for multi-disciplinary approaches to fully unlock the potential of this integration.","PeriodicalId":502393,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science","volume":"49 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139264981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}