{"title":"Future-oriented and Progress in DNA Vaccine and Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Human Diseases","authors":"Shivani Biragi, Satish Dod, Tejas Singh, Upendra Prajapati, Shaily Chaudhary","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i3265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i3265","url":null,"abstract":"In the domain of vaccination, DNA antibodies have transformed into a striking methodology that appreciates different high grounds over ordinary vaccination modalities. A design of the vital considerations behind DNA vaccinations, their technique for action, and energy upgrades in their assessment are given in this hypothetical. Trustworthy immunity is made by DNA courses of action, which use plasmid DNA encoding antigenic proteins to move humoral and cell-safe responses. They are in like manner a secured and versatile stage for immunization considering their capacity to replicate a trademark illness without spreading disorder. DNA inoculations are dynamic against different versatile contaminations, including those achieved by microorganisms, diseases, and parasite organisms. Furthermore, updates in adjuvants, plan frameworks, and association techniques have raised their immunogenicity and adequacy. Notwithstanding the way that there have been a couple of sure new developments, enormous checks really ought to be addressed to redesign power.\" DNA inoculations, by and large, address a promising street for making state-of-the-art antibodies arranged to effectively fight emerging overwhelming risks.","PeriodicalId":502352,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"6 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141816129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B.H. Abubakar, M. H. Yeldu, W. Usman, S.S. Bello, M. Bello, I.U. Leje, Y. Ibrahim, I. Z. Wasagu
{"title":"Prophylactic Effects of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Momordica balsamina Against CCL4 Induced Liver Injury in Wistar Rats","authors":"B.H. Abubakar, M. H. Yeldu, W. Usman, S.S. Bello, M. Bello, I.U. Leje, Y. Ibrahim, I. Z. Wasagu","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i3266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i3266","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Liver injury can result from various causes, including alcohol consumption, viral infections (such as hepatitis), autoimmune diseases, metabolic disorders, and exposure to certain chemicals, drugs or toxins. It can manifest as inflammation, fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, or acute liver failure, depending on the cause and severity. Treatment often involves addressing the underlying cause, lifestyle changes (such as avoiding alcohol or certain medications), and sometimes medication to support liver function or manage specific conditions. Early detection and management are crucial for preventing further damage and promoting liver health. Studies have reported the effects of Momordica balsamina on liver injury. \u0000Aim: This study aim to evaluate the prophylactic effect of methanolic leaf extract of Momordica balsamina against CCL4-induced liver injury in Wistar Rats. \u0000Methodology: The fresh leaves of Momordica balsamina were purchased at Marina Market, Sokoto, the plant was air dry at room temperature for 2 weeks and the air-dried leaves were processed with methanol to obtain methanolic extract. An acute toxicity study of M. balsamina extract was conducted with six doses (10, 100, 1000, 1600, 2900 and 5000 mg/kg) to evaluate its safety. Phytochemical analysis of the extract was carried out to detect the presence or absence of carbohydrates, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, protein, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides and steroids. A total of 42 Wistar rats (170±20g) of either sex roughly of the same age (8-10 weeks) were used for the study. After two weeks of acclimatization, the rats were randomly divided into six groups of seven rats each; group 1 (normal control) treated with distilled water and vital feeds; groups 2 (Negative control) CCl4 treated with liver injury not on treatment; group 3 (Standard control) CCl4 liver injury treated with 50 mg/kg Silymarin; group 4 (500 mg/kg M. balsamina + 2mL CCl4); group 5 (1000 mg/kg M. balsamina + 2mL CCl4) and group 6 (1500 mg/kg M. balsamina + 2mL CCl4) for 4 weeks. On the last day, the rats were anaesthetized, and blood and liver organ were collected for biochemical and histomorphology study. \u0000Results: The prophylactic effects of methanolic leaf extract of Momordica balsamina against CCl4-induced liver injury were evaluated on liver function tests (LFTs) and Malondialdehyde (MDA). This study shows that Momordica balsamina extract significantly (P< 0.05) decreased the level of serum AST, ALT, ALP, TB and DB positively by inhibiting their raise at dose-dependent manner compared to the negative control, equally, the extract increased the serum level of Albumin and total protein when compared to the negative control. On the other hand, the extract shows significant reduction of serum level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) near to normal at varying dose. The finding of the prophylactic effect of methanolic leaf extract of Momordica balsamina on histology shows significant improvement on liver cell with","PeriodicalId":502352,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141817155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kosasih Kosasih, Ananta Altriyuana, Zainur Rahman Hakim
{"title":"A Comparative Study of Anti-elastase Activity of Extract, Extract-loaded Nanoparticle, and Serum Gels of Indonesian Bilberry Leaves","authors":"Kosasih Kosasih, Ananta Altriyuana, Zainur Rahman Hakim","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i3264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i3264","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: To do a comparative study of the anti-elastase activity of the extract, extract-loaded gelatin nanoparticles, and serum gels of Indonesian Bilberry leaves. \u0000Methods: Extraction of the leaves used the maceration method with 70% ethanol at a pH of 2 and dried using a rotavapor and an oven. The dry extracts were phytochemical screened and tested for specific and non-specific parameters. The synthesis of gelatin nanoparticles used the desolvation method with polymer gelatin and cross-linker glutaraldehyde, and then they were characterized. The extracts and the gelatin nanoparticles were formulated into serum gels and evaluated for physical, chemical, and anti-elastase activity at 40°C for six weeks. The extracts, nanoparticles, and formulations were assayed for anti-elastase activity at 410 nm. \u0000Results: The extracts met standards, while the nanoparticles showed particle sizes of 174.7 nm, polydispersity index of 0.34, zeta potential of 2.82 mV, entrapment efficiency of 38.6%, aldimine on FTIR, and shape of stacked nanoparticles. The anti-elastase activity of the extract was 49.37 ppm, while the nanoparticles were 72.92 ppm, respectively. In addition, the serum gels of F1 were 117.92 ppm, and F2 were 142.92 ppm. F1 and F2 were stable during storage. It is still possible to enhance the activity of the serum gels, such as by increasing the addition of actives. \u0000Conclusion: The extract, gelatin nanoparticles, and serum gels of F1 and F2 have anti-elastase activity in the potent category for the extract and nanoparticles, while moderate category for F1 and F2. The serum gels are physicochemically stable during storage.","PeriodicalId":502352,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"120 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141819834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"America’s Healthcare System: A Looming Crises","authors":"Prince Akpokiro","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i3263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i3263","url":null,"abstract":"America's healthcare system faces a critical juncture marked by escalating costs, disparities in access, and systemic inefficiencies. This paper explores the imminent crisis, analyzing factors contributing to its complexity and urgency. Through examination of current trends and policy frameworks, it highlights the need for transformative reforms to ensure equitable, sustainable, and patient-centered care. By addressing affordability, quality, and accessibility, this study uncovers systemic deficiencies undermining the health of millions. It advocates for collaborative solutions that prioritize equity and innovation, emphasizing all citizens' fundamental right to healthcare.","PeriodicalId":502352,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evaristus Chinonso Odoh, Shadrach Chinecherem Eze, U. Anyaji, Kingsley Chinemerem Eze, Emmanuel Chijiekwu Nwachukwu, G. O. Ozota, K. Egwu, Caleb Chijindu Ugorji, Joy Chekwube Onyesoro, Jude Nwiyi Chimaobi, Njoku Chukwuemeka Chidindu, V. C. Akwu, Wisdom Enyinnaya Arugo, Chioma Chikezie Igu
{"title":"Knowledge, Perception and Practice among Pharmacy Students Regarding Self-Medication in Eastern Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Survey","authors":"Evaristus Chinonso Odoh, Shadrach Chinecherem Eze, U. Anyaji, Kingsley Chinemerem Eze, Emmanuel Chijiekwu Nwachukwu, G. O. Ozota, K. Egwu, Caleb Chijindu Ugorji, Joy Chekwube Onyesoro, Jude Nwiyi Chimaobi, Njoku Chukwuemeka Chidindu, V. C. Akwu, Wisdom Enyinnaya Arugo, Chioma Chikezie Igu","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i3262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i3262","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The prevalence of self-medication is increasing, not only among the general public but also among college and university students in the health field. \u0000Aim: This study aims to assess the knowledge, perception and practice of self-medication among pharmacy students in the university of Nigeria, Nsukka. \u0000Methods: This was a university-based cross-sectional study of 354 pharmacy students using a self-administered e-questionnaire. Data were summarized with descriptive statistics, chi square tests were used to assess association between the dependent and independent variables at a p<0.05. \u0000Results: The prevalence of self-medication was 82% in this population. Among the respondents, 294(83.1%) demonstrated good knowledge of self-medication. Reasons for respondent’s practice of self-medication include; easy access to online treatment guidelines (39.5%), knowledge of therapy for minor ailments (36.4%), and time considerations (45.2%). The commonest classes of drugs used for self-medication by our respondents were; Antimalarials (85.9%), Antibiotics (74.9%), Analgesics (76.0%) and Gastrointestinals (59.6%). No significant association was found between students’ sociodemographic characteristics and their knowledge and practice of self-medication. \u0000Conclusion: While the pharmacy students demonstrated a remarkable understanding of self-medication, they frequently engaged in this harmful practice, particularly using antibiotics, antimalarials, and analgesics. This study highlights the need for a greater emphasis on antimicrobial stewardship and the dangers of self-medication in the pharmacy curriculum.","PeriodicalId":502352,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"64 33","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141651651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prediction and Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Using Machine Learning Algorithms","authors":"Syed Shafi Ahmed, Yash Srivastava, Mohd. Ghalib Khan","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i3261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i3261","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent and fatal forms of cancer in India. It ranks the second most common cancer in rural areas and the most common in urban areas. According to a report by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, there were over 2.26 million new breast cancer cases and nearly 685,000 deaths from breast cancer globally. With a significant portion of India's population being young, the number of women diagnosed with breast cancer is expected to increase, reaching alarming levels due to a lack of awareness and delays in diagnosis. While breast cancer cannot be prevented, early detection and timely treatment can significantly improve survival rates. This study uses K-Nearest Neighbour (K-NN), Random Forest, Decision Trees (CART), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Naïve Bayes to aid oncologists in identifying and diagnosing breast cancer, thereby assisting in treatment decision-making. We present a predictive model for the early detection of breast cancer and compare the results of the employed models for effective detection.","PeriodicalId":502352,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"33 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141715397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Adithya, E. M. Manikgantan, N. Kabilan, S. Kanimozhi
{"title":"Standardization of Gandhaga Thailam: A Traditional Siddha Formulation for Skin Disorders","authors":"R. Adithya, E. M. Manikgantan, N. Kabilan, S. Kanimozhi","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i1248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i1248","url":null,"abstract":"Standardization is a part of Drug development process. Identifying the quality of a Siddha formulation is essential before it taken up for In vivo, In vitro studies and Clinical trials. Gandhaga thailam a Mineral based Siddha medicine to treat various ailments like Eczema, Ulcer, Peptic ulcer diseases etc. Test samples were extracted with acetone and briefly homogenized. Further filtration followed by addition of acetone to the test mixture. The test samples were heated using a rotary evaporator at a temperature not exceeding 40°C until almost complete evaporation of the solvent. HPTLC analysis reveals the presence of thirteen prominent peaks corresponds to the presence of thirteen versatile phytocomponents present within it. Rf value of the peaks ranges from 0.02 to 0.80. Study indicates that the Gandhaga Thailam is in standard quality, hence the preparation and purification processes of ingredients were done as per the literature. With these results Gandhaga thailam may be subjected to invitro and invivo toxicity studies in future. Results reveal the quality of the Medicine Gandhaga Thailam and may be the fingerprint for the future analysis on Gandhaga Thailam.","PeriodicalId":502352,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"23 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140081812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sara Nathalie Edjenguèlè Béboy, Paulin Teko Keumedjio, Sylvain Nsangou Pechangou, Yannick Sani Jignoua, D. Chuisseu, P. Moundipa
{"title":"Antioxidant Properties and Effects on Nitric Oxide Release of Ethanolic Extracts of Some Selected Cameroonian Medicinal Plants","authors":"Sara Nathalie Edjenguèlè Béboy, Paulin Teko Keumedjio, Sylvain Nsangou Pechangou, Yannick Sani Jignoua, D. Chuisseu, P. Moundipa","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i1247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i1247","url":null,"abstract":"In the Southern region of Cameroon, some medicinal plants are used for the treatment of the male reproductive system disorders; including Palisota ambigua, Rauvolfia macrophylla, Terminalia superba, Pycnanthus angolensis, Pausynistalia yohimbe and Schumanniophyton magnificum. The aim of our study was to investigate the antioxidant properties of the ethanolic extracts of these plants, as well as their phytochemical constituents and their effects on nitric oxide release. Rat peritoneal macrophages were isolated and used to assess in vitro effects of plant extracts on nitric oxide release. Then, antioxidant properties of alcoholic extracts of the plants were screened through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyle test, total antioxidant capacity test and ferric reducing power test and lipid peroxidation inhibition test. Phytochemical constituents, total phenol and flavonoid contents were also investigated. Results showed that only the extracts of T. superba and P. yohimbe were found to be strong 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyle free radical scavengers with low EC50 (8.40 [8.31, 8.53]; 17.73 [17.67, 17.74] µg of plant extract/mol 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyle). The plants extracts exhibited better inhibitions of the lipid peroxidation in concentration-dependent manner; especially R. macrophylla with an IC50 of 2.38 (2.13, 4.92) µg/mL. No significance difference was observed neither among the total phenolic nor flavonoids contents of the plant extracts. Extract of T. superba exhibited strong antioxidant properties. Though, the extracts of R. macrophylla and P. angolensis and S. magnificum were also able to protect against lipid peroxidation and free radicals. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, coumarins, glycosids in most of the plants extracts. These properties sustain their use for treatment of male infertility and erectile dysfunction.","PeriodicalId":502352,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"644 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140476333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relationship between Cultural Capital and Social Capital with Personal Hygiene Habits among Elderly Men","authors":"Sufyan Anwar, T. Alamsyah, Marniati, Khairunnas, Teuku Muliadi, Ernawati, Safrida, Ihsan Murdani","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i1246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i1246","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The decline in function that occurs in the elderly population is considered a characteristic of their aging process. This certainly affects their behavior and ability to maintain personal hygiene. The study aimed to determine the correlation between cultural capital and social capital with personal hygiene among the elderly. \u0000Methods: The research was an observational study using a cross-sectional design. The study sample consisted of elderly men in West Aceh with a sample size of 150. Assessment was conducted on three variables, including cultural capital, social capital (as independent variables), and personal hygiene (as the dependent variable). Data was collected through interviews using the questionnaire as the research instrument. \u0000Results: The results indicated that the average age of the respondents was 70.90 years (SD: 7.97), with a higher proportion having completed upper secondary education (45.3%) and a majority still being employed (72%). Correlation and simple linear regression analyzes revealed that cultural capital was significantly associated with personal hygiene (p = 0.001), showing a moderate strength of the relationship (r = 0.339) and a positive correlation. Additionally, social capital was significantly related to personal hygiene (p = 0.046) with a weak strength of the relationship (r = 0.163) and a positive correlation. \u0000Conclusion: The study demonstrated that cultural capital had a stronger relationship with the personal hygiene of elderly men compared to social capital, although both played significant roles in personal hygiene. Further studies are still highly necessary to support these findings, both with the same design in different locations and with different designs, such as longitudinal and experimental studies.","PeriodicalId":502352,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"30 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139598222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Memudu, FATIMA AYINDA Anzaku, Grace Mchibuma Jibaniya, R. Adanike
{"title":"Neem Leaf Supplement Ameliorates Depressive Like Behaviour in Alzheimer’s Disease Model in Adult Male Wistar Rats","authors":"A. Memudu, FATIMA AYINDA Anzaku, Grace Mchibuma Jibaniya, R. Adanike","doi":"10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i1245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrimps/2024/v13i1245","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the Study: Currently, reports linked neuropathological changes in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) to be a risk factor in depression. There is a need to develop natural therapeutics, with strong antioxidant property like Neem leaf, to avert AD’s neuropathological and behavioural changes using animal model induced by neurotoxin aluminium chloride. This study is aimed at ascertaining depressive like disorders in AD model while evaluating mechanism through which Neem averts AD neurodegeneration in the fronto-cerebellar cortex and possible depressive like behaviour.\u0000Methodology: Twenty (20) adult male Wistar rats used were grouped (n=5) viz: control group (A), neurodegenerative model given aluminium (B), 200mg/kg Neem leaf supplement (C) and 200mg/kg Neem leaf treated AD model (D). Neurobehavioural changes for reward memory and depressive like behaviour were evaluated using Y-maze (open arm reward test) and the tail suspension test (TST). The frontal and cerebellar cortices were excised, fixed and processed for Haematoxylin and Eosin stain (H and E), Cresyl fast violet (CFV) stain for Nissl bodies and astrocytes immunohistochemistry using glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Behavioural test data were analyzed using ANOVA and test for significance done @ p<0.05.\u0000Results: Aluminum induced neurodegeneration similar to AD pathology characterized by loss of neurons, chromatolysis, proliferation of astrocytes and decline in cognitive function in addition to exhibiting depressive like behaviour seen in a decrease number of reward arm entries, increase in time spent to reach reward arm and immobility time in the TST attributed to loss of cognitive function relative to loss of neurons integrity in the fronto-cerebellar cortex. However, neem leaf supplementation mitigates against AD model neuropathological and neurobehavioural presentations resulting in an improved neurocognition, neuron survival or repair, decline in astrocytes proliferation and decline in depressive like behavior as compared to Aluminum induced AD model.\u0000Conclusion: Neem leaf alleviates depressive like behaviour associated with neurocognitive impairment through the interaction between neuron-astrocytes to protect neurons against aluminum induced neuroinflamamation and strengthens neural circuit for cognitive function.","PeriodicalId":502352,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Research in Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"24 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139602250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}