Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology最新文献

{"title":"Growth, Decomposition and Instability Analysis of Major Rabi Pulse Crops in Madhya Pradesh, India","authors":"H. Balai, P. C. Meena, M. L. Meena, K. C. Bairwa, Sanjiv Kumar, Rajendra Prasad Meena, S. K. Bairwa","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72519","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to analyze the growth, decomposition and instability in area, production and productivity of rabi pulse crops viz., gram and lentil in Madhya Pradesh. The study was based on secondary time series data. The time series data of area, production and productivity of rabi pulse crops viz., gram and lentil have been taken for 30 years from 1992-93 to 2021-22. The study period (1992-93 to 2021-22) was divided into four periods i.e. period-I (1992-93 to 2001-02), period-II (2002-03 to 2011-12), period- III (2012-13 to 2021-22) and overall period (1992-93 to 2021-22). Three different analyses were carried out in the study viz. (a) Compound annual growth rate by fitting exponential function, (b) Decomposition analysis by Minhas and Vaidyanthan, [1] model and (c) Instability analysis by Cuddy- Della Valle index. The findings of study observed that during the entire study period, the area under gram inclined at the rate of 0.32 per cent per annum while the production and productivity had significantly increased at the rate of 2.20, 1.88 per cent, respectively per annum in Madhya Pradesh. The production of gram in Madhya Pradesh might have increased due to significant growth in productivity. In the same time, the area, production and productivity of lentil recorded positive and significant growth rate at the rate of 3.07, 2.52 and 0.54 respectively, in Madhya Pradesh. During the overall period, yield effect was more responsible for the growth in gram and lentil production. The highest instability was observed in the production of gram and lentil crop during period – I, II, III and overall in the Madhya Pradesh. \u0000Highlights \u0000 \u0000The highest growth was noticed in the production of gram during period – II in Madhya Pradesh \u0000The yield effect was most powerful instrument to increase the production of crops \u0000The highest instability was found in the production of gram and lentil pulse crop \u0000","PeriodicalId":502257,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"76 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of Production and Export of Tomato from India: Markov Chain Approach","authors":"Shreeshail Rudrapur, Deepa Hiremath","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72518","url":null,"abstract":"India is the second largest producer of tomatoes in the world after China contributing around 10 percent of the world’s total tomato production and it has a lot of demand in the international market. The study was conducted to know the growth and stability in the area, production, productivity, and export of Indian tomatoes. The study also aimed to analyze the changing direction and magnitude of India’s tomato export to different countries. The study is based on secondary data collected from different sources over a period of 15 years (2006-07 to 2020-21). Compound annual growth rate analysis and instability index analysis were used to work out the growth and instability in the area, production, productivity, and export of Indian tomatoes. To analyze the direction of trade to different export destinations and to work out export projections, the Markov chain analysis/transition probability matrix through linear programming was used. The findings of the study revealed that there was positive growth in the area (2.21%), production (5.35%), productivity (3.07%), and even export of tomatoes (9.47% export quantity & 18.69% export value)  from India but growth rates as well as instability were found to be more in export compared to area, production, and productivity. The results of the Markov chain analysis/transition probability matrix showed that other minor countries pooled under the category ‘others’, Bangladesh and UAE were more stable importers of Indian tomatoes whereas Nepal and Oman were found not at all stable countries with no retention of trade. Hence, Indian export policies need to be oriented towards these changes in trade directions and need to identify those countries among other minor importing countries to divert export of Indian tomato in the future.","PeriodicalId":502257,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"2 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Priority of Career Path Preferences among Veterinary Interns in Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"Boopathy Raja M., K. G, Prabu M., M. C., Jeyaraja K., Gopu P.","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72517","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study aims to identify the career preferences of veterinary interns at Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS) \u0000Study Design: The study uses a survey-based exploratory and descriptive research design. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted among final-year (Veterinary Interns) Bachelor of Veterinary Sciences and Animla Husbandry (B.V.Sc. & A.H.) students from four constituent colleges of TANUVAS: Madras Veterinary College at Chennai, Veterinary College and Research Institute (VCRI) at Namakkal, VCRI at Tirunelveli, and VCRI at Orathanadu, between the year 2022 and 2023. \u0000Methodology: A sample of 275 final-year veterinary interns was selected using simple random sampling. Data were collected using structured and pre-tested questionnaires. The Garrett Ranking Method was used to identify career preferences of veterinary interns. Respondents ranked various career options, which were converted into scores and then ranked based on the mean scores obtained. \u0000Results: The most preferred career path among veterinary graduates was Government Veterinary Services, followed by Faculty positions in Indian universities and Research Scientist roles within ICAR and other government sectors. Private practice, positions in private laboratories, and roles in the livestock industry and careers in civil services were moderately preferred, while, entrepreneurial ventures, and international opportunities were preferred by comparatively few numbers of veterinary interns. \u0000Conclusion: The study shows a strong preference for roles in the government and academic and research fields among veterinary interns. Understanding these preferences is important for improving educational awareness programs and career guidance, helping to better prepare graduates for their careers and ensuring effective use of veterinary manpower in Tamil Nadu.","PeriodicalId":502257,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"47 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141805689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intimate Partner Violence and Women's Participation in the Labour Market in Cameroon: An Analysis from Demographic and Health Survey of 2018","authors":"Augustin Agnamen, Dimitri Tchakounte, Raoul Michel Guiole","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72515","url":null,"abstract":"Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a major public health and employment outcomes concern around the world. The relationship between IPV and economic participation is fundamental to understand barriers to women's empowerment and achieving gender equality and the economic independence from employment income could reduce the risk of conjugal violence by predicting family bargaining theories. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the association between Intimate partner violence on the participation of women in the labour market and their access to employment in the form of being a wage worker, self-employed or unpaid family worker and using data from the Demographic and Health Data Survey carry out in 2018. Intimate partner violence is apprehended from its three dimensions (physical, emotional and sexual violence) Empirically, IPV is apprehended from its three dimensions (physical, emotional and sexual violence) and the instrumental variables method was used The estimated results of the iv probit regression model suggest that, IPV has a positive effect on women's possession of and access to paid employment, it is statistically significant after controlling for simultaneous causality between employment status and IPV. On the other hand, women participating in the labor market are exposed to IPV of 313.7 ‰, 11.0% of women's possession of a job paid in cash or in kind and 40% of working for a family member which confirms the family negotiation model. Physical violence from an intimate partner is the most widespread, around 56% for women who declared participating in the labor market and having paid employment and 61.67% of those working with a family member. The results presented reflect important information in a way that IPVs do not affect women's employment. Several motivations justify men's recourse to violence and the mechanisms involved can act either individually or simultaneously. One preventable condition is the reduction in time combined with violent confluence which can doubly reduce violence and give rise to financial autonomy.","PeriodicalId":502257,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141806595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Attitude of Farmers towards Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture","authors":"R. Priyanka","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72516","url":null,"abstract":"Digital technology innovations, particularly in artificial intelligence (AI), have the potential to significantly benefit agriculture. Agriculture is increasingly being held accountable for ensuring food security and safety while also taking into account environmental concerns. AI in the agricultural sector has the potential to feed a continuously growing global population while also contributing to achieving the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This was the right time to analyse and explore the artificial intelligence in agriculture. The present study was conducted in Dindigul district of Tamil Nadu. The findings indicated that farmers had moderately favourable level of attitude towards AI in agriculture. Farmers had positive attitude towards AI in agriculture because AI-enabled systems make weather predictions, monitor agricultural sustainability, and assess farms for the presence of diseases or pests and undernourished plants using data like temperature, precipitation, wind speed, and sun radiation in conjunction with photographs taken by satellites and drones.","PeriodicalId":502257,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"3 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141806580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation Agriculture is a Sustainable Approach for Future","authors":"Shayista Fayaz, R. Kanth, Parmeet Singh, Zahoor Ahmad Baba","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72514","url":null,"abstract":"Conservation agriculture (CA) embodies a forward-looking and sustainable approach to cultivation. It is characterized by a farming system that prioritizes sustainability through practices such as minimizing soil disturbance, maintaining permanent soil cover, and implementing crop rotations. The overarching goal is to preserve soil health and enhance productivity. This method emphasizes the optimization of natural resources, the reduction of inputs, and the enhancement of nutrient utilization efficiency. The primary focus of this review article around conservation agriculture (CA), characterized by revolutionary practices involving minimal soil disturbance (no-till, NT) and the maintenance of continuous soil cover (mulch). Agriculture heavily relies on cultivation and tillage practices. The review first explores the advantages of conventional cultivation techniques before the introduction of conservation tillage (CT), a method that originated in response to the American dust bowl of the 1930s. Subsequently, the review delves into the benefits of CA, considered an improvement over CT. The incorporation of no-till (NT), mulching, and related innovations significantly enhances soil qualities and various biotic factors within the framework of CA. Nevertheless, the promotion of Conservation Agriculture (CA) technologies encounters several challenges. These include the absence of suitable seeders tailored for small-scale farmers, conflicts between the use of CA and livestock feeding for crop residues, the practice of burning crop residues, a scarcity of skilled manpower, and the challenge of overcoming traditional attitudes towards tillage. Drawbacks of conservation agriculture encompass factors such as limited adoption, insufficient knowledge and skills, reliance on herbicides, and initial investment costs, among others.","PeriodicalId":502257,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"128 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141811590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social and Economic Consequences of Agriculture Crises: A Study of Farm Labour in Punjab, India","authors":"Arshdeep Singh","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72513","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to comprehensively analyze the multifaceted socioeconomic challenges faced by agricultural laborers in Punjab, India, stemming from the capitalist agrarian practices introduced during the era of the Green Revolution. It delves into employment patterns, debt burdens, and household conditions to uncover the complex realities these laborers endure. Additionally, the study seeks to fill a significant research gap, as most economists emphasize the problems faced by land-owning farmers, often overlooking the substantial issues confronting agricultural laborers who constitute a large share of the total working population. Utilizing a mixed-method approach, this research combines primary data from a comprehensive multidimensional survey with a critical review of secondary literature. The findings from this approach reveal the profound socioeconomic vulnerabilities faced by these laborers. The majority is ensnared in severe debt, grapple with unemployment, and endure substandard living conditions, with many lacking access to basic necessities such as decent housing and sanitation facilities. Due to their limited access to institutional credit facilities, agricultural laborers are forced to seek credit from non-institutional sources at exorbitant interest rates. Shifting cropping patterns in favor of wheat-paddy crop rotation, seasonality of labor, and labor-saving techniques such as extensive mechanization of agriculture and the use of herbicides have resulted in shrinking employment opportunities, further aggravating their economic plight. In response, the study proposes policy recommendations including radical land reforms, strengthening the public distribution system, providing affordable loans, ensuring employment opportunities, and enhancing social welfare measures. Implementing these recommendations is crucial to addressing systemic issues and improving the socioeconomic conditions of agricultural laborers in Punjab.","PeriodicalId":502257,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"114 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141820256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Analysis of Pea Farming in High Hills of Himachal Pradesh, India","authors":"Samriti, Ankit Pathania, Subhash Sharma, Nikita, Sakshi Thakur, Udit Bhanwal","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72511","url":null,"abstract":"Pea cultivation is an important agricultural activity in the region, contributing significantly to the local economy and providing livelihood opportunities for farmers. The study examines the cost and returns analysis associated with pea cultivation in the high hills of the state. Simple random sampling has been used for the selection of respondents to collect the primary data. The study stated that the total cost (C3) incurred for the cultivation of pea was Rs 107123.15 per hectare. However, it was found highest in marginal farms (Rs 115210.12/ha) and lowest in medium farms (Rs 91297.73/ha). Furthermore, net income was worked out to be Rs 277918.34 per hectare. The output- input ratio implied that each rupee spent would yield a profit of Rs 2.59 for pea in the study area. Hence, the findings of the study contribute to a better understanding of the economic viability of pea cultivation and can guide efforts towards improving the efficiency and profitability of this agricultural practice in the high hills of Himachal Pradesh.","PeriodicalId":502257,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"110 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141820638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissemination of Agricultural Technology and Constraints Analysis in Paddy-Wheat Residue Management in Punjab, India","authors":"Lawanrisha Lyngdoh, R. K. Dhaliwal, L. Mohapatra","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72512","url":null,"abstract":"As extension personnel are in direct contact with the farmers, methods used and constraints faced by them play an important role in the transfer of technologies. Also, farmer’s constraints are significant to bring about the adoption of straw management techniques. The study was conducted in the state of Punjab consisting of 210 respondents (i.e. 150 extension personnel and 60 farmers). During the study, it was found that all the extension personnel made use of visit to farmers’ field and meetings/discussions to disseminate information on straw management in the state. The findings revealed that the major constraints faced by the extension personnel in disseminating straw management alternatives were inadequate and irregular supply of funds (98.67%), perceived ineffectiveness of technologies (89.33%) and lack of training facilities (86%). While all the farmer respondents agreed that high transportation of the straw, high labor charges and crop residue interference with tillage and seeding operations were the major constraints in adoption of straw management techniques. From the findings, it is important to direct the attention from the government and policy makers to design an effective strategy which can overcome these constraints faced by the extension personnel and farmers to ensure adoption of straw management techniques.","PeriodicalId":502257,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":"106 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141820365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constraints of Farmers in Adoption of Improved “Kachai Lemon” Cultivation Practices in Ukhrul District of Manipur, India","authors":"D. K. Enah, D. Bose","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i72510","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out in Ukhrul district of Manipur during the year 2024 to find out the constraints faced by the farmers in the adoption of recommended cultivation practices of Kachai lemon. Kachai village under LM Block was selected purposively as it is the only place where Kachai lemon is mainly grown. A total of 120 respondents were randomly selected from Kachai village. The primary data was collected using a pre-structured interview schedule. The collected data from the respondents were scored, tabulated and analyzed to calculate frequency and percentage to interpret findings and draw conclusions. The finding inferred that 89.16 % of the respondents faced the constraints lack of proper market, 80% of the respondents had the problem of scarcity of water and 75.83 % had less knowledge about plant protection measures. The respondents also suggested that providing of proper marketing facilities from the concerned department and building of a water conservation tank in the village and more training on rainwater harvesting and plant protection might help overcome the problems faced by the villagers.","PeriodicalId":502257,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141827073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}