Plant & Cell Physiology最新文献

{"title":"Cytokinins Induce Prehaustoria Coordinately with Quinone Signals in the Parasitic Plant Striga hermonthica.","authors":"Natsumi Aoki,&nbsp;Songkui Cui,&nbsp;Satoko Yoshida","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcac130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcac130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orobanchaceae parasitic plants are major threats to global food security, causing severe agricultural damage worldwide. Parasitic plants derive water and nutrients from their host plants through multicellular organs called haustoria. The formation of a prehaustorium, a primitive haustorial structure, is provoked by host-derived haustorium-inducing factors (HIFs). Quinones, including 2,6-dimethoxy-p-benzoquinone (DMBQ), are of the most potent HIFs for various species in Orobanchaceae, but except non-photosynthetic holoparasites, Phelipanche and Orobanche spp. Instead, cytokinin (CK) phytohormones were reported to induce prehaustoria in Phelipanche ramosa. However, little is known about whether CKs act as HIFs in the other parasitic species to date. Moreover, the signaling pathways for quinones and CKs in prehaustorium induction are not well understood. This study shows that CKs act as HIFs in the obligate parasite Striga hermonthica but not in the facultative parasite Phtheirospermum japonicum. Using chemical inhibitors and marker gene expression analysis, we demonstrate that CKs activate prehaustorium formation through a CK-specific signaling pathway that overlaps with the quinone HIF pathway at downstream in S. hermonthica. Moreover, host root exudates activated S. hermonthica CK biosynthesis and signaling genes, and DMBQ and CK inhibitors perturbed the prehaustorium-inducing activity of exudates, indicating that host root exudates include CKs. Our study reveals the importance of CKs for prehaustorium formation in obligate parasitic plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":502140,"journal":{"name":"Plant & Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"1446-1456"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40361054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SlMBP3 Knockout/down in Tomato: Normal-Sized Fruit with Increased Dry Matter Content through Non-Liquefied Locular Tissue by Altered Cell Wall Formation.","authors":"Ji-Seong Kim,&nbsp;Jeongeun Lee,&nbsp;Hiroshi Ezura","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcac110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcac110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The phenotypic effect of the knockdown/out of AGAMOUS clade MADS-box gene SlMBP3 in tomato was evaluated using a transferred DNA (T-DNA)-tagged mutant of SlMBP3 and SlMBP3-RNA interference lines. SlMBP3 was preferentially expressed in the locular tissue of fruit and the seed coat combined with the endoderm. Consistent with where SlMBP3 is expressed, the SlMBP3-knockout/down lines showed non-liquefied locular tissues and increased number of seed hairs than the wild type (WT). The early cell degradation of the locular tissue was not observed in the fruits of the SlMBP3-knockout/down lines, and the cells were elongated like placental cells resulting in non-liquefied locular tissues. As the result, the fruits of the SlMBP3-knockout/down lines exhibited higher dry matter contents and titratable acidity than those of the WT. During locular tissue cell development under the SlMBP3 knockout/down, the expression of cell-enlargement-related genes (beta-expansin gene SlEXPB1 and endo-beta-1,4-D-glucanase gene Cel8) and pectinase-inhibitor-related genes (pectin esterase inhibitor gene PE inhibitor and polygalacturonase inhibitor gene PG inhibitor) was upregulated and that of pectinase-encoding genes (polygalacturonase gene QRT3-like and pectin lyase gene PL2) was downregulated. In the seed coat of the SlMBP3-knockout/down lines, tomato trichome-formation-related genes such as MYB genes containing R2 and R3 repeats (R2R3-MYB) transcription factor SlMYB75, B-type cyclin SlCycB2 and Homeodomain Leucine Zipper (HD-Zip) IV transcription factor Woolly were downregulated. Our results demonstrate that SlMBP3 is involved in the liquefaction of the locular tissue through the modification of cell development and degradation processes and seed hair formation in tomato fruits, and the SlMBP3 knockout/down results in normal-sized fruit with increased dry matter content.</p>","PeriodicalId":502140,"journal":{"name":"Plant & Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"1485-1499"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40654685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Leaf Volatiles-The Forefront of Plant Responses Against Biotic Attack.","authors":"Kenji Matsui,&nbsp;Jurgen Engelberth","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcac117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcac117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) are six-carbon volatile oxylipins ubiquitous in vascular plants. GLVs are produced from acyl groups in the biological membranes via oxygenation by a pathway-specific lipoxygenase (LOX) and a subsequent cleavage reaction by hydroperoxide lyase. Because of the universal distribution and ability to form GLVs, they have been anticipated to play a common role in vascular plants. While resting levels in intact plant tissues are low, GLVs are immediately synthesized de novo in response to stresses, such as insect herbivory, that disrupt the cell structure. This rapid GLV burst is one of the fastest responses of plants to cell-damaging stresses; therefore, GLVs are the first plant-derived compounds encountered by organisms that interact with plants irrespective of whether the interaction is competitive or friendly. GLVs should therefore be considered important mediators between plants and organisms that interact with them. GLVs can have direct effects by deterring herbivores and pathogens as well as indirect effects by attracting predators of herbivores, while other plants can recruit them to prepare their defenses in a process called priming. While the beneficial effects provided to plants by GLVs are often less dramatic and even complementary, the buildup of these tiny effects due to the multiple functions of GLVs can amass to levels that become substantially beneficial to plants. This review summarizes the current understanding of the spatiotemporal resolution of GLV biosynthesis and GLV functions and outlines how GLVs support the basic health of plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":502140,"journal":{"name":"Plant & Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"1378-1390"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40587848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Continuous Extension of Plant Biotic Interactions Research.","authors":"Yusuke Saijo,&nbsp;Shigeyuki Betsuyaku,&nbsp;Masatsugu Toyota,&nbsp;Kenichi Tsuda","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcac132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcac132","url":null,"abstract":"biological functions, defense mechanisms and spatiotemporal regulation of green leaf volatiles (GLVs), volatile compounds consisting of carbon aldehydes, alcohols and their acyl esters, widely distributed across vascular plants. Massive GLV biosynthesis is only enabled after cell damage e.g. by insect herbivory, thereby acting as feeding deterrents, attracting their predators and providing a conspecific alert signal to neighboring plants. The authors further discuss how continuous changes in the composition and quantity of GLVs and their specific, smoke-like spread mode are sensed and utilized as a spatiotemporal cue in shaping continuous interactions with other organisms. Takabayashi (2022) extends this concept to an ecosystem scale by reviewing the role of herbivory-induced plant volatiles in multi-organism interactions, namely plant-herbivore-predator and plant-plant communications. The author further discusses how specificity is achieved through volatile signals among the highly complex information networks present in ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":502140,"journal":{"name":"Plant & Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"1321-1323"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33469245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overexpression of Chloroplast Triosephosphate Isomerase Marginally Improves Photosynthesis at Elevated CO2 Levels in Rice.","authors":"Yuji Suzuki,&nbsp;Mizuki Shiina,&nbsp;Yuki Takegahara-Tamakawa,&nbsp;Chikahiro Miyake,&nbsp;Amane Makino","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcac115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcac115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We recently suggested that chloroplast triosephosphate isomerase (cpTPI) has moderate control over the rate of CO2 assimilation (A) at elevated CO2 levels via the capacity for triose phosphate utilization (TPU) in rice (Oryza sativa L.) from its antisense-suppression study. In the present study, the effects of cpTPI overexpression on photosynthesis were examined in transgenic rice plants overexpressing the gene encoding cpTPI. The amounts of cpTPI protein in the two lines of transgenic plants were 4.8- and 12.1-folds higher than in wild-type plants, respectively. The magnitude of the increase approximately corresponded to the increase in transcript levels of cpTPI. A at CO2 levels of 100 and 120 Pa increased by 6-9% in the transgenic plants, whereas those at ambient and low CO2 levels were scarcely affected. Similar increases were observed for TPU capacity estimated from the CO2 response curves of A. These results indicate that the overexpression of cpTPI marginally improved photosynthesis at elevated CO2 levels via improvement in TPU capacity in rice. However, biomass production at a CO2 level of 120 Pa did not increase in transgenic plants, suggesting that the improvement in photosynthesis by cpTPI overexpression was not sufficient to improve biomass production in rice.</p>","PeriodicalId":502140,"journal":{"name":"Plant & Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"1500-1509"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40678258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo Imaging Enables Understanding of Seamless Plant Defense Responses to Wounding and Pathogen Attack.","authors":"Masatsugu Toyota,&nbsp;Shigeyuki Betsuyaku","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcac135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcac135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants are exposed to varied biotic stresses, including sequential or simultaneous attack by insects and pathogens. To overcome these complex stresses, plants must perceive each of the stresses, then integrate and relay the information throughout the plant body and eventually activate local and systemic resistance responses. Previous molecular genetic studies identified jasmonic acid and salicylic acid as key plant hormones of wound and immune responses. These hormones, combined with their antagonistic interaction, play critical roles in the initiation and regulation of defense responses against insects and pathogens. Aside from molecular and genetic information, the latest in vivo imaging technology has revealed that plant defense responses are regulated spatially and temporally. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of local and systemic defense responses against wounding and diseases with a focus on past and recent advances in imaging technologies. We discuss how imaging-based multiparametric analysis has improved our understanding of the spatiotemporal regulation of dynamic plant stress responses. We also emphasize the importance of compiling the knowledge generated from individual studies on plant wounding and immune responses for a more seamless understanding of plant defense responses in the natural environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":502140,"journal":{"name":"Plant & Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"1391-1404"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40375104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploiting Genomic Features to Improve the Prediction of Transcription Factor-Binding Sites in Plants.","authors":"Quentin Rivière,&nbsp;Massimiliano Corso,&nbsp;Madalina Ciortan,&nbsp;Grégoire Noël,&nbsp;Nathalie Verbruggen,&nbsp;Matthieu Defrance","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcac095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcac095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The identification of transcription factor (TF) target genes is central in biology. A popular approach is based on the location by pattern matching of potential cis-regulatory elements (CREs). During the last few years, tools integrating next-generation sequencing data have been developed to improve the performance of pattern matching. However, such tools have not yet been comprehensively evaluated in plants. Hence, we developed a new streamlined method aiming at predicting CREs and target genes of plant TFs in specific organs or conditions. Our approach implements a supervised machine learning strategy, which allows decision rule models to be learnt using TF ChIP-chip/seq experimental data. Different layers of genomic features were integrated in predictive models: the position on the gene, the DNA sequence conservation, the chromatin state and various CRE footprints. Among the tested features, the chromatin features were crucial for improving the accuracy of the method. Furthermore, we evaluated the transferability of predictive models across TFs, organs and species. Finally, we validated our method by correctly inferring the target genes of key TFs controlling metabolite biosynthesis at the organ level in Arabidopsis. We developed a tool-Wimtrap-to reproduce our approach in plant species and conditions/organs for which ChIP-chip/seq data are available. Wimtrap is a user-friendly R package that supports an R Shiny web interface and is provided with pre-built models that can be used to quickly get predictions of CREs and TF gene targets in different organs or conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana, Solanum lycopersicum, Oryza sativa and Zea mays.</p>","PeriodicalId":502140,"journal":{"name":"Plant & Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"1457-1473"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40568619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herbivory-Induced Plant Volatiles Mediate Multitrophic Relationships in Ecosystems.","authors":"Junji Takabayashi","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcac107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcac107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herbivory-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) are involved in biotic interactions among plants as well as herbivorous and carnivorous arthropods. This review looks at the specificity in plant-carnivore communication mediated by specific blends of HIPVs as well as describes plant-herbivore and plant-plant communication mediated by specific HIPVs. Factors affecting the net benefits of HIPV production have also been examined. These specific means of communication results in high complexity in the 'interaction-information network', which should be explored further to elucidate the mechanism underlying the numerous species coexisting in ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":502140,"journal":{"name":"Plant & Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"1344-1355"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40616835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethanol-Mediated Novel Survival Strategy against Drought Stress in Plants.","authors":"Khurram Bashir,&nbsp;Daisuke Todaka,&nbsp;Sultana Rasheed,&nbsp;Akihiro Matsui,&nbsp;Zarnab Ahmad,&nbsp;Kaori Sako,&nbsp;Yoshinori Utsumi,&nbsp;Anh Thu Vu,&nbsp;Maho Tanaka,&nbsp;Satoshi Takahashi,&nbsp;Junko Ishida,&nbsp;Yuuri Tsuboi,&nbsp;Shunsuke Watanabe,&nbsp;Yuri Kanno,&nbsp;Eigo Ando,&nbsp;Kwang-Chul Shin,&nbsp;Makoto Seito,&nbsp;Hinata Motegi,&nbsp;Muneo Sato,&nbsp;Rui Li,&nbsp;Saya Kikuchi,&nbsp;Miki Fujita,&nbsp;Miyako Kusano,&nbsp;Makoto Kobayashi,&nbsp;Yoshiki Habu,&nbsp;Atsushi J Nagano,&nbsp;Kanako Kawaura,&nbsp;Jun Kikuchi,&nbsp;Kazuki Saito,&nbsp;Masami Yokota Hirai,&nbsp;Mitsunori Seo,&nbsp;Kazuo Shinozaki,&nbsp;Toshinori Kinoshita,&nbsp;Motoaki Seki","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcac114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcac114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Water scarcity is a serious agricultural problem causing significant losses to crop yield and product quality. The development of technologies to mitigate the damage caused by drought stress is essential for ensuring a sustainable food supply for the increasing global population. We herein report that the exogenous application of ethanol, an inexpensive and environmentally friendly chemical, significantly enhances drought tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana, rice and wheat. The transcriptomic analyses of ethanol-treated plants revealed the upregulation of genes related to sucrose and starch metabolism, phenylpropanoids and glucosinolate biosynthesis, while metabolomic analysis showed an increased accumulation of sugars, glucosinolates and drought-tolerance-related amino acids. The phenotyping analysis indicated that drought-induced water loss was delayed in the ethanol-treated plants. Furthermore, ethanol treatment induced stomatal closure, resulting in decreased transpiration rate and increased leaf water contents under drought stress conditions. The ethanol treatment did not enhance drought tolerance in the mutant of ABI1, a negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling in Arabidopsis, indicating that ABA signaling contributes to ethanol-mediated drought tolerance. The nuclear magnetic resonance analysis using 13C-labeled ethanol indicated that gluconeogenesis is involved in the accumulation of sugars. The ethanol treatment did not enhance the drought tolerance in the aldehyde dehydrogenase (aldh) triple mutant (aldh2b4/aldh2b7/aldh2c4). These results show that ABA signaling and acetic acid biosynthesis are involved in ethanol-mediated drought tolerance and that chemical priming through ethanol application regulates sugar accumulation and gluconeogenesis, leading to enhanced drought tolerance and sustained plant growth. These findings highlight a new survival strategy for increasing crop production under water-limited conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":502140,"journal":{"name":"Plant & Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"1181-1192"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9474946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40636184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Koshihikari X Oryza rufipogon Introgression Line with a High Capacity to Take up Nitrogen to Maintain Growth and Panicle Development under Low Nitrogen Conditions.","authors":"Bright G Adu,&nbsp;Aizelle Y S Argete,&nbsp;Sakiko Egawa,&nbsp;Atsushi J Nagano,&nbsp;Akifumi Shimizu,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Ohmori,&nbsp;Toru Fujiwara","doi":"10.1093/pcp/pcac097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcac097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nitrogen (N) is an important macronutrient for plant growth and development. Currently, N fertilizers are required for the efficient production of modern crops such as rice due to their limited capacity to take up N when present at low concentrations. Wild rice represents a useful genetic resource for improving crop responses to low nutrient stress. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of an introgression line, KRIL37, that carries a small region of the Oryza rufipogon genome in the Oryza sativa L. cv Koshihikari (KH) background. This line was found to grow better under low N conditions and have similar or lower C/N ratios in aerial portions compared to those in the parental KH cultivar, suggesting that KRIL37 has a higher capacity to take up and assimilate N when present at low concentrations. KRIL37 performance in the field was also better than that of KH cultivated without N and fertilizer (-F). Transcriptome analyses of 3-week-old seedlings based on RNA-sequencing revealed that KH induced a wider suite of genes than the tolerant line KRIL37 in response to low N conditions. Some ammonium transporters and N assimilation genes were found to be induced under low N in KRIL37, but not in KH. Our findings suggest that the superior growth performance of KRIL37 under limited N conditions could be due to the expression of wild alleles influencing N uptake and assimilation. Our study demonstrates the potential to use wild rice genomes to improve modern crops for low nutrient tolerance.</p>","PeriodicalId":502140,"journal":{"name":"Plant & Cell Physiology","volume":" ","pages":"1215-1229"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40473379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}