Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Different expression levels of interleukin-36 in asthma phenotypes","authors":"Jinyan Li, Zhengda Wang, Hongna Dong, Yuqiu Hao, Peng Gao, Wei Li","doi":"10.1186/s13223-023-00868-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-023-00868-2","url":null,"abstract":"Interleukin (IL)-36 family is closely associated with inflammation and consists of IL-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ, and IL-36Ra. The role of IL-36 in the context of asthma and asthmatic phenotypes is not well characterized. We examined the sputum IL-36 levels in patients with different asthma phenotypes in order to unravel the mechanism of IL-36 in different asthma phenotypes. Our objective was to investigate the induced sputum IL-36α, IL-36β, IL-36γ, and IL-36Ra concentrations in patients with mild asthma, and to analyze the relationship of these markers with lung function and other cytokines in patients with different asthma phenotypes. Induced sputum samples were collected from patients with mild controlled asthma (n = 62, 27 males, age 54.77 ± 15.49) and healthy non-asthmatic controls (n = 16, 10 males, age 54.25 ± 14.60). Inflammatory cell counts in sputum were determined. The concentrations of IL-36 and other cytokines in the sputum supernatant were measured by ELISA and Cytometric Bead Array. This is the first study to report the differential expression of different isoforms of IL-36 in different asthma phenotypes. IL-36α and IL-36β concentrations were significantly higher in the asthma group (P = 0.003 and 0.031), while IL-36Ra concentrations were significantly lower (P < 0.001) compared to healthy non-asthmatic controls. Sputum IL-36α and IL-36β concentrations in the neutrophilic asthma group were significantly higher than those in paucigranulocytic asthma (n = 24) and eosinophilic asthma groups (n = 23). IL-36α and IL-36β showed positive correlation with sputum neutrophils and total cell count (R = 0.689, P < 0.01; R = 0.304, P = 0.008; R = 0.689, P < 0.042; R = 0.253, P = 0.026). In conclusion, IL-36α and IL-36β may contribute to asthma airway inflammation by promoting neutrophil recruitment in airways. Our study provides insights into the inflammatory pathways of neutrophilic asthma and identifies potential therapeutic target.","PeriodicalId":501611,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139464357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pollen food allergy syndrome secondary to molds and raw mushroom cross-reactivity: a case report","authors":"Ryan Gauld, Graham Walter, Rongbo Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s13223-023-00865-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-023-00865-5","url":null,"abstract":"Pollen food allergy syndrome (PFAS) is an immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated reaction that causes oropharyngeal pruritus or angioedema due to homologous proteins present in the culprit food as well as a sensitizing aeroallergen. This cross-reactivity has been well established between pollen and fruits/vegetables. Given the evolutionary similarity between all fungi; cross-reactivity between spore forming microfungi and edible macrofungi have been suggested, however only a limited number of case reports have ever been published on this phenomenon. We present a case of a patient who experiences pollen food allergy syndrome-like symptoms following lightly cooked mushroom ingestion who otherwise was able to tolerate cooked mushrooms. We then review the literature to highlight the limited studies of an underrecognized PFAS cross-reactivity between molds and mushrooms. A 15-year-old male presents with symptoms of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis was found to have multiple environmental sensitizations to molds via skin prick testing (C. gramineum, A. Pullulans and B. cinerea) and ImmunoCAP serum-specific IgE (A. alternata, C. herbarum, and P. notatum). He developed throat pruritus and subjective throat tightness following ingestion of mushroom containing pizza. ImmunoCAP serum specific IgE to whole mushroom was negative but fresh food prick testing to fresh portobello mushroom and cremini mushroom were both positive with a negative test to canned mushroom. The patient then underwent a graded oral challenge and successfully tolerated canned mushrooms. This case highlights the potential cross-reactivity between microfungi aeroallergens and edible fungi, leading to PFAS-like reactions in susceptible individuals. The patient’s ability to tolerate canned mushrooms suggests a possible heat-labile protein as the cause of the reaction, similar to PFAS patients tolerating cooked but not raw fruits/vegetables. Positive skin prick test to both spore-forming fungi and edible fungi with negative and whole mushroom IgE results further support the hypothesis of cross-reactivity and sensitization. Further research is needed to identify the specific allergenic proteins involved in these cross-reactions and the susceptible species of mold and mushroom. Understanding these components will contribute to improved diagnosis and management of mold and mushroom allergies, and enhance our knowledge of allergenic cross-reactivity in general.","PeriodicalId":501611,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139096196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IL-1β and iNOS can drive the asthmatic comorbidities and decrease of lung function in perennial allergic rhinitis children","authors":"Myung Woul Han, Song Hee Kim, Inbo Oh, Yang ho Kim, Jiho Lee","doi":"10.1186/s13223-023-00867-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-023-00867-3","url":null,"abstract":"Allergic asthma and rhinitis (AR) are closely linked, with a significant proportion of AR patients developing asthma. Identification of the early signs of comorbidity of AR and asthma can enable prompt treatment and prevent asthma progression. This study investigated the role of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the comorbidity of AR and asthma and lung function in Korean children with perennial AR (PAR). A cohort of 240 subjects (6 to 10 years old) with PAR (PAR alone: 113 children, PAR and asthma: 127 children) was analyzed for various biomarkers, including IL-1β, iNOS, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in serum. The blood levels of eosinophils and immunoglobulin E (IgE) were examined. IL-1β, CCL-24, E-cadherin, and vimentin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Epithelial iNOS was measured by the NOS kit. Elevated levels of IL-1β, iNOS, and vimentin in the serum were identified as significant indicators of the likelihood of comorbidity of PAR and asthma in children. Furthermore, higher concentrations of IL-1β, iNOS, and vimentin have been linked to reduced lung function in PAR children. Notably, IL-1β expression shows a relationship with the levels of E-cadherin, vimentin, and CCL-24. However, no correlation was found between IL-1β and iNOS expressions. This study suggests that IL-1β and iNOS can be biomarkers in the progression of PAR and asthma and decreased lung function, suggesting potential targets for early intervention and treatment.","PeriodicalId":501611,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139084309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"13th C1-inhibitor deficiency and angioedema workshop—2023","authors":"","doi":"10.1186/s13223-023-00845-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-023-00845-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 2023, the 13th edition of the biennial international scientific conference on C1-inhibitor deficiency and other bradykinin-mediated angioedema took place from 4 to 7 May. The 13th C1-inhibitor Deficiency and Angioedema Workshop, chaired by Professor Henriette Farkas, was again held in Budapest. Nearly 400 participants from 50 countries from all over the world came to Hungary. Since 1999, when the Workshop was held for the first time, the composition of the registrants has been unique, with active and equal participation in the scientific discussions from allergists, immunologists, dermatologists, otorhinolaryngologists, internists, paediatricians and other specialists, as well as from research biologists, biochemists and pharmaceutical researchers, and representatives of the patient organisations involved in the disease. This year 93 speakers delivered presentations in 10 oral and in 2 poster sessions Professor A. P Kaplan summarised the key findings of this year’s conference.</p><p>Written by Dr. Allen P. Kaplan</p><p>Professor of Medicine</p><p>The Medical University of South Carolina</p><p>Charleston, SC, USA.</p><p>Our 3-day meeting reflects tremendous progress being made in the pathogenesis and treatment of all forms of Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) as well as acquired C1-inhibitor Deficiency. We have begun an era of genetic approaches to therapy. Among these are CRISPR knockout of the prekallikrein (PK) gene with excellent preliminary results—many participants were attack-free at 16 weeks with a PK reduction of 92%. Adenovirus-dependent insertion of C1 INH into hepatocytes has been achieved with steroid enhancement of both uptake and gene expression as well as reduction of inflammation-related side effects including transaminitis. C1 INH synthesis and secretion into the plasma was achieved; the duration of effect is not yet clear. A supporting lecture on CRISPR methodology explained the need for a guide RNA to localize the site of cleavage and insertion of the gene. Another unique approach with donidalorsen digests PK mRNA, decreases blood levels by 70%, and attack rate by 90%. There are also new therapies employing proteins or peptides. A new monoclonal antibody directed to factor XIIa has excellent efficacy and 56% of study patients were free of attacks. While Berotralstat is quite effective for prophylaxis, even in adolescents, a new oral agent sebetralstat at 3 doses/day can be used for short term prophylaxis e.g. for surgery or dental work. Preliminary data of an oral B-2 receptor antagonist with a deuterium atom incorporated has a long half-life of 10 h., inhibits intravenous bradykinin effects including decreased blood pressure within 15 min. and lasts 8 h. In a phase 2, dose ranging study, HAE attacks were successfully treated. In one STAR 0215 study a modified IgG1 monoclonal antibody to kallikrein has a half-life of 117 days and can be given every 3 months.</p><p>We heard about varying treatment options in different countries.","PeriodicalId":501611,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138821647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between HT, BMI, and allergic rhinitis in perimenopausal women","authors":"Jingyi Liu, Tingting Ma, Xiaoxue Wang, Wenpei Bai, Xueyan Wang","doi":"10.1186/s13223-023-00839-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-023-00839-7","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing evidence suggests that hormone therapy (HT) and obesity exert an influence on allergic rhinitis (AR). It is important to investigate the association and interactions between HT, BMI, and AR in perimenopausal women. From May 2020 to March 2021, a cross-sectional survey was completed by patients who visited the Allergy Department and Gynecology Department of Shijitan Hospital. The patients completed a questionnaire and stratified analyses by BMI in tertiles were performed. Logistic analyses were performed to evaluate the relationships between HT, BMI, and AR. A total of 950 patients completed the study, among which, 393 patients were receiving HT. HT was found to be associated with increased risks for AR (OR = 1.51 [95% CI: 1.151–1.985]), asthma (OR = 3.61 [95% CI: 2.21–5.89]), and their accompanying symptoms (OR = 3.54 [95% CI: 2.146–5.831]). In lean women, the use of HT was significantly associated with a higher risks for AR (OR = 2.26 [95% CI: 1.31–3.91]), the time course of AR (OR = 2.54 [95% CI: 1.37–4.74]), hay fever (OR = 2.54 [95% CI: 1.37–4.74]), and accompanying symptoms (including canker sores, diarrhea, and stomachache) (OR = 2.26 [95% CI: 1.309–3.907]) when compared to normal or heavier weight women (course of AR: pinteraction = 0.032; hay fever; pinteraction = 0.006; accompanying symptoms: pinteraction = 0.009). HT can reduce the risk for AR in perimenopausal women. Lean women who used HT were at a higher risk for AR when compared to overweight women who used AR. There exists an interaction between HT and BMI that influences AR. Furthermore, HT and obesity increase the risk for AR by some common pathways, more follow-up work is needed to explore common pathways.","PeriodicalId":501611,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138745206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient outcomes associated with subcutaneous C1INH prophylaxis for hereditary angioedema: a retrospective analysis","authors":"William Lumry, Timothy Craig, John Anderson, Marc Riedl, Henry Li, Raffi Tachdjian, Michael Manning, Paolo Bajcic, Frank Rodino, Sam Wang, Thomas R. Sexton, Jonathan A. Bernstein","doi":"10.1186/s13223-023-00861-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-023-00861-9","url":null,"abstract":"Real-world data on subcutaneous C1INH (C1INH[SC]) usage and patient-level impacts on hereditary angioedema (HAE)-related outcomes and quality of life (QoL) are both lacking and challenging to generate using conventional study methodologies. Using a hybrid study design involving patient interviews supplemented by retrospective medical chart data review, we conducted a real-world assessment of the impact of C1INH(SC) prophylaxis on HAE attack patterns, QoL, and on-demand medication use. The study was conducted at seven US sites and included 36 adults with HAE who had been treated with C1INH(SC) long-term prophylaxis following ≥ 12 months of on-demand management only. Patients underwent 30-min interviews, facilitated and analyzed by a trained qualitative research specialist. Medical records were reviewed for 12 months before (pre-index) and after (post-index) initiation of C1INH(SC). Using interview data with descriptive terms converted to numerical values, we compared pre- versus post-index attack frequency, severity, and rescue medication usage. Mean (SD) annualized attack frequency per patient decreased 82.0%, from 38.8 (38.8) attacks/year pre-index to 7.0 (15.3) attacks/year (P < 0.001); the median number of attacks decreased by 97.0% (30 pre-index to 1 post-index). For 20 patients, the annualized attack rate after starting C1INH(SC) prophylaxis was ≤ 1 attack/year; 12 of these patients reported 0 attacks. Mean (SD) attack severity (scale: 0 = none/mild to 4 = very severe) decreased from 2.3 (0.7) pre-index to 0.9 (0.9) post-index (P < 0.001). Mean/median rescue medication use decreased by 77.2%/96.3%. Improved QoL was narratively described for many domains. These real-world findings indicate that long-term prophylaxis with C1INH(SC) markedly improves important factors that contribute to the goal of achieving total disease control and normalization of patients’ lives, including fewer and less severe attacks, less rescue medication usage, and improved QoL.","PeriodicalId":501611,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138565944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biologic use and treatment patterns in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: a US real-world study","authors":"Jared Silver, Elizabeth Packnett, Julie Park, Arijita Deb","doi":"10.1186/s13223-023-00855-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-023-00855-7","url":null,"abstract":"Several biologics are now approved in the US as add-on treatments for chronic rhinosinusitus with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). This cross-sectional, retrospective, real-world study aimed to characterize treatment patterns and identify predictors of biologic use among patients with CRSwNP. Adults in the Merative MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental Databases with medical claims for CRSwNP were identified June 2018–June 2019 (identification period [IP]). Patient characteristics were collated in the IP and treatment pattern data during the IP plus the following year (July 2019–June 2020; observation period [OP]). Data were stratified by sinus surgery and biologic use. Of the 5997 eligible patients identified (58% male, mean age 48.1 years), 10.7% (n = 642) used biologics during the OP. More biologic users had common respiratory conditions than non-users, particularly asthma (89.1% vs 35.0%; P < 0.001). Biologic users had fewer diagnostic services but more drug-related services than non-users. Only 11.6% of patients who had sinus surgery used biologics, with most (56.1%) having their first biologic dose before sinus surgery and 12.5% ≤ 30 days after. Oral corticosteroid (OCS) use was higher in biologic users than non-users (all patients: 68.8% vs 42.5%; P < 0.001) and in those with/without sinus surgery. Comorbidities, prior OCS/doxycycline use, and age (< 65 years) increased the odds of biologic use, with asthma increasing the odds 5.46 times (P < 0.001). Biologic use was more common before first/next sinus surgery and in patients with high unmet need, elucidating predictors of biologic use that could be used in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":501611,"journal":{"name":"Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology","volume":"195 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138557185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}