Journal of Mammalogy最新文献

{"title":"How many mammal species are there now? Updates and trends in taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic knowledge.","authors":"Connor J Burgin, Jelle S Zijlstra, Madeleine A Becker, Heru Handika, Jesse M Alston, Jane Widness, Schuyler Liphardt, David G Huckaby, Nathan S Upham","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf047","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Mammal Diversity Database (MDD) is an open-access resource providing up-to-date taxonomic, nomenclatural, and geographic data for global mammal species. Since its launch in 2018, the MDD has transformed the traditionally static process of updating mammalian taxonomy into regular online releases reflecting the latest published research. To build on this foundation, we here present version 2.0 of the MDD (MDD2), which catalogs 6,759 living and recently extinct mammal species, representing net increases of 4.1% and 24.8% over MDD version 1.0 and <i>Mammal Species of the World</i>, 3rd edition (MSW3), respectively. Additionally, we identify a net increase of 68.8% (+2,754; 3,149 splits + de novo, 395 lumps) species since 1980 at a rate of ∼65 species/yr based on past totals from 14 mammalian compendia, leading to projections of ∼7,079 species by 2030 and ∼8,376 by 2050 if these trends continue. Key updates in MDD2 include: (i) codings of US state, country, continent, and biogeographic realm geographic categories for each species; (ii) a comprehensive nomenclatural dataset for 50,230 valid and synonymous species-rank names, curated with type locality and specimen information for the first time; and (iii) integration between the MDD and the databases Hesperomys and Batnames for greater data accuracy and completeness. These updates bridge critical gaps in the taxonomic and nomenclatural information needed for ongoing revisions and assessments of mammalian species diversity. Using these data, we evaluate temporal and geographic trends over the past 267 yr, identifying 4 major time periods of change in mammalian taxonomy and nomenclature: (i) the initial monographic description of traditionally charismatic species (1758 to 1880); (ii) the peak of descriptive taxonomy, describing subspecies, and publishing in journals (1881 to 1939); (iii) the shift toward revisionary taxonomy and recognizing polytypic species (1940 to 1999); and (iv) the current technology-driven period of integrative revisionary taxonomy (2000 to present). Geographically, new species recognition since MSW3 has been concentrated in equatorial, mountainous, and island regions-highlighting areas of high mammal endemism (e.g., Madagascar, Philippines, Andes, East Africa, Himalayas, Atlantic Forest). However, gaps in 21st-century taxonomic activity are identified in West and Central Africa, India, and some parts of Indonesia. Additionally, lagging conservation assessments are alarming, with 25% of the MDD2-recognized mammal species allocated to the \"understudied\" conservation threat categories of Data Deficient (11%) or Not Evaluated (14%), underscoring the need for greater taxonomic integration with conservation organizations. Governance advancements in MDD2 include the establishment of external taxonomic subcommittees to guide data collection and curation, a rewritten website that improves access and scalability, a cross-platform mobile application that provides offline access, an","PeriodicalId":50157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mammalogy","volume":"106 5","pages":"1082-1117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12526941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annual, seasonal, and daily space-use of Common Fallow Deer (<i>Dama dama</i>) in Australian agricultural landscapes.","authors":"Sebastien Comte, Andrew J Bengsen, Lee Parker, David M Forsyth","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf051","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Common Fallow Deer (<i>Dama dama</i>; hereafter \"fallow deer\") has been widely translocated from its native Mediterranean range and is now present on all continents except Antarctica. In some countries-such as Australia-introduced populations of fallow deer have increased in range and abundance, negatively affecting agricultural production. However, little is known about how this species uses these agricultural landscapes annually, seasonally, or daily. We used GPS collars to track the hourly movements of 68 adult fallow deer (25 males, 43 females) at 3 sites in mixed pastoral farmland (a mosaic of open eucalypt woodland and pasture) in eastern Australia between 2020 and 2024. We estimated annual and monthly home ranges, daily distance moved, and diel movement cycles. As expected, annual home ranges (using the biased random bridge method) were larger for males (median = 1,848.1 ha, 95% CrI: 929.2 to 3,584.0 ha) than females (median = 646.3 ha, 95% CrI: 368.1 to 1,068.5 ha), and home ranges and core areas were similar across the 3 sites. Both sexes had a strong crepuscular movement pattern that was consistent across sites. Male fallow deer increased their movement rates in April-May (i.e., during the mating season), and their movement patterns were most restricted during summer. Female fallow deer movements were more consistent across the year than those of males, but movement patterns were also most restricted during summer. There was substantial individual variation in daily movement patterns between and within sites, especially during the mating season. Most individuals exhibited strong site fidelity, but some males and females made short excursions (up to a week and 10 km) from their home range. The strong site fidelity of fallow deer suggests that management strategies utilizing repeated culling will be most effective at reducing overabundant fallow deer populations in Australian agricultural landscapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mammalogy","volume":"106 5","pages":"1261-1272"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12526930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semi-automated identification of individual big brown bats via collagen-elastin patterns in the wing membrane.","authors":"Shane D I Seheult, Joshua R M Cherney, Paul A Faure","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf048","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Collagen-elastin (CE) bundle patterns in the wing membrane have been used to identify individual bats; however, this method has not been widely adopted, likely owing to the laborious nature of manually comparing wing images through visual inspection. We tested the effectiveness of using an accessible, feature-based, pattern-recognition software-HotSpotter-to identify individuals using patterns of CE bundles in the bat wing. We collected photos from 24 adult (<i>n </i>= 192 photos) big brown bats (<i>Eptesicus fuscus</i>) and their direct offspring (<i>n </i>= 34 pups; <i>n </i>= 136 photos) by illuminating the ventral surface of the wing with ultraviolet light. Upon running a query match comparison on a selected reference image, HotSpotter ranks every other photo in the database based on an assigned similarity score. We found that HotSpotter correctly presented the top-ranked image as another image of the same individual at higher<i>-</i>than<i>-</i>chance performance. The software also performed better than chance when considering matches to images with the same age (adult/juvenile), sex (male/female), wing side (left/right), and known-relatedness (mother-offspring or twin) to the bat in the queried image. The proportion of correct matches increased with the number of top-ranked images included in the initial query. These results are encouraging because they suggest that pattern-recognition software has the potential to automate recognition of bats based on CE bundle patterns in photos of bat wings. With further refinements in the technology, we think it may be possible to achieve nearly 100% accuracy of individual identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":50157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mammalogy","volume":"106 5","pages":"1118-1127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12527007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extending mammal specimens with their essential phenotypic traits.","authors":"Bryan S McLean, David Bloom, Edward B Davis, Robert P Guralnick, Sharlene E Santana, Julie M Allen, Heidi Amarilla-Stevens, Kayce C Bell, David C Blackburn, Jeffrey E Bradley, Robert D Bradley, Matthew D Carling, Alexandra Coconis, Jocelyn P Colella, Chris J Conroy, Joseph A Cook, Helena de Bastos Cruz Machado, John R Demboski, Katrina M Derieg, Andrew Doll, John P Dumbacher, William D Duncan, Jonathan L Dunnum, Chris Feldman, Adam W Ferguson, Kendall E Fitzgerald, Maureen E Flannery, Kelly Hood, Angela D Hornsby, Dianna Krejsa, Raphael LaFrance, Jessica E Light, Silvia E Pavan, Shalina Peterson, Adrienne Raniszewski, Eric A Rickart, Shannen Robson, Rebecca J Rowe, Dakota M Rowsey, Alyssa Semerdjian, Theodore Stankowich, Laura Steger, Richard Stevens, Katherine M Thibault, Cody W Thompson, Nathan S Upham, Alyson Wilkins, Elizabeth A Wommack","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf062","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural history collections are repositories of biodiversity specimens that provide critical infrastructure for studies of mammals. Over the past 3 decades, digitization of collections has opened up the temporal and spatial properties of specimens, stimulating new data sharing, use, and training across the biodiversity sciences. These digital records are the cornerstones of an \"extended specimen network,\" in which the diverse data derived from specimens become digital, linked, and openly accessible for science and policy. However, still missing from most digital occurrences of mammals are their morphological, reproductive, and life-history traits. Unlocking this information will advance mammalogy, establish richer faunal baselines in an era of rapid environmental change, and contextualize other types of specimen-derived information toward new knowledge and discovery. Here, we present the Ranges Digitization Network (Ranges), a community effort to digitize specimen-level traits from all terrestrial mammals of western North America, append them to digital records, publish them openly in community repositories, and make them interoperable with complimentary data streams. Ranges is a consortium of 23 institutions with an initial focus on non-marine mammal species (both native and introduced) occurring in western Canada, the western United States, and Mexico. The project will establish trait data standards and informatics workflows that can be extended to other regions, taxa, and traits. Reconnecting mammalogists, museum professionals, and researchers for a new era of collections digitization will catalyze advances in mammalogy and create a community-curated trait resource for training and engagement with global conservation initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":50157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mammalogy","volume":"106 5","pages":"1282-1291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12526947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of masting hardwoods on stand-use by tree squirrels and fishers in Northern California.","authors":"Andria M Townsend, Aaron N Facka, Sean M Matthews, Micaela S Gunther","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf034","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>According to the prey-habitat hypothesis, predatory species may associate with specific habitats that are of high value to their prey; a relationship often overlooked when considering carnivore foraging strategies that can explain how landscape characteristics influence individual fitness. In western North America, western gray (<i>Sciurus griseus</i>) and Douglas's squirrels (<i>Tamiasciurus douglasii</i>) are important prey for fishers (<i>Pekania pennanti</i>), particularly western gray squirrels due to their large body size. Masting trees including Black Oak (<i>Quercus kelloggii</i>) and Tanoak (<i>Notholithocarpus densiflorus</i>) produce an important food source for tree squirrels. Therefore, forest stands containing these trees may be useful to foraging fishers. We hypothesized that: (1) occupancy of a forested stand by western gray and Douglas's squirrels increases with increasing mast production potential of that stand; (2) Fisher stand-use increases with increasing tree squirrel occupancy in that stand; and (3) Fisher stand-use is conditional on only the Western Gray Squirrel occupancy status in that stand. We deployed remote cameras in the northern Sierra Nevada of California in 3 different forest stand types: conifer dominant, conifer co-dominant with tanoak, and conifer co-dominant with Black Oak. We tested the relationships of stand type and other covariates on tree squirrel and Fisher occupancy and detection using single-species occupancy models. We also tested the effect of Western Gray Squirrel presence on Fisher occupancy probability using 2-species co-occurrence models. Douglas's squirrels occupied most sites regardless of stand type. Gray squirrels and fishers had highest rates of occupancy in tanoak co-dominant stands. Fisher stand-use patterns suggested both conditional and unconditional occupancy with western gray squirrels, signifying fishers and gray squirrels may use tanoak stands at high rates irrespective of each other as these stands potentially provide increased access to diverse food resources. Forested stands containing masting trees may support greater numbers of western gray squirrels than other habitats, and retention of this type of tree across the landscape may improve foraging habitat for fishers and other carniovres. Determining which habitat metrics influence prey availability will contribute to understanding carnivore species foraging ecology and inform management and conservation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":50157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mammalogy","volume":"106 5","pages":"1221-1233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12526959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution, threats, population trends, and ecology of the Saharan Striped Polecat (<i>Poecilictis libyca</i>) in Tunisia: a questionnaire and field-based survey.","authors":"Firas Hayder, Zimkitha J K Madikiza, Emmanuel Do Linh San","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyaf043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Saharan Striped Polecat (Carnivora, Mustelidae, <i>Poecilictis libyca</i>) is a small mustelid for which comprehensive biological studies and demographic data across its geographic range are lacking. Throughout 2018, we investigated the distribution, abundance, and threats to this species in Tunisia by means of a questionnaire survey, spotlighting, and collection of other field-based evidence. Our study resulted in 32 new records, including 1 outside the previously known range in the south, while a contraction of its northern limits was determined from historical records (literature, museum samples, online databases). Roughly defined, the distribution of <i>P. libyca</i> extends from the Saharan to the subhumid bioclimatic zones. This semifossorial species tends to favor sandy soil but can be found in a wide range of habitats including deserts, oases, riverbeds, coastal dunes, forests, bushclumps, grasslands, sebkhas, and cultivated areas. Interviewees reported a significant decline in most polecat populations located near human settlements. Identified threats include widespread capturing for trade; drought-induced prey depletion; habitat loss due to agricultural expansion; road mortalities; use of rodenticides, pesticides, and insecticides in agricultural land; and attacks by domestic dogs and other predators. Additionally, population expansion and human encroachment have led to increased habitat loss, resulting in the extirpation of polecats from certain northern regions. To safeguard this locally threatened species in Tunisia, we recommend the protection of 3 key populations located in Dar Chichou, Metbasta, and Ez Zebara. We also advocate for further research to improve baseline ecological data and encourage awareness campaigns aimed at educating local communities residing near polecat populations, garnering support for their conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mammalogy","volume":"107 2","pages":"275-287"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13035268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147595877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moth munchers: limited intraspecific variation in summer diet of the endangered Florida Bonneted Bat (<i>Eumops floridanus</i>).","authors":"Elysia N Webb, Holly K Ober, Elizabeth C Braun de Torrez","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf041","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urbanization drives biodiversity loss for many taxa, including arthropods, which serve as the foundation for terrestrial food webs worldwide. Understanding variation in diet among and within wildlife populations across a range of urbanization is especially important for endangered species that often face habitat loss and threats to their prey base. Here, we used molecular metabarcoding of feces to examine geographic and individual variation in the diet of endangered Florida Bonneted Bats, <i>Eumops floridanus</i>, a species whose range is constricted by rapid urban development and whose harem social structure may confer demographic differences in foraging. We used 2 primer sets to amplify insect prey from fecal samples collected from bats in 3 study regions that spanned an urbanization gradient and corresponded to genetically distinct populations. All samples tested contained Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Orthoptera-with an especially high diversity of lepidopteran taxa including many large tympanate moths and agricultural pests. In contrast to our predictions, there was no clear influence of urbanization on diet nor marked differences between demographic groups apart from some subtle differences in diet composition and diversity. Instead, our results indicate that distinct populations of <i>E. floridanus</i> preyed on similar insect taxa across their range, with nearly half of identified prey genera being consumed by bats across all 3 regions. Bats from the moderately urban region with the greatest landscape heterogeneity did differ in diet composition and consumed a greater diversity of prey than bats from the urban region, suggesting some influence of landscape composition on foraging. The high overlap in insect prey consumed by <i>E. floridanus</i> across regions suggests that available prey is similar among regions or that the species may select similar resources across the range regardless of availability.</p>","PeriodicalId":50157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mammalogy","volume":"106 5","pages":"1139-1150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12527008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant constituent predictors in the winter diet selection of the imperiled New England Cottontail (<i>Sylvilagus transitionalis</i>).","authors":"Wendy C Finn, Thomas J McGreevy, Brian C Tefft, Thomas P Husband, Wales A Carter, Scott R McWilliams","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf035","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herbivores are challenged when selecting a diet because many plants have limited nutritional value and some use defenses to avoid being eaten. Understanding diet selection of herbivores in most landscapes also involves choices between native versus nonnative plant species which, in turn, informs management actions to conserve the species. The New England Cottontail, <i>Sylvilagus transitionalis</i> (Bangs 1895)-a species on the decline-is the focus of a large conservation consortium. We conducted microhistological analyses of field collected fecal samples and field surveys of plant species available to determine winter diet of New England cottontails on Patience Island, Rhode Island. Energy density (total nitrogen, crude fat, energy, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, ash, and total phenolics) was measured for each of the available plants. A used-available framework was used to determine the selection of each species identified in their feces and how this related to the measured nutritionally relevant constituents. We hypothesized that New England cottontails would select plant species with higher protein and energy values and select native versus nonnative plant species. Unexpectedly, New England cottontails did not select plants with higher protein or energy content but rather plants with higher phenolic and ash levels. In addition, New England cottontails strongly selected native plant species. Our results support previous research that New England cottontails are generalist herbivores, but that plant defenses and whether the plants are native play a role in diet selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":50157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mammalogy","volume":"106 5","pages":"1234-1245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12526865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential for population expansion by black bears in Alabama.","authors":"Hannah Jane Leeper, Todd Steury, Chris Seals","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf026","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human development and lack of habitat can impede spatial population growth for many species. The amount of habitable area available to American black bears has been drastically reduced, especially in the southeastern United States, causing some populations to face possible extirpation. Nonetheless, some Black Bear populations have begun to recover and recolonize portions of historic Black Bear range, despite human-dominated landscapes. The relationship between Black Bear population expansion and human development is especially apparent in Alabama. Our study makes predictions of the potential for population range expansion of black bears in Alabama. We created resource selection models for black bears via a Geographic Information System and location data from GPS-collared black bears. Our models suggested that there are areas of Alabama that could provide opportunities for population growth, allowing bear populations to expand toward their historic distribution. Understanding potential bear population expansion in Alabama could help to inform wildlife managers who are seeking to enhance bear populations and prepare for potential bear population growth in the state and elsewhere in the United States.</p>","PeriodicalId":50157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mammalogy","volume":"106 4","pages":"965-975"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12341860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interspecific effects of invasive wild pigs (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) on native nine-banded armadillos (<i>Dasypus novemcinctus</i>).","authors":"Matthew S Broadway, Holly M Todaro, Molly M Koeck, Courtney N Dotterweich, Sarah A Cain, Lindsey Buehler, M Colter Chitwood, Robert C Lonsinger","doi":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf023","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jmammal/gyaf023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biological invasions pose significant risks to ecosystems and native species. Wild pigs (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) are a highly detrimental invasive species in North America, directly and indirectly affecting native species. Co-occurrence of wild pigs and native species may lead to interspecific interactions that alter ecological communities. Accordingly, we investigated spatial and temporal factors influencing detection and occupancy of Eurasian Wild Pig and Nine-banded Armadillo (<i>Dasypus novemcinctus</i>) before examining interspecific effects. We analyzed camera-trap data collected from August to September 2021 using a hierarchical modeling framework to estimate detection and occupancy of both species individually (single-species analyses) and concurrently (conditional co-occurrence analyses). We observed higher Wild Pig detection rates and space use in late summer and in areas with greater riparian cover, respectively. Armadillo detection increased linearly throughout our sampling season and in response to precipitation. Moreover, armadillo detection was 3.5 to 5.1× higher at sites used by wild pigs, regardless of whether wild pigs were detected during a survey period. Occupancy of armadillo was best explained by a quadratic trend in site elevation but did not depend on the presence of wild pigs. Our results indicate that wild pigs may influence armadillo detection (or site-use intensity), but not occupancy, therefore revealing nuanced interspecific interactions. Between species, we observed high overlap in diel activity but significantly different activity peaks, with armadillos being strictly nocturnal and wild pigs being crepuscular but with more cathemeral activity, suggesting that fine-scale temporal partitioning may have occurred. Our results provide insights into the influence of a large-bodied and destructive invasive species (Wild Pig) on a smaller, ecologically important native species (Nine-banded Armadillo).</p>","PeriodicalId":50157,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mammalogy","volume":"106 4","pages":"976-988"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12341870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}