medRxiv - Infectious Diseases最新文献_第7页

Routine Testing for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae Infections within an HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Program in Hanoi, Vietnam: Implications for Low- and Middle-Income Countries 越南河内 HIV 暴露前预防项目中的沙眼衣原体和淋病奈瑟菌感染常规检测：对中低收入国家的影响

medRxiv - Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.30.24312811

Paul C. Adamson, Hao T. M. Bui, Loc Q Pham, Le Minh Giang, Jeffrey D. Klausner

引用次数: 0

The social determinants of maternal and congenital syphilis at the Colombia-Venezuela border: A qualitative study of twenty mothers of newborns with congenital syphilis 哥伦比亚-委内瑞拉边境孕产妇和先天性梅毒的社会决定因素：对二十名患有先天性梅毒的新生儿母亲的定性研究

medRxiv - Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.30.24312781

Doris Parada, Andrea Wirtz, Rafael Olarte, Magaly Pedraza, Bert Hoffmann, Merike Blofield

{"title":"The social determinants of maternal and congenital syphilis at the Colombia-Venezuela border: A qualitative study of twenty mothers of newborns with congenital syphilis","authors":"Doris Parada, Andrea Wirtz, Rafael Olarte, Magaly Pedraza, Bert Hoffmann, Merike Blofield","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.30.24312781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.30.24312781","url":null,"abstract":"Humanitarian crises and resulting out-migration have created contexts in which treatable diseases such as syphilis have expanded in prevalence. Untreated syphilis can have potentially irreversible and devastating consequences, especially for infants born with congenital syphilis. Our study aimed to understand the experiences of postpartum mothers whose newborns have been diagnosed with congenital syphilis and explore the social determinants of maternal and congenital syphilis. The setting of our study is the main public hospital in Cúcuta, Colombia, at the border with Venezuela, which provides emergency care to everyone regardless of documentation and thus receives a high share of Venezuelan migrants. We conducted twenty in-depth interviews with women who had their newborns hospitalized with a diagnosis of congenital syphilis. Sampling was conducted purposively at the hospital, between March and June 2023. Study participants were mostly Venezuelan migrants and Colombian returnees, from their teens to their forties. We used a grounded theory technique to conduct thematic analysis. Four major themes emerged: 1) experiencing a pregnancy in the context of a lack of resources, violence and ignorance; 2) guilt with and reinfection of syphilis; 3) challenges and limitations in accessing health care; and 4) limited support networks and machismo. Reported challenges were intertwined with the high costs of health care in the country of origin, the lack of knowledge of sexually transmitted infections, the limited public health education targeting this population group, and the absence of Colombian public policies that promote care for the non-regularized migrant population.","PeriodicalId":501509,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Infectious Diseases","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DEVELOPMENT OF AN IDENTIFICATION METHOD FOR Leishmania spp BASED ON REAL-TIME PCR WITH HIGH-RESOLUTION MELTING 基于实时 PCR 和高分辨熔融技术的利什曼原虫鉴定方法的开发

medRxiv - Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.30.24312710

Rafael Villareal Julio, Brayan E. Ordoñez, Gabriel A. Pérez, Valeria Manjarrez, Katia Villarreal Julio, Carlos Muskuz

引用次数: 0

Tentative analysis of biomarkers associated with filariasis in moungo division, littoral, cameroon 喀麦隆滨海毛戈省丝虫病相关生物标志物的初步分析

medRxiv - Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.29.24312770

Jean Baptiste Hzounda Fokou, Syntiche Teudem Biyong, Francine Kouemo, Fru Awah Akumwah, Ambassa Reine, Véronique Simone Fannang, Juliette Koube, Jules Clement Assob

引用次数: 0

Genetic ancestry proportion influences risk of adverse events from tuberculosis treatment in Brazil 遗传血统比例对巴西结核病治疗不良事件风险的影响

medRxiv - Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.29.24312595

Jacqueline A. Piekos, Gustavo Amorim, Felipe Ridolfi, Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos, Afrânio L. Kritski, Marina C. Figueiredo, Bruno B. Andrade, Adalberto R. Santos, David W. Haas, Timothy R. Sterling, Valeria C. Rolla, Digna R. Velez Edwards, the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil consortium

{"title":"Genetic ancestry proportion influences risk of adverse events from tuberculosis treatment in Brazil","authors":"Jacqueline A. Piekos, Gustavo Amorim, Felipe Ridolfi, Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos, Afrânio L. Kritski, Marina C. Figueiredo, Bruno B. Andrade, Adalberto R. Santos, David W. Haas, Timothy R. Sterling, Valeria C. Rolla, Digna R. Velez Edwards, the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil consortium","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.29.24312595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.29.24312595","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) treatment is highly effective, but response to therapy can vary by geography, race, and ethnicity. We assessed for differences in TB treatment response in a representative and heterogeneous Brazilian population. We estimated genetic ancestry proportion according to major ancestry groups (African, European, and Amerindian ancestry) in the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil cohort. RePORT-Brazil is an observational prospective cohort study of individuals with newly-diagnosed, culture-confirmed, pulmonary TB. TB treatment outcomes that were attributed to TB treatment included Grade 2 or higher adverse drug reaction (ADR), Grade 3 or higher ADR, hepatic ADR, and failure/recurrence. Ancestry proportion was the main predictor in logistic regression for each outcome, with adjustments for candidate confounders. There were 941 pulmonary TB patients included in this study. We observed a decreased risk of Grade 2+ ADR when African ancestry proportion increased by 10% (Odds Ratio [OR] 0.41, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.20 -0.85) and an increased risk for Grade 2+ ADR with increasing European ancestry (OR 2.84, 95% CI 1.47 - 5.48). We then performed the same analysis adding HIV status as an interaction term. The decreased risk for Grade 2+ ADR seen for African ancestry proportion did not hold for persons living with HIV; we observed increased risk for Grade 2+ ADR with increasing African ancestry proportion. There were no associations with Amerindian ancestry or for other treatment outcomes. In this Brazilian TB cohort, toxicity risk was associated with African and European ancestry, divergent, and affected by HIV.","PeriodicalId":501509,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Infectious Diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza-associated hospitalizations in children, Hong Kong, November 2023 to June 2024 2023 年 11 月至 2024 年 6 月香港儿童接种流感疫苗预防流感相关住院病例的成效

medRxiv - Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.30.24312831

So-Lun Lee, Mike Y. W. Kwan, Caitriona Murphy, Eunice L. Y. Chan, Joshua S. C. Wong, Sheena G. Sullivan, Malik Peiris, Benjamin J. Cowling

引用次数: 0

Clinical health outcomes of Ebola virus disease survivors eight years post recovery: a cross-sectional study in Sierra Leone 埃博拉病毒疾病幸存者康复后八年的临床健康结果：塞拉利昂横断面研究

medRxiv - Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.29.24312780

Brayden G. Schindell, Boghuma K. Titanji, Anne W. Rimoin, Souradet Y. Shaw, Jia B. Kangbai, Jason Kindrachuk

引用次数: 0

Integrating a host transcriptomic biomarker with a large language model for diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infection 将宿主转录组生物标记物与大型语言模型相结合诊断下呼吸道感染

medRxiv - Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.28.24312732

Hoang Van Phan, Natasha Spottiswoode, Emily C. Lydon, Victoria T. Chu, Adolfo Cuesta, Alexander D. Kazberouk, Natalie L. Richmond, Carolyn S. Calfee, Charles R. Langelier

{"title":"Integrating a host transcriptomic biomarker with a large language model for diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infection","authors":"Hoang Van Phan, Natasha Spottiswoode, Emily C. Lydon, Victoria T. Chu, Adolfo Cuesta, Alexander D. Kazberouk, Natalie L. Richmond, Carolyn S. Calfee, Charles R. Langelier","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.28.24312732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.28.24312732","url":null,"abstract":"Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Despite this, diagnosing LRTI remains challenging, particularly in the intensive care unit, where non-infectious respiratory conditions can present with similar features. Here, we tested a new method for LRTI diagnosis that combines the transcriptomic biomarker FABP4 with assessment of text from the electronic medical record (EMR) using the large language model Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4). We evaluated this methodology in a prospective cohort of critically ill adults with acute respiratory failure, in which we measured pulmonary FABP4 expression and identified patients with LRTI or non-infectious conditions using retrospective adjudication. A diagnostic classifier combining FABP4 and GPT-4 achieved an area under the receiver operator curve (AUC) of 0.92 ± 0.06 by five-fold cross validation (CV), outperforming classifiers based on FABP4 expression alone (AUC 0.83) or GPT-4 alone (AUC 0.84). At the Youden’s index within each CV fold, the combined classifier achieved a mean sensitivity of 92% ± 7%, specificity of 90% ± 17% and accuracy of 91% +/- 8%. Taken together, our findings suggest that combining a host transcriptional biomarker with interpretation of EMR data using artificial intelligence is a promising new approach to infectious disease diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":501509,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Infectious Diseases","volume":"2010 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Wearing Glasses for Prevention of SARS-CoV-2 on Visits to Health Care Providers - Additional Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial 佩戴眼镜预防 SARS-CoV-2 对就医的影响--随机对照试验的补充结果

medRxiv - Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.29.24311868

Ingeborg Hess Elgersma, Petter Elstrøm, Lars G. Hemkens, Arnfinn Helleve, Oliver Kacelnik, Atle Fretheim

引用次数: 0

JYNNEOS vaccination induced short-lived neutralizing antibody responses to monkeypox virus in naive individuals 接种 JYNNEOS 疫苗可诱导天真个体产生短暂的猴痘病毒中和抗体反应

medRxiv - Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.28.24312561

Kara Phipps, Jennifer L Yates, Jessica Machowski, Sean Bialosuknia, Danielle Hunt, Alan L Dupuis, Anne Payne, William Lee, Kathleen McDonough

{"title":"JYNNEOS vaccination induced short-lived neutralizing antibody responses to monkeypox virus in naive individuals","authors":"Kara Phipps, Jennifer L Yates, Jessica Machowski, Sean Bialosuknia, Danielle Hunt, Alan L Dupuis, Anne Payne, William Lee, Kathleen McDonough","doi":"10.1101/2024.08.28.24312561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.08.28.24312561","url":null,"abstract":"Current studies of the JYNNEOS-induced neutralizing antibody response to monkeypox virus (MPXV) are limited by either short-term durability data, quantification in an endemic population, or lack of an infectious MPXV neutralization assay. We used plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) with authentic MPXV and vaccinia viruse (VACV) to assess antibody responses over twelve months of eight donors vaccinated with two doses of JYNNEOS. One donor previously received the ACAM2000 vaccine; seven donors were smallpox-vaccine naive. The IgG response of the donors to VACV (L1R, B5R, and A33R) and MPXV (E8L, H3L, A35R) antigens and PRNT titers to both viruses peaked at eight weeks post-vaccination and waned thereafter in naive donors. MPXV PRNT titers were especially low; no naive donors produced a detectable PRNT90 titer. Our results suggest the MPXV humoral response produced by JYNNEOS is limited in naive donors and invites further investigation into current mpox vaccination strategies and correlates of protection.","PeriodicalId":501509,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Infectious Diseases","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142189810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0