arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics最新文献_第6页

SatHub Panel: Satellite Interference in Observatories Around the World SatHub 小组：世界各地天文台受到的卫星干扰

arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: arxiv-2408.15222

Siegfried Eggl, Zouhair Benkhaldoun, Genoveva Micheva, Samuel T. Spencer, David V. Stark, Benjamin Winkel, Meredith Rawls, Mike W. Peel

引用次数: 0

Simulating the Evolution of Lethal Non-Trackable Population and its Effect on LEO Sustainability 模拟致命性非可追踪种群的演变及其对低地轨道可持续性的影响

arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: arxiv-2408.15025

Daniel Jang, Richard Linares

{"title":"Simulating the Evolution of Lethal Non-Trackable Population and its Effect on LEO Sustainability","authors":"Daniel Jang, Richard Linares","doi":"arxiv-2408.15025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.15025","url":null,"abstract":"The vast majority of the orbital population today is unobservable and\u0000untracked because of their small size. These lethal non-trackable objects will\u0000only become more numerous as more payloads and debris are launched into orbit\u0000and increase the collision rate. In this paper, the long-term effect of\u0000collisions is simulated with an efficient Monte-Carlo method to simulate the\u0000future LEO environment including lethal non-trackable objects, which is\u0000typically ignored due to the large computational resources required. The\u0000results show that simulations that do not incorporate lethal non-trackable\u0000debris would be omitting a large number of debilitating collisions with active\u0000payloads and catastrophic collisions to a smaller effect. This shows the\u0000importance of simulating small debris in the long-term evolution of the orbital\u0000population, which is often omitted in the literature. This increased debris\u0000population and consequentially the risk to orbital payloads diminishes as\u0000smaller lethal non-trackable objects are considered. An efficient and validated\u0000model is used to simulate these numerous small objects. Several future cases\u0000such as launches of registered megaconstellations, improved post-mission\u0000disposal rates and no-future launches are explored to understand the effect of\u0000the inclusion or exclusion of lethal non-trackable objects.","PeriodicalId":501423,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global analysis of the extended cosmic-ray decreases observed with world-wide networks of neutron monitors and muon detectors; temporal variation of the rigidity spectrum and its implication 对全球中子监测器和μ介子探测器网络观测到的扩展宇宙射线衰减进行全球分析；刚度谱的时间变化及其影响

arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: arxiv-2408.14696

K. Munakata, Y. Hayashi, M. Kozai, C. Kato, N. Miyashita, R. Kataoka, A. Kadokura, S. Miyake, K. Iwai, E. Echer, A. Dal Lago, M. Rockenbach, N. J. Schuch, J. V. Bageston, C. R. Braga, H. K. Al Jassar, M. M. Sharma, M. L. Duldig, J. E. Humble, I. Sabbah, P. Evenson, T. Kuwabara, J. Kóta

{"title":"Global analysis of the extended cosmic-ray decreases observed with world-wide networks of neutron monitors and muon detectors; temporal variation of the rigidity spectrum and its implication","authors":"K. Munakata, Y. Hayashi, M. Kozai, C. Kato, N. Miyashita, R. Kataoka, A. Kadokura, S. Miyake, K. Iwai, E. Echer, A. Dal Lago, M. Rockenbach, N. J. Schuch, J. V. Bageston, C. R. Braga, H. K. Al Jassar, M. M. Sharma, M. L. Duldig, J. E. Humble, I. Sabbah, P. Evenson, T. Kuwabara, J. Kóta","doi":"arxiv-2408.14696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.14696","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the global analysis of two extended decreases of the\u0000galactic cosmic ray intensity observed by world-wide networks of ground-based\u0000detectors in 2012. This analysis is capable of separately deriving the cosmic\u0000ray density (or omnidirectional intensity) and anisotropy each as a function of\u0000time and rigidity. A simple diffusion model along the spiral field line between\u0000Earth and a cosmic-ray barrier indicates the long duration of these events\u0000resulting from about 190$^circ$ eastern extension of a barrier such as an\u0000IP-shock followed by the sheath region and/or the corotating interaction region\u0000(CIR). It is suggested that the coronal mass ejection merging and compressing\u0000the preexisting CIR at its flank can produce such the extended barrier. The\u0000derived rigidity spectra of the density and anisotropy both vary in time during\u0000each event period. In particular we find that the temporal feature of the\u0000``phantom Forbush decrease'' reported in an analyzed period is dependent on\u0000rigidity, looking quite different at different rigidities. From these rigidity\u0000spectra of the density and anisotropy, we derive the rigidity spectrum of the\u0000average parallel mean-free-path of pitch angle scattering along the spiral\u0000field line and infer the power spectrum of the magnetic fluctuation and its\u0000temporal variation. Possible physical cause of the strong rigidity dependence\u0000of the ``phantom Forbush decrease'' is also discussed. These results\u0000demonstrate the high-energy cosmic rays observed at Earth responding to remote\u0000space weather.","PeriodicalId":501423,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-cost Monitoring of Energetic Particle Precipitation: Weather Balloon-borne Timepix Measurements During the May 2024 Superstorm 低成本监测高能粒子降水：2024 年 5 月超级风暴期间的气象气球载 Timepix 测量

arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: arxiv-2408.14635

L. Olifer, P. Manavalan, D. Headrick, S. Palmers, B. Harbarenko, J. Cai, J. Fourie, O. Bauer, I. Mann

{"title":"Low-cost Monitoring of Energetic Particle Precipitation: Weather Balloon-borne Timepix Measurements During the May 2024 Superstorm","authors":"L. Olifer, P. Manavalan, D. Headrick, S. Palmers, B. Harbarenko, J. Cai, J. Fourie, O. Bauer, I. Mann","doi":"arxiv-2408.14635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.14635","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding energetic electron precipitation is crucial for accurate space\u0000weather modeling and forecasting, impacting the Earth's upper atmosphere and\u0000human infrastructure. This study presents a low-cost, low-mass, and low-power\u0000solution for high-fidelity analysis of electron precipitation events by\u0000measuring the resulting bremsstrahlung X-ray emissions. Specifically, we report\u0000on results from the flight of a radiation detector payload based on a silicon\u0000pixel read-out Timepix detector technology, and its successful utilization\u0000onboard a `burster' weather balloon. We launched this payload during the May\u00002024 superstorm, capturing high-resolution measurements of both background\u0000galactic cosmic ray radiation as well as storm-time energetic electron\u0000precipitation. We further developed particle and radiation detection algorithms\u0000to separate bremsstrahlung X-rays from other particle species in the\u0000pixel-resolved trajectories as seen in the Timepix detector. The measurements\u0000revealed a distinctive four-peak structure in X-ray flux, corresponding to\u0000periodic four-minute-long bursts of energetic electron precipitation between\u000021:20 and 21:40 UT. This precipitation was also observed by a riometer station\u0000close to the balloon launch path, further validating balloon measurements and\u0000the developed X-ray identification algorithm. The clear periodic structure of\u0000the measured precipitation is likely caused by modulation of the electron\u0000losses from the radiation belt by harmonic Pc5 ULF waves, observed\u0000contemporaneously on the ground. The study underscores the potential of\u0000compact, low-cost payloads for advancing our understanding of space weather.\u0000Specifically, we envision a potential use of such Timepix-based detectors in\u0000space science, for example on sounding rockets or nano-, micro-, and small\u0000satellite platforms.","PeriodicalId":501423,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study of the relativistic charged particle beam propagation in Earth's magnetic field 地球磁场中相对论带电粒子束传播研究

arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: arxiv-2409.06713

Meihua Fang, Zheng liang, Yingkui Gong, Jianfei Chen, Guiping Zhu, Ting Liu, Yu Tian, Yu Zhou

引用次数: 0

Ultrafast measurement of field-particle energy transfer during chorus emissions in space 太空合唱发射过程中场-粒子能量转移的超快测量

arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: arxiv-2408.13156

C. M. Liu, B. N. Zhao, J. B. Cao, C. J. Pollock, C. T. Russell, Y. Y. Liu, X. N. Xing, P. A. Linqvist, J. L. Burch

{"title":"Ultrafast measurement of field-particle energy transfer during chorus emissions in space","authors":"C. M. Liu, B. N. Zhao, J. B. Cao, C. J. Pollock, C. T. Russell, Y. Y. Liu, X. N. Xing, P. A. Linqvist, J. L. Burch","doi":"arxiv-2408.13156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.13156","url":null,"abstract":"Chorus is one of the strongest electromagnetic emissions naturally occurring\u0000in space, and can cause hazardous radiations to humans and satellites1-3.\u0000Although chorus has attracted extreme interest and been intensively studied for\u0000decades4-7, its generation and evolution remain highly debated, due to the\u0000complexity of the underlying physics and the limited capacity of previous\u0000spacecraft missions7. Chorus has also been believed to be governed by planetary\u0000magnetic dipolar fields5,7. Contrary to such conventional expectation, here we\u0000report unexpected observations of chorus in the terrestrial neutral sheet where\u0000magnetic dipolar effect is absent. Using unprecedentedly high-cadence data from\u0000the Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission, we present the first, ultrafast\u0000measurements of the wave dispersion relation and electron three-dimensional\u0000distributions within the waves, showing smoking-gun evidences for\u0000chorus-electron interactions and development of electron holes in the wave\u0000phase space. We estimate field-particle energy transfer inside the waves and\u0000find that the waves were extracting energy from local thermal electrons, in\u0000line with the wave positive growth rate derived from instability analysis. Our\u0000observations, opening new pathways for resolving long-standing controversies\u0000regarding the chorus emissions, are crucial for understanding nonlinear energy\u0000transport ubiquitously observed in space and astrophysical environments.","PeriodicalId":501423,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142223606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Straight outta photosphere: Open solar flux without coronal modeling 光球直射无日冕建模的开放式太阳通量

arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: arxiv-2408.11525

Ismo Tähtinen, Timo Asikainen, Kalevi Mursula

{"title":"Straight outta photosphere: Open solar flux without coronal modeling","authors":"Ismo Tähtinen, Timo Asikainen, Kalevi Mursula","doi":"arxiv-2408.11525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.11525","url":null,"abstract":"The open solar flux, that is, the total magnetic flux escaping the Sun, is\u0000one of the most important parameters connecting solar activity to the Earth.\u0000The open solar flux is commonly estimated from photospheric magnetic field\u0000measurements by making model assumptions about the solar corona. However, the\u0000question in which way the open solar flux is directly related to the\u0000distribution of the photospheric magnetic field is still partly unknown. We aim\u0000to reconstruct the open solar flux directly from the photospheric magnetic\u0000fields without making any assumptions about the corona and without using\u0000coronal hole observations, for instance. We modified an earlier vector sum\u0000method by taking magnetic field polarities into account and applied the method\u0000to the synoptic magnetograms of six instruments to determine the open solar\u0000flux from solar cycles 21-24. Results. The modified vector sum method produces\u0000a vector of the global solar magnetic field whose magnitude closely matches the\u0000open solar flux from the potential field source surface (PFSS) model both by\u0000the absolute scale and the overall time evolution for each of the six\u0000magnetograms. The latitude of this vector follows the Hale cycle by always\u0000pointing toward the dominantly positive-polarity hemisphere, and its longitude\u0000coincides with the location of the main coronal holes of the McIntosh Archive.\u0000We find multi-year periods during which the longitude of the vector slowly\u0000drifts or stays rather stationary in the Carrington frame. These periods are\u0000punctuated by times when the longitude moves rapidly in the Carrington frame.\u0000By comparing the magnitude of this vector to the open solar flux calculated\u0000from the PFSS model with different source surface heights, we find that the\u0000best match is produced with a source surface height $R_{ss} = 2.4 -\u00002.5R_odot$.","PeriodicalId":501423,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural Morphing Metasurface for Electromagnetic Beam Manipulation 用于电磁波束操纵的结构变形元表面

arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: arxiv-2408.11231

Aakash Bansal, William Whittow

引用次数: 0

Deciphering Solar Magnetic Activity: Some (Unpopular) Thoughts On the Coupling of the Sun's "Weather" and "Climate" 解密太阳磁活动：关于太阳 "天气 "与 "气候 "耦合的一些（不受欢迎的）想法

arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: arxiv-2408.10354

Scott W. McIntosh, Robert J. Leamon

引用次数: 0

Foreshock Ultra-Low Frequency Waves at Mars: Consequence on the Particle Acceleration Mechanisms at the Martian Bow Shock 火星前震超低频波：对火星弓冲击粒子加速机制的影响

arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: arxiv-2408.09003

Nahuel Andrés, Norberto Romanelli, Christian Mazelle, Li-Jen Chen, Jacob R. Gruesbeck, Jared R. Espley

{"title":"Foreshock Ultra-Low Frequency Waves at Mars: Consequence on the Particle Acceleration Mechanisms at the Martian Bow Shock","authors":"Nahuel Andrés, Norberto Romanelli, Christian Mazelle, Li-Jen Chen, Jacob R. Gruesbeck, Jared R. Espley","doi":"arxiv-2408.09003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.09003","url":null,"abstract":"Using Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN Magnetometer observations, we\u0000report the first statistical study of ultra-low frequency (ULF) waves at the\u0000Martian foreshock. The analyzed foreshock ULF wave events are observed in the\u00000.008-0.086 Hz frequency range, with nearly circular and elliptical left-handed\u0000polarization in the spacecraft reference frame. These waves are propagated\u0000quasi-parallel to the ambient magnetic field, with a moderate wave amplitude.\u0000All these properties are consistent with fast magnetosonic waves, most likely\u0000generated through the ion-ion right-hand resonant instability. In addition, our\u0000results suggest that the associated resonant backstreaming protons' velocities\u0000parallel to the mean magnetic field in the solar wind reference frame is $1.33\u0000pm 0.40$ times the solar wind velocity. The similarity between our results and\u0000previous reports at other foreshocks may indicate the presence of a common\u0000acceleration process acting in planetary bow shocks and that is responsible for\u0000this particular backstreaming population.","PeriodicalId":501423,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142178439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0