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On the Euler-type gravitomagnetic orbital effects in the field of a precessing body 关于前冲天体场中的欧拉型重力磁轨道效应
arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: arxiv-2409.11895
Lorenzo Iorio
{"title":"On the Euler-type gravitomagnetic orbital effects in the field of a precessing body","authors":"Lorenzo Iorio","doi":"arxiv-2409.11895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.11895","url":null,"abstract":"To the first post-Newtonian order, the gravitational action of mass-energy\u0000currents is encoded by the off-diagonal gravitomagnetic components of the\u0000spacetime metric tensor. If they are time-dependent, a further acceleration\u0000enters the equations of motion of a moving test particle. Let the source of the\u0000gravitational field be an isolated, massive body rigidly rotating whose spin\u0000angular momentum experiences a slow precessional motion. The impact of the\u0000aforementioned acceleration on the orbital motion of a test particle is\u0000analytically worked out in full generality. The resulting averaged rates of\u0000change are valid for any orbital configuration of the satellite; furthermore,\u0000they hold for an arbitrary orientation of the precessional velocity vector of\u0000the spin of the central object. In general, all the orbital elements, with the\u0000exception of the mean anomaly at epoch, undergo nonvanishing long-term\u0000variations which, in the case of the Juno spacecraft currently orbiting Jupiter\u0000and the double pulsar PSR J0737-3039 A/B turn out to be quite small. Such\u0000effects might become much more relevant in a star-supermassive black hole\u0000scenario; as an example, the relative change of the semimajor axis of a\u0000putative test particle orbiting a Kerr black hole as massive as the one at the\u0000Galactic Centre at, say, 100 Schwarzschild radii may amount up to about $7%$\u0000per year if the hole's spin precessional frequency is $10%$ of the particle's\u0000orbital one.","PeriodicalId":501423,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Self-similar solutions of oscillatory reconnection: parameter study of magnetic field strength and background temperature 振荡重联的自相似解:磁场强度和背景温度的参数研究
arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: arxiv-2409.12130
Luiz A. C. A. Schiavo, Gert J. J. Botha, James A. McLaughlin
{"title":"Self-similar solutions of oscillatory reconnection: parameter study of magnetic field strength and background temperature","authors":"Luiz A. C. A. Schiavo, Gert J. J. Botha, James A. McLaughlin","doi":"arxiv-2409.12130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.12130","url":null,"abstract":"Oscillatory reconnection is a specific type of time-dependent reconnection\u0000which involves periodic changes in the magnetic topology of a null point. The\u0000mechanism has been reported for a variety of magnetic field strengths and\u0000configurations, background temperatures and densities. All these studies report\u0000an oscillation in the current density at the null point, but also report a\u0000variety of periods, amplitudes and overall behaviors. We conduct a parametric\u0000study for equilibrium magnetic field strength and initial background\u0000temperature, solving 2D resistive MHD equations around a magnetic X-point. We\u0000introduce a parameter space for the ratio of internal-to-magnetic energy and\u0000find self-similar solutions for simulations where this ratio is below 0.1\u0000(which represents a magnetically-dominated environment or, equivalently, a\u0000low-beta plasma). Self-similarity can be seen in oscillations in the current\u0000density at the null (including amplitude and period), Ohmic heating and the\u0000temperature generated via reconnection jets. The parameter space of energy\u0000ratios also allows us to contextualize previous studies of the oscillatory\u0000reconnection mechanism and bring those different studies together into a single\u0000unified understanding.","PeriodicalId":501423,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Post-Keplerian perturbations of the hyperbolic motion in the field of a massive, rotating object 大质量旋转天体场中双曲线运动的后开普勒扰动
arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: arxiv-2409.12063
Lorenzo Iorio
{"title":"Post-Keplerian perturbations of the hyperbolic motion in the field of a massive, rotating object","authors":"Lorenzo Iorio","doi":"arxiv-2409.12063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.12063","url":null,"abstract":"The perturbations of the hyperbolic motion of a test particle due to the\u0000general relativistic gravitoelectromagnetic Schwarzschild and Lense-Thirring\u0000components of the gravitational field of a massive, rotating body are\u0000analytically worked out to the first post-Newtonian level. To the Newtonian\u0000order, the impact of the quadrupole mass moment of the source is calculated as\u0000well. The resulting analytical expressions are valid for a generic orientation\u0000in space of both the orbital plane of the probe and the spin axis of the\u0000primary, and for arbitrary values of the eccentricity. They are applied first\u0000to 'Oumuamua, an interstellar asteroid which recently visited our solar system\u0000along an unbound heliocentric orbit. While its gravitoelectric shifts occurred\u0000close to the Sun's flyby are less than some tens of milliarcseconds, those due\u0000to the solar oblateness and angular momentum are of the order of\u0000microarcseconds throughout the whole trajectory. Comparable values occur for\u0000the post-Newtonian shifts of the Near Earth Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR)\u0000spacecraft during its flyby of the Earth, while those due to the oblateness of\u0000the latter are nominally several orders of magnitude larger. The current\u0000(formal) uncertainty in the quadrupole mass moment of the geopotential would\u0000bring the mismodeling of such classical effects below the nominal value of the\u0000predicted relativistic disturbances. The hyperbolic excess velocity is not\u0000changed by any of the post--Keplerian accelerations considered. The\u0000calculational approach developed can be straightforwardly extended to any\u0000alternative models of gravity as well.","PeriodicalId":501423,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Pileup of Coronal Mass Ejections Produced the Largest Geomagnetic Storm in Two Decades 日冕物质抛射堆积引发二十年来最大的地磁风暴
arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: arxiv-2409.11492
Ying D. Liu, Huidong Hu, Xiaowei Zhao, Chong Chen, Rui Wang
{"title":"A Pileup of Coronal Mass Ejections Produced the Largest Geomagnetic Storm in Two Decades","authors":"Ying D. Liu, Huidong Hu, Xiaowei Zhao, Chong Chen, Rui Wang","doi":"arxiv-2409.11492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.11492","url":null,"abstract":"The largest geomagnetic storm in two decades occurred in 2024 May with a\u0000minimum $D_{rm st}$ of $-412$ nT. We examine its solar and interplanetary\u0000origins by combining multipoint imaging and in situ observations. The source\u0000active region, NOAA AR 13664, exhibited extraordinary activity and produced\u0000successive halo eruptions, which were responsible for two complex ejecta\u0000observed at the Earth. In situ measurements from STEREO A, which was\u0000$12.6^{circ}$ apart, allow us to compare the ``geo-effectiveness\" at the Earth\u0000and STEREO A. We obtain key findings concerning the formation of solar\u0000superstorms and how mesoscale variations of coronal mass ejections affect\u0000geo-effectiveness: (1) the 2024 May storm supports the hypothesis that solar\u0000superstorms are ``perfect storms\" in nature, i.e., a combination of\u0000circumstances resulting in an event of an unusual magnitude; (2) the first\u0000complex ejecta, which caused the geomagnetic superstorm, shows considerable\u0000differences in the magnetic field and associated ``geo-effectiveness\" between\u0000the Earth and STEREO A, despite a mesoscale separation; and (3) two contrasting\u0000cases of complex ejecta are found in terms of the geo-effectiveness at the\u0000Earth, which is largely due to different magnetic field configurations within\u0000the same active region.","PeriodicalId":501423,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142247667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Alpha-Proton Differential Flow of A Coronal Mass Ejection at 15 Solar Radii 15个太阳半径处日冕物质抛射的α-质子差流
arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: arxiv-2409.10799
Xuechao Zhang, Hongqiang Song, Xiaoqian Wang, Leping Li, Hui Fu, Rui Wang, Yao Chen
{"title":"Alpha-Proton Differential Flow of A Coronal Mass Ejection at 15 Solar Radii","authors":"Xuechao Zhang, Hongqiang Song, Xiaoqian Wang, Leping Li, Hui Fu, Rui Wang, Yao Chen","doi":"arxiv-2409.10799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.10799","url":null,"abstract":"Alpha-proton differential flow ($V_{alpha p}$) of coronal mass ejections\u0000(CMEs) and solar wind from the Sun to 1 au and beyond could influence the\u0000instantaneous correspondence of absolute abundances of alpha particles\u0000(He$^{2+}$/H$^{+}$) between solar corona and interplanetary space as the\u0000abundance of a coronal source can vary with time. Previous studies based on\u0000Ulysses and Helios showed that $V_{alpha p}$ is negligible within CMEs from 5\u0000to 0.3 au, similar to slow solar wind ($<$ 400 km s$^{-1}$). However, recent\u0000new observations using Parker Solar Probe (PSP) revealed that the $V_{alpha\u0000p}$ of slow wind increases to $sim$60 km s$^{-1}$ inside 0.1 au. It is\u0000significant to answer whether the $V_{alpha p}$ of CMEs exhibits the similar\u0000behavior near the Sun. In this Letter, we report the $V_{alpha p}$ of a CME\u0000measured by PSP at $sim$15 $R_odot$ for the first time, which demonstrates\u0000that the $V_{alpha p}$ of CMEs is obvious and complex inside 0.1 au while\u0000keeps lower than the local Alfv'{e}n speed. A very interesting point is that\u0000the same one CME duration can be divided into A and B intervals clearly with\u0000Coulomb number below and beyond 0.5, respectively. The means of $V_{alpha p}$\u0000and alpha-to-proton temperature ratios of interval A (B) is 96.52 (21.96) km\u0000s$^{-1}$ and 7.65 (2.23), respectively. This directly illustrates that Coulomb\u0000collisions play an important role in reducing the non-equilibrium features of\u0000CMEs. Our study indicates that the absolute elemental abundances of CMEs also\u0000might vary during their propagation.","PeriodicalId":501423,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142247668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Juno Mission as a Probe of Long-Range New Physics 朱诺飞行任务是远距离新物理学的探测器
arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: arxiv-2409.10616
Praniti Singh, Shi Yan, Itamar J. Allali, JiJi Fan, Lingfeng Li
{"title":"The Juno Mission as a Probe of Long-Range New Physics","authors":"Praniti Singh, Shi Yan, Itamar J. Allali, JiJi Fan, Lingfeng Li","doi":"arxiv-2409.10616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.10616","url":null,"abstract":"Orbits of celestial objects, especially the geocentric and heliocentric ones,\u0000have been well explored to constrain new long-range forces beyond the Standard\u0000Model (SM), often referred to as fifth forces. In this paper, for the first\u0000time, we apply the motion of a spacecraft around Jupiter to probe fifth forces\u0000that don't violate the equivalence principle. The spacecraft is the Juno\u0000orbiter, and ten of its early orbits already allow a precise determination of\u0000the Jovian gravitational field. We use the shift in the precession angle as a\u0000proxy to test non-gravitational interactions between Juno and Jupiter.\u0000Requiring that the contribution from the fifth force does not exceed the\u0000uncertainty of the precession shift inferred from data, we find that a new\u0000parameter space with the mass of the fifth-force mediator around $10^{-14}$ eV\u0000is excluded at 95% C.L.","PeriodicalId":501423,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Variation of Whistler-Mode Wave Characteristics Along Magnetic Field Lines: Comparison of Near-Equatorial THEMIS and Middle-Latitude ERG Observations 惠斯勒模式波特性沿磁场线的变化:近赤道 THEMIS 和中纬度 ERG 观测结果的比较
arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: arxiv-2409.09900
Sophie Kadan, Xiao-Jia Zhang, Anton Artemyev, Yoshizumi Miyoshi, Ayako Matsuoka, Yoshiya Kasahara, Shoya Matsuda, Tomoaki Hori, Mariko Teramoto, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Iku Shinohara
{"title":"Variation of Whistler-Mode Wave Characteristics Along Magnetic Field Lines: Comparison of Near-Equatorial THEMIS and Middle-Latitude ERG Observations","authors":"Sophie Kadan, Xiao-Jia Zhang, Anton Artemyev, Yoshizumi Miyoshi, Ayako Matsuoka, Yoshiya Kasahara, Shoya Matsuda, Tomoaki Hori, Mariko Teramoto, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Iku Shinohara","doi":"arxiv-2409.09900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09900","url":null,"abstract":"The latitudinal distribution of whistler-mode wave intensity plays a crucial\u0000role in determining the efficiency and energy of electrons scattered by these\u0000waves in the outer radiation belt. Traditionally, this wave property has mostly\u0000been derived from statistical measurements of off-equatorial spacecraft, which\u0000collect intensity data at various latitudes under different geomagnetic\u0000conditions and at different times. In this study we examine a set of events\u0000captured by both the near-equatorial THEMIS spacecraft and the off-equatorial\u0000ERG spacecraft. Specifically, we compare the whistler-mode wave intensity from\u0000THEMIS and ERG measurements at the same MLT and time sectors. Similar wave\u0000spectrum characteristics confirm that THEMIS and ERG indeed observed the same\u0000wave activity. However, upon closer examination of the wave intensity\u0000variations, we identify two distinct categories of events: those that follow\u0000the statistically predicted variations in wave intensity along magnetic\u0000latitudes, and those that exhibit rapid wave intensity decay away from the\u0000equatorial plane. We analyze main characteristics of events from both\u0000categories and discuss possible implications of our analysis for radiation belt\u0000models.","PeriodicalId":501423,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142247634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Structure and Kinetic Ion Behavior of Low Mach Number Shocks 低马赫数冲击的结构和离子动力学行为
arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: arxiv-2409.09552
D. B. Graham, Yu. V. Khotyaintsev
{"title":"The Structure and Kinetic Ion Behavior of Low Mach Number Shocks","authors":"D. B. Graham, Yu. V. Khotyaintsev","doi":"arxiv-2409.09552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09552","url":null,"abstract":"Low Mach number collisionless shocks are routinely observed in the solar wind\u0000and upstream of planetary bodies. However, most in situ observations have\u0000lacked the necessary temporal resolution to directly study the kinetic behavior\u0000of ions across these shocks. We investigate a series of five low Mach number\u0000bow shock crossings observed by the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission.\u0000The five shocks had comparable Mach numbers, but varying shock-normal angles\u0000($66^{circ} lesssim theta_{Bn} lesssim 89^{circ}$) and ramp widths\u0000($5~mathrm{km} lesssim l lesssim 100~mathrm{km}$). The shock width is shown\u0000to be crucial in determining the fraction of protons reflected and energized by\u0000the shock, with proton reflection increasing with decreasing shock width. As\u0000the shock width increases proton reflection is arrested entirely. For nearly\u0000perpendicular shocks, reflected protons exhibit quasi-periodic structures,\u0000which persist far downstream of the shock. As the shock-normal angle becomes\u0000more oblique these periodic proton structures broaden to form an energetic halo\u0000population. Periodic fluctuations in the magnetic field downstream of the\u0000shocks are generated by fluctuations in dynamic pressure of alpha particles,\u0000which are decelerated by the cross-shock potential and subsequently undergo\u0000gyrophase bunching. These results demonstrate that complex kinetic-scale ion\u0000dynamics occur in low Mach number shocks, which depend significantly on the\u0000shock profile.","PeriodicalId":501423,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142247669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Numerical simulations of temperature anisotropy instabilities stimulated by suprathermal protons 超热质子激发的温度各向异性不稳定性的数值模拟
arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: arxiv-2409.09180
S. M. Shaaban, R. A. Lopez, M. Lazar, S. Poedts
{"title":"Numerical simulations of temperature anisotropy instabilities stimulated by suprathermal protons","authors":"S. M. Shaaban, R. A. Lopez, M. Lazar, S. Poedts","doi":"arxiv-2409.09180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09180","url":null,"abstract":"The new in situ measurements of the Solar Orbiter mission contribute to the\u0000knowledge of the suprathermal populations in the solar wind, especially of ions\u0000and protons whose characterization, although still in the early phase, seems to\u0000suggest a major involvement in the interaction with plasma wave fluctuations.\u0000Recent studies point to the stimulating effect of suprathermal populations on\u0000temperature anisotropy instabilities in the case of electrons already being\u0000demonstrated in theory and numerical simulations. Here, we investigate\u0000anisotropic protons, addressing the electromagnetic ion-cyclotron (EMIC) and\u0000the proton firehose (PFH) instabilities. Suprathermal populations enhance the\u0000high-energy tails of the Kappa velocity (or energy) distributions measured in\u0000situ, enabling characterization by contrasting to the quasi-thermal population\u0000in the low-energy (bi-)Maxwellian core. We use hybrid simulations to\u0000investigate the two instabilities (with ions or protons as particles and\u0000electrons as fluid) for various configurations relevant to the solar wind and\u0000terrestrial magnetosphere. The new simulation results confirm the linear theory\u0000and its predictions. In the presence of suprathermal protons, the wave\u0000fluctuations reach increased energy density levels for both instabilities and\u0000cause faster and/or deeper relaxation of temperature anisotropy. The magnitude\u0000of suprathermal effects also depends on each instability's specific (initial)\u0000parametric regimes. These results further strengthen the belief that\u0000wave-particle interactions govern space plasmas. These provide valuable clues\u0000for understanding their dynamics, particularly the involvement of suprathermal\u0000particles behind the quasi-stationary non-equilibrium states reported by in\u0000situ observations.","PeriodicalId":501423,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142247672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Classifying different types of solar wind plasma with uncertainty estimations using machine learning 利用机器学习的不确定性估计对不同类型的太阳风等离子体进行分类
arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: arxiv-2409.09230
Tom Narock, Sanchita Pal, Aryana Arsham, Ayris Narock, Teresa Nieves-Chinchilla
{"title":"Classifying different types of solar wind plasma with uncertainty estimations using machine learning","authors":"Tom Narock, Sanchita Pal, Aryana Arsham, Ayris Narock, Teresa Nieves-Chinchilla","doi":"arxiv-2409.09230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09230","url":null,"abstract":"Decades of in-situ solar wind measurements have clearly established the\u0000variation of solar wind physical parameters. These variable parameters have\u0000been used to classify the solar wind magnetized plasma into different types\u0000leading to several classification schemes being developed. These classification\u0000schemes, while useful for understanding the solar wind originating processes at\u0000the Sun and early detection of space weather events, have left open questions\u0000regarding which physical parameters are most useful for classification and how\u0000recent advances in our understanding of solar wind transients impact\u0000classification. In this work, we use neural networks trained with different\u0000solar wind magnetic and plasma characteristics to automatically classify the\u0000solar wind in coronal hole, streamer belt, sector reversal and solar transients\u0000such as coronal mass ejections comprised of both magnetic obstacles and\u0000sheaths. Furthermore, our work demonstrates how probabilistic neural networks\u0000can enhance the classification by including a measure of prediction\u0000uncertainty. Our work also provides a ranking of the parameters that lead to an\u0000improved classification scheme with ~96% accuracy. Our new scheme paves the way\u0000for incorporating uncertainty estimates into space weather forecasting with the\u0000potential to be implemented on real-time solar wind data.","PeriodicalId":501423,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Space Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142247773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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