Journal of Mechanical Design最新文献_第3页

Boosting energy return using 3D printed midsoles designed with compliant constant force mechanisms 利用 3D 打印鞋垫提高能量回馈，鞋垫设计采用顺应性恒力机制

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Journal of Mechanical Design Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1115/1.4064164

Haihua Ou, S. Johnson

{"title":"Boosting energy return using 3D printed midsoles designed with compliant constant force mechanisms","authors":"Haihua Ou, S. Johnson","doi":"10.1115/1.4064164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4064164","url":null,"abstract":"The enhancement of midsole compressive energy return is associated with improved running economy. Traditional midsole materials such as EVA, TPU, and PEBA foams typically exhibit hardening force-displacement characteristics. On the other hand, a midsole with softening properties, which can be achieved through Compliant Constant Force Mechanisms (CFMs), can provide significant benefits in terms of energy storage and return. This study presents the development of such a midsole, incorporating 3D printed TPU CFM designs derived through structural optimization. The mechanical properties under cyclic loading were evaluated and compared with those of commercially available running shoes with state-of-the-art PEBA foam midsoles, specifically the Nike ZoomX Vaporfly Next% 2 (NVP). Our custom midsole demonstrated promising mechanical performance. At similar deformation levels, the new design increased energy storage by 58.1% and energy return by 47.0%, while reducing the peak compressive force by 24.3%. As per our understanding, this is the first study to prove that the inclusion of CFMs in the structural design of 3D printed midsoles can significantly enhance energy return.","PeriodicalId":50137,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Design","volume":"644 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139202692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A new sequential sampling method for surrogate modeling based on a hybrid metric 基于混合度量的代用模型顺序采样新方法

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Journal of Mechanical Design Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1115/1.4064163

Weifei Hu, Feng Zhao, Xiaoyu Deng, Feiyun Cong, Jianwei Wu, Zhen-yu Liu, Jianrong Tan

{"title":"A new sequential sampling method for surrogate modeling based on a hybrid metric","authors":"Weifei Hu, Feng Zhao, Xiaoyu Deng, Feiyun Cong, Jianwei Wu, Zhen-yu Liu, Jianrong Tan","doi":"10.1115/1.4064163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4064163","url":null,"abstract":"Sequential sampling methods have gained significant attention due to their ability to iteratively construct surrogate models by sequentially inserting new samples based on existing ones. However, efficiently and accurately creating surrogate models for high-dimensional, nonlinear, and multimodal problems is still a challenging task. This paper proposes a new sequential sampling method for surrogate modeling based on a hybrid metric, specifically making the following three contributions: (1) a hybrid metric is developed by integrating the leave-one-out cross-validation error, the local nonlinearity, and the relative size of Voronoi regions using the entropy weights, which well considers both the global exploration and local exploitation of existing samples; (2) a Pareto-TOPSIS strategy is proposed to first filter out unnecessary regions and then efficiently identify the sensitive region within the remaining regions, thereby improving the efficiency of sensitive region identification; and (3) a PE&V learning function is proposed based on the prediction error and variance of the intermediate surrogate models to identify the new sample to be inserted in the sensitive region. The proposed sequential sampling method is compared with four state-of-the-art sequential sampling methods for creating Kriging surrogate models in seven numerical cases and one real-world engineering case of a cutterhead of a tunnel boring machine. The results show that compared with the other four methods, the proposed sequential sampling method can more quickly and robustly create an accurate surrogate model using a smaller number of samples.","PeriodicalId":50137,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Design","volume":"122 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139196492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Influence of Digital Sketching Tools on Concept Novelty and Evolution 数字草图工具对概念新颖性和演变的影响

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Journal of Mechanical Design Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1115/1.4064162

Madhurima Das, May Huang, Christine Xu, Maria C. Yang

{"title":"The Influence of Digital Sketching Tools on Concept Novelty and Evolution","authors":"Madhurima Das, May Huang, Christine Xu, Maria C. Yang","doi":"10.1115/1.4064162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4064162","url":null,"abstract":"Digital tools for sketching, such as tablets, have become popular for streamlining design work and keeping a large quantity of sketches in one place. However, their impact on design creativity, novelty, and concept evolution is not yet well understood. Here, we present a controlled human subjects study that assesses the influence of tablets (iPads) on concept novelty and evolution in the context of an engineering design concept generation exercise. We expect that iPad use will not influence concept novelty due to its similar speed of use as pen and paper sketching. We expect to see different patterns in concept evolution between the two types of tools, namely, that iPad users will demonstrate more iteration on a concept (concept evolution) than pen and paper users due to the fact that iPad features make it easy to copy and paste previous sketches and then modify them. We find that the tool used is not correlated with concept novelty. Additionally, we find no strong differences in overall concept evolution quantities between the two tools, though we see that iPad sketches exhibited more cases of consecutive concept evolution than nonconsecutive whereas paper and pen sketches showed an equal amount of both consecutive and non-consecutive concept evolution. Results indicate that overall, iPads may not significantly inhibit designers' creative skills and thus could be a reasonable replacement for pen and paper sketching, which has implications for both design education and practice.","PeriodicalId":50137,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Design","volume":"129 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139205484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Unified Real-time Motion Generation Algorithm for Approximate Position Analysis of Planar N-Bar Mechanisms 用于平面 N 杆机构近似位置分析的统一实时运动生成算法

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Journal of Mechanical Design Pub Date : 2023-11-23 DOI: 10.1115/1.4064132

Z. Lyu, A. Purwar, Wei Liao

引用次数: 0

Does Fan Feel and Visibility during Thermostat Interaction Affect Temperature Selection in Warm Ambient Conditions? 在温暖的环境条件下，恒温器互动时的风扇感和可见度是否会影响温度选择？

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Journal of Mechanical Design Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.1115/1.4064100

Alexa Rea, Laura Corbit, L.H. Shu

引用次数: 0

Nonlinear evaluation of a large-stroke coiled L-shape compliant guiding mechanism with constant stiffness 具有恒定刚度的大冲程盘绕式 L 型顺应导引机构的非线性评估

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Journal of Mechanical Design Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.1115/1.4064074

Mingxiang Ling, Linfeng Zhao, Shilei Wu, Liguo Chen, Lining Sun

{"title":"Nonlinear evaluation of a large-stroke coiled L-shape compliant guiding mechanism with constant stiffness","authors":"Mingxiang Ling, Linfeng Zhao, Shilei Wu, Liguo Chen, Lining Sun","doi":"10.1115/1.4064074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4064074","url":null,"abstract":"Owing to the advantages of monolithic structure and little need for assembling, compliant guiding mechanisms appear to be an effective solution for decoupling multi-freedom precision motions but are still prone to geometric nonlinearities of parasitic error and stiffening effect for large strokes. This paper proposes a coiled L-shape compliant guiding mechanism featuring millimeter-scale strokes with a compact structure, constant stiffness and minimized parasitic error. The coiled compliant guiding mechanism is formed by convolving L-shape flexure beams in a zigzag configuration with decoupled XY motions achieved. Its geometrically nonlinear parasitic error, variation in stiffness and primary vibration are captured by using a dynamic beam constraint model (DBCM). It is theoretically, numerically and experimentally found, by comparing with double parallel guiding mechanisms, that the kinetostatic and dynamic behaviors of the coiled L-shape compliant mechanism are nearly independent on the applied force within the intermediate-deformation ranges. Such a weak geometric nonlinearity with the minimized influence of axially-loaded stiffening and kinematics-arching effects is much different from the double parallel guiding mechanisms. The obtained results indicate that large strokes with constant stiffness and invariable resonance frequency can be realized, which also allows small parasitic errors.","PeriodicalId":50137,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Design","volume":"33 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139266158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and mechanical validation of commercially viable, personalized passive prosthetic feet 商业上可行的个性化被动义足的设计和机械验证

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Journal of Mechanical Design Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.1115/1.4064073

Charlotte Folinus, V. Amos G. Winter

{"title":"Design and mechanical validation of commercially viable, personalized passive prosthetic feet","authors":"Charlotte Folinus, V. Amos G. Winter","doi":"10.1115/1.4064073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4064073","url":null,"abstract":"Current high-performance prosthetic feet work well for many users, but the low resolution of size and stiffness categories may limit walking performance for certain users. A line of prosthetic feet with a high resolution of sizes and stiffnesses, designed through amputee-specific personalization, could provide clinical and economic value. The lower leg trajectory error (LLTE) design framework facilitates the design of high-performance, amputee-specific prosthetic feet; however, previous foot prototypes were not designed to satisfy the economic, mechanical, and aesthetic requirements for commercial adoption. The aims of this work were to understand how a personalized, affordable prosthetic foot can align with the clinical-commercial ecosystem, innovate a viable future product, and inform other prosthesis designers of considerations required to connect innovation to real-world implementation. We evaluated needs by identifying how products, capital, and services flow between stakeholders, and we elucidated design requirements for a personalized prosthetic foot that can be manufactured, dis- tributed, and clinically provided. Based on material properties and manufacturing process capabilities, CNC machining of Nylon 6/6 satisfies these requirements. We present a novel parametric foot architecture that can be CNC machined, fits within a commercial foot shell, and can be designed for individual users' body characteristics and activity levels. Prototypes made using the new foot design behaved as anticipated (1-12% error in modeled displacement), satisfied industry-standard strength (ISO 10328) and mechanical performance (AOPA dynamic heel/keel) requirements, and elicited positive feedback from both amputees and prosthetists.","PeriodicalId":50137,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Design","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139265839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Disassembly and repairability of mechatronic products: insight for engineering design 机电一体化产品的拆卸和可修复性：对工程设计的启示

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Journal of Mechanical Design Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.1115/1.4064075

Núria Boix Rodríguez, Claudio Favi

{"title":"Disassembly and repairability of mechatronic products: insight for engineering design","authors":"Núria Boix Rodríguez, Claudio Favi","doi":"10.1115/1.4064075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4064075","url":null,"abstract":"Designing mechatronic products requires interdisciplinary skills and as products become more complex, the design of mechatronic systems plays a critical role. Repairing plays a key part in achieving a circular economy. Through repairability, the product lifespan can be extended, and combined with maintenance the rate of product replacement can be reduced. Within this context, the goal of this paper is to propose a design methodology (based on the EN 45554:2020 standard) for generating and implementing eco-design rules for disassembly and repair. The methodology has four phases, the first one is the identification of target components (those that are more likely to fail during the lifespan). The second phase encompasses the experimental disassembly analysis which can be manual or virtual. The third phase is the assessment of the Disassemblability Index which includes the analysis of parameters that affect the disassembly phase. The last phase is the implementation of the eco-design methodology for all the components that do not meet the minimum repairability requirements. A case study of electro-mechanical ovens is presented, targeting replaceable components. The results show that the use of this framework and the eco-design actions derived from it are successful in improving the repairability of the product and increasing the Disassemblability Index (30% on average) through a virtual analysis. A sensitivity analysis has been conducted to study the impact of parameter weight modification. This research contributes to advancing repairability and supporting the circular economy paradigm in mechatronic product design.","PeriodicalId":50137,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Design","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139265161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vehicle Crashworthiness Performance Prediction through Fusion of Multiple Data Sources 通过融合多种数据源预测车辆耐撞性能

IF 3.3 3区工程技术

Journal of Mechanical Design Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1115/1.4064063

Jice Zeng, Ying Zhao, Guosong Li, Zhenyan Gao, Yang Li, Saeed Barbat, Zhen Hu

{"title":"Vehicle Crashworthiness Performance Prediction through Fusion of Multiple Data Sources","authors":"Jice Zeng, Ying Zhao, Guosong Li, Zhenyan Gao, Yang Li, Saeed Barbat, Zhen Hu","doi":"10.1115/1.4064063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4064063","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at improving the prediction accuracy of the Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) model for crashworthiness performance evaluation at speeds beyond those defined by current regulations and public domain testing protocols. In this study, two scenarios are investigated: (1) improving CAE model prediction accuracy using test data of a vehicle type that is the same as that of the CAE model; (2) improving CAE model prediction accuracy using test data from two different types of vehicles (e.g., two different sizes of SUVs). In the first scenario, a novel approach is proposed in the displacement domain (deceleration vs. displacement) to enable data fusion to help recover the unmodeled physics in the CAE model. A nonlinear spring-mass model is used to simulate rigid-barrier vehicle frontal impact. A Gaussian process regression (GPR) model is then applied in conjunction with a Gaussian mixture model to capture the model bias of the nonlinear spring constant. In the second scenario, we propose a time domain method (deceleration vs. time) based on temporal convolutional network (TCN) and transfer learning. An initial TCN model is first trained by fusing CAE data with physical test data of the first vehicle type based on data augmentation. This data-augmented TCN model is then fine-tuned through transfer learning using CAE and test data of the second vehicle type. Cased studies are used to validate the proposed approaches, and to demonstrate their efficacy in improving the prediction accuracy of the CAE models.","PeriodicalId":50137,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Design","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139270766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of Deep Neural Networks in Natural Language Processing for Classifying Requirements by Origin and Functionality: An Application of BERT in System Requirement 深度神经网络在自然语言处理中按来源和功能分类需求的有效性——BERT在系统需求中的应用

3区工程技术

Journal of Mechanical Design Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1115/1.4063764

Jesse Mullis, Cheng Chen, Scott Ferguson, Beshoy Morkos

{"title":"Efficacy of Deep Neural Networks in Natural Language Processing for Classifying Requirements by Origin and Functionality: An Application of BERT in System Requirement","authors":"Jesse Mullis, Cheng Chen, Scott Ferguson, Beshoy Morkos","doi":"10.1115/1.4063764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4063764","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Given the foundational role of system requirements in design projects, designers can benefit from classifying, comparing, and observing connections between requirements. Manually undertaking these processes, however, can be laborious and time-consuming. Previous studies have employed Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT), a state-of-the-art natural language processing (NLP) deep neural network model, to automatically analyze written requirements. Yet, it remains unclear whether BERT can sufficiently capture the nuances that differentiate requirements between and within design documents. This work evaluates BERT’s performance on two requirement classification tasks (one inter- document and one intra-document) executed on a corpus of 1,303 requirements sourced from five system design projects. First, in the “parent document classification” task, a BERT model is fine-tuned to classify requirements according to their originating project. A separate BERT model is then fine-tuned on a “functional classification” task where each requirement is classified as either functional or nonfunctional. Our results also include a comparison with a baseline model, Word2Vec, and demonstrate that our model achieves higher classification accuracy. When evaluated on test sets, the former model receives a Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.95, while the latter receives an MCC of 0.82, indicating BERT’s ability to reliably distinguish requirements. This work then explores the application of BERT’s representations, known as embeddings, to identify similar requirements and predict requirement change.","PeriodicalId":50137,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Mechanical Design","volume":"6 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134993750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0