AIDS Care最新文献

{"title":"Improvements in pediatric and adolescent HIV testing and identification in western Kenya under the Accelerating Children's HIV/AIDS Treatment initiative.","authors":"Nicollate Okoko,&nbsp;A Rain Mocello,&nbsp;Julie Kadima,&nbsp;Jayne Kulzer,&nbsp;George Nyanaro,&nbsp;Cinthia Blat,&nbsp;Mary Guzé,&nbsp;Elizabeth A Bukusi,&nbsp;Craig R Cohen,&nbsp;Lisa Abuogi,&nbsp;Starley B Shade","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2021.1909694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2021.1909694","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pediatric HIV remains a significant global concern, with 160,000 new infections annually. Accelerating Children's HIV/AIDS Treatment (ACT) provided a strategic response to the \"treatment gap\" for children. We examined whether activities under ACT increased testing and identification of youth living with HIV (YLWH). Family AIDS Care & Education Services implemented ACT across 130 health facilities in western Kenya between October 2015 and September 2016, providing: HIV-testing counselors and space; training on the Family Information Table (FIT) and chart audits; community outreach testing; and text message reminders for pregnant women. We analyzed the number of youths tested and identified with HIV over time and between intervention and control sites using interrupted time series analysis. We tested 268,312 youths (7,183 infants <18 months; 145,833 children 18 months to 9 years; and 115,296 adolescents 10-14 years). Mean monthly number tested per health facility increased from 2.8 to 7.2 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) in infants, 44.8-142.0 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) in children, and 30.1-123.3 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) in adolescents. Mean monthly number identified with HIV per facility increased from 0.06 to 0.37 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) in infants; 0.34-0.62 (<i>p</i> = 0.008) in children; and 0.17-0.26 (<i>p</i> = 0.04) in adolescents, resulting in 1,328 diagnoses. Among infants, FIT training was associated with increased HIV testing over time, incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 3.85 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.16-6.84; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Text messaging increased testing, IRR = 2.10 (95% CI 1.57-2.80; <i>p</i> < 0.0001) and identification of HIV in infants, IRR = 1.83 (95% CI 1.06-3.18; <i>p</i> = 0.0381) and older children, IRR = 2.25 (95% CI 1.62, 3.13; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Chart audits increased testing over time among adolescents (IRR = 2.11; 95% CI 1.21-3.66; <i>p</i> = 0.0082). Outreach was associated with identification of adolescents with HIV, IRR = 1.58 (95% CI 1.22-2.06; <i>p</i> = 0.0005). In lower-income settings, targeted interventions effective at reaching YLWH can help optimize resource allocation to address gaps in testing and identification to further reduce HIV-related morbidity and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":501279,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Care","volume":" ","pages":"250-262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09540121.2021.1909694","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25558408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a four-week aerobic exercise programme on depression, anxiety and general self-efficacy in people living with HIV on highly active anti-retroviral therapy.","authors":"Nse A Odunaiya,&nbsp;Samuel A Agbaje,&nbsp;Opeyemi Mercy Adegoke,&nbsp;Oluwafemi O Oguntibeju","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2021.1883513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2021.1883513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a major public health concern. Depression, anxiety and reduced self-efficacy are common psychological problems experienced by people living with HIV. We investigated the effects of a four-week, supervised aerobic exercise programme on depression, anxiety and self-efficacy of people living with HIV on HAART in Ibadan, Nigeria. A quasi-experimental design was used. Fifty-three eligible participants completed the study and only their data were analysed. The experimental subjects received aerobic exercise training for thirty minutes, three times per week for four weeks, alongside HAART, while control subjects were only on HAART. Depression, anxiety and self-efficacy scores were assessed at baseline and after the fourth week. Descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation were used to summarise data, and inferential statistics of independent <i>t</i>-test was used to compare data between groups. At the end of the aerobic exercise programme, there was significant improvement in depression (<i>p</i> < 0.001), anxiety (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and self-efficacy scores (<i>p</i> = 0.042) in the experimental group, compared to the control group. More attention should be given to the prevention and management of psychological problems in people living with HIV through the use of aerobic exercise.</p>","PeriodicalId":501279,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Care","volume":" ","pages":"173-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09540121.2021.1883513","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25364179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors that influence HIV status disclosure among the elderly: perspectives from Shurugwi, Zimbabwe.","authors":"Julia Mutambara,&nbsp;Shelter Vandirayi,&nbsp;James January,&nbsp;Herbert Zirima","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2021.1930997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2021.1930997","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the widespread availability of antiretroviral medications, many people with HIV are living longer. Being an HIV-positive elderly, however, brings in complications as far as disclosure of status is concerned. This phenomenological study was carried out to explore factors that influence disclosure among the elderly. Sample data was obtained from 14 participants aged at least 50 years who attended a certain District Hospital for ART. Using the convenience sampling technique, the researchers were able to select those patients who were easily accessible until sample size was reached. The researchers used interpretive thematic analysis that allowed coding of findings. The main findings from the research indicated that stigma, loss of family support, partner's reaction and cultural norms were the main reasons that hindered the elderly to freely disclose their HIV-positive serostatus as it cuts across all their social interactions. In order to reduce the negative consequences of nondisclosure, the elderly, their significant others and the general public need to be educated about the importance of disclosure among the elderly and support groups for the elderly need to be availed.</p>","PeriodicalId":501279,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Care","volume":" ","pages":"112-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09540121.2021.1930997","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39021311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal trends in self-reported HIV stigma and association with adherence and viral suppression in the African Cohort Study.","authors":"Allahna Esber,&nbsp;Nicole Dear,&nbsp;Domonique Reed,&nbsp;Emmanuel Bahemana,&nbsp;John Owouth,&nbsp;Jonah Maswai,&nbsp;Hannah Kibuuka,&nbsp;Michael Iroezindu,&nbsp;Trevor A Crowell,&nbsp;Christina S Polyak,&nbsp;Eniko Akom,&nbsp;Julie A Ake","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2021.1984380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2021.1984380","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HIV stigma is a major barrier to HIV care and treatment among people living with HIV (PLWH). Evidence suggests that expansion in antiretroviral therapy (ART) may reduce stigma. However, there are limited longitudinal studies examining temporal trends in HIV stigma in sub-Saharan Africa in the Undetectable = Untransmittable (U = U) era. We longitudinally assessed temporal trends in self-reported experienced stigma and the association of experienced stigma with ART adherence and viral suppression among PLWH enrolled in the African Cohort Study (AFRICOS). AFRICOS is an ongoing cohort study enrolling PLWH in Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, and Nigeria. As of 1 March 2020, 2937 PLWH enrolled in AFRICOS and had available data. In 2013, 22% of participants reported stigma at the enrollment visit and by 2018 the prevalence decreased to 1% overall and was below 2% for all countries. However, there was not a statistically significant change in stigma prevalence in our longitudinal models. In adjusted models, experiencing stigma was associated with a 0.67 decreased odds of ART Adherence (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.56-0.80) and a 0.64 decreased odds of viral suppression (95% CI: 0.73-0.99). HIV-associated stigma was associated with poor self-reported ART adherence and unsuppressed viral load.</p>","PeriodicalId":501279,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Care","volume":" ","pages":"78-85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39487886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinese mothers' intent to disclose the HIV status to their children: the role of outcome expectations and self-efficacy.","authors":"Qian Wang, Zixin Wang, Xiaomeng Ma, Polin Chan, Joseph T F Lau, Phoenix K H Mo","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2021.1882930","DOIUrl":"10.1080/09540121.2021.1882930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study examined the association between outcome expectations, self-efficacy, and intention to disclose HIV status to children among HIV-positive women in China, and the moderating and mediating role of self-efficacy on the association between outcome expectations and intention to disclose. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 179 HIV-positive mothers who had at least one living child aged >5 years and had not yet disclosed their HIV status to her oldest child. Results from hierarchical regressions revealed that after adjusting for socio-demographic and medical variables, negative outcome expectations had a negative association (<i>β</i> = -0.22), while disclosure self-efficacy had a positive association (<i>β</i> = 0.43) with an intention to disclose HIV. The moderation effect of self-efficacy on the association between outcome expectations and intention to disclose HIV was not significant. Results from structural equation modeling showed that self-efficacy mediated the association between negative/positive outcome expectations and intention to disclose HIV. Findings support the importance of outcome expectations and self-efficacy and also the mediating role of self-efficacy in HIV disclosure among HIV-positive mothers in the Chinese context.</p>","PeriodicalId":501279,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Care","volume":" ","pages":"95-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25349499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using decision tree analysis to understand the influence of social networks on disclosure of HIV infection status.","authors":"Gwang Suk Kim,&nbsp;Mi-So Shim,&nbsp;Jeongmin Yi","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2021.1954587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2021.1954587","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disclosure of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection status improves treatment adherence and HIV prevention. Social networks influence such disclosure by people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH). This study aimed to investigate the disclosure status of Korean PLWH and determine the social network characteristics associated with disclosure. A cross-sectional study design was used, and 148 Korean PLWH answered self-report questionnaires that included items on the characteristics of social networks and disclosure. Logistic regression and decision tree analysis were performed. In total, 81 participants (54.7%) reported disclosing HIV status to the most important supporter. Five factors were found to influence disclosure: age, self-help group participation, living arrangement, social network relationship, and tie strength; three groups had higher percentages of nondisclosure. The findings suggest that healthcare practitioners should provide adequate counseling by considering the characteristics of social networks and disclosure status of PLWH. Researchers should identify high-risk populations using decision tree analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":501279,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Care","volume":" ","pages":"118-126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09540121.2021.1954587","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39208075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caregiver and child factors predicting HIV status disclosure among children enrolled on ART: a cross-regional study in Addis Ababa and Oromia, Ethiopia.","authors":"Rebecka Carlberg,&nbsp;Eva Wolgast,&nbsp;Inger Kristensson Hallström,&nbsp;Mulatu Biru","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2021.1918622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2021.1918622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The World Health Organization recommends that for children of school age who are HIV-positive, their HIV status should be disclosed. The purpose of this study was to get a better understanding of disclosure rates among school-aged children in Ethiopia and to investigate the variables amongst caregivers and children predicting disclosure/non-disclosure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 231 children were collected prospectively through a structured questionnaire after initiation of ART treatment. Data were analysed with <i>χ</i>² test for comparison and logistic regression to verify the prediction of independent variables with the child's HIV status disclosure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Child age, caregiver marital status and caregiver residence were significantly associated with disclosure at 6 months. Similarly, child age, caregiver marital status and caregiver-child relationship were found to be significantly associated with disclosure at 12 months. Child age greater than nine years at 6 months (aOR 8.5, 95% CI: 2.5-29) and at 12 months (aOR 5.3, 95% CI: 1.8-16) were found to be significantly associated with disclosure. Furthermore, at 6 months, children with caregivers who had a partner they were not married to were more likely to disclose the HIV status to the child. This study suggests that paediatrics HIV care and treatment should consider these issues through contextualized strategies on child HIV disclosure and related challenges. Large-scale studies are required to better generalize on the subject.</p>","PeriodicalId":501279,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Care","volume":" ","pages":"105-111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09540121.2021.1918622","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38875392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between HIV disclosure, spousal testing and unprotected vaginal intercourse within marriage among HIV positive married MSM in China.","authors":"Yuanyuan Chi,&nbsp;Daoping Huang,&nbsp;Teri Lindgren,&nbsp;Lloyd Goldsamt,&nbsp;Jing Zhou,&nbsp;Yong Ren,&nbsp;Lin Zhang,&nbsp;Xianhong Li","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2021.2008859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2021.2008859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disclosure of HIV status can encourage spouses of people diagnosed with HIV to prioritize HIV prevention. However, few studies have reported the HIV disclosure status of married men who have sex with men (MSM) and their female spouses. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of HIV disclosure, and whether it was associated with spouses' HIV testing uptake and unprotected vaginal intercourse within marriage for MSM living with HIV (HIV + MSM) in China. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three Chinese cities. Of 309 participants, only 31.1% of men had disclosed their HIV status to spouses. About 80% of participants reported that their spouses had been tested for HIV. A small proportion of men (9.1%) had unprotected sex with their spouse after HIV diagnosis. Multivariate analyses indicated HIV disclosure was positively associated with HIV testing uptake of spouses, but there was no significant association between HIV disclosure and unprotected marital sexual behaviors for HIV + MSM. The findings indicated that HIV disclosure to spouses is uncommon among married HIV + MSM in China, and HIV disclosure is associated with increased uptake of HIV testing among spouses of MSM, but it does not decrease the unprotected sexual behaviors in marriage.</p>","PeriodicalId":501279,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Care","volume":" ","pages":"127-134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39886870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, empathy, and willingness to counsel patients with HIV among Indonesian pharmacists: a national survey of stigma.","authors":"E I Sianturi,&nbsp;E Latifah,&nbsp;M Pane,&nbsp;D A Perwitasari,&nbsp;Satibi,&nbsp;S A Kristina,&nbsp;E B Hastuti,&nbsp;J Pavlovich,&nbsp;K Taxis","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2021.1883506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2021.1883506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess the level of HIV treatment knowledge, empathy, and HIV stigma of pharmacy students and pharmacists working with patients as well as potential factors associated with stigma. This survey included 250 hospital pharmacists within 33 provinces and 1013 final-year pharmacy students from Java, the most populated island in Indonesia. The data were collected via Qualtrics® and distributed by WhatsApp. The mean age of the participants was (Mean ± SD) 24.68 ± 5.30 years, and 80.0% were female. The mean knowledge score of students and pharmacists were 14.14 ± 2.01 and 15.39 ± 1.87, respectively, out of the maximum score of 21. The mean empathy score of students and pharmacists was 72.06 ± 5.39 and 77.40 ± 1.35, respectively out of the maximum score of 105. The mean stigma score of students and pharmacists was 21.02 ± 4.65 and 20.66 ± 4.41, respectively, out of a maximum score of 48. Regression analysis showed that knowledge, empathy, and willingness to counsel patients were negatively associated with stigma. Working with patients was positively associated with stigma. A multi-level intervention including education may reduce stigma and strengthen the role of pharmacists in caring for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":501279,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Care","volume":" ","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09540121.2021.1883506","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25352237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring HIV stigma among future healthcare providers in Indonesia.","authors":"Agung Waluyo,&nbsp;Muchtaruddin Mansyur,&nbsp;Valerie A Earnshaw,&nbsp;Alana Steffen,&nbsp;Tuti Herawati,&nbsp;Riri Maria,&nbsp;Gabriel J Culbert","doi":"10.1080/09540121.2021.1897777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2021.1897777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Future healthcare professionals are an important group for interventions to eliminate HIV stigma in the health workforce. Researchers examined HIV stigma and its relationship with healthcare discipline, HIV knowledge, and religiosity among nursing, medical, and midwifery students (N = 505) in three regions of Indonesia. In a multivariable linear model, higher HIV stigma was associated with male sex, lower levels of income and HIV knowledge, and higher levels of religiosity. An interaction of healthcare discipline and province was also significant. Medical students in Jakarta had higher predicted stigma scores compared to nursing students in Jakarta and compared to medical students in other provinces. Nursing students in Papua had lower predicted stigma scores compared to medical and midwifery students in Papua and compared to nursing students elsewhere. Strategies to reduce HIV stigma in the Indonesian health workforce should include a strong focus on pre-clinical educational settings and consider public nursing institutions as providing possible best practice models.</p>","PeriodicalId":501279,"journal":{"name":"AIDS Care","volume":" ","pages":"29-38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09540121.2021.1897777","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25473843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}