arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability最新文献_第4页

An Assessment of Commonly Used Equivalent Circuit Models for Corrosion Analysis: A Bayesian Approach to Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy 腐蚀分析中常用等效电路模型的评估：电化学阻抗光谱的贝叶斯方法

arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: arxiv-2407.20297

Runze Zhang, Debashish Sur, Kangming Li, Julia Witt, Robert Black, Alexander Whittingham, John R. Scully, Jason Hattrick-Simpers

{"title":"An Assessment of Commonly Used Equivalent Circuit Models for Corrosion Analysis: A Bayesian Approach to Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy","authors":"Runze Zhang, Debashish Sur, Kangming Li, Julia Witt, Robert Black, Alexander Whittingham, John R. Scully, Jason Hattrick-Simpers","doi":"arxiv-2407.20297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.20297","url":null,"abstract":"Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) is a crucial technique for\u0000assessing corrosion of a metallic materials. The analysis of EIS hinges on the\u0000selection of an appropriate equivalent circuit model (ECM) that accurately\u0000characterizes the system under study. In this work, we systematically examined\u0000the applicability of three commonly used ECMs across several typical material\u0000degradation scenarios. By applying Bayesian Inference to simulated corrosion\u0000EIS data, we assessed the suitability of these ECMs under different corrosion\u0000conditions and identified regions where the EIS data lacks sufficient\u0000information to statistically substantiate the ECM structure. Additionally, we\u0000posit that the traditional approach to EIS analysis, which often requires\u0000measurements to very low frequencies, might not be always necessary to\u0000correctly model the appropriate ECM. Our study assesses the impact of omitting\u0000data from low to medium-frequency ranges on inference results and reveals that\u0000a significant portion of low-frequency measurements can be excluded without\u0000substantially compromising the accuracy of extracting system parameters.\u0000Further, we propose simple checks to the posterior distributions of the ECM\u0000components and posterior predictions, which can be used to quantitatively\u0000evaluate the suitability of a particular ECM and the minimum frequency required\u0000to be measured. This framework points to a pathway for expediting EIS\u0000acquisition by intelligently reducing low-frequency data collection and\u0000permitting on-the-fly EIS measurements","PeriodicalId":501065,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141865167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Superuniversal Statistics of Complex Time-Delays in Non-Hermitian Scattering Systems 非赫米提散射系统中复杂时延的超通用统计

arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: arxiv-2408.05343

Nadav Shaibe, Jared M. Erb, Steven M. Anlage

{"title":"Superuniversal Statistics of Complex Time-Delays in Non-Hermitian Scattering Systems","authors":"Nadav Shaibe, Jared M. Erb, Steven M. Anlage","doi":"arxiv-2408.05343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2408.05343","url":null,"abstract":"The Wigner-Smith time-delay of flux conserving systems is a real quantity\u0000that measures how long an excitation resides in an interaction region. The\u0000complex generalization of time-delay to non-Hermitian systems is still under\u0000development, in particular, its statistical properties in the short-wavelength\u0000limit of complex chaotic scattering systems has not been investigated. From the\u0000experimentally measured multi-port scattering ($S$)-matrices of one-dimensional\u0000graphs, a two-dimensional billiard, and a three-dimensional cavity, we\u0000calculate the complex Wigner-Smith ($tau_{WS}$), as well as each individual\u0000reflection ($tau_{xx}$) and transmission ($tau_{xy}$) time-delays. The\u0000complex reflection time-delay differences ($tau_{delta R}$) between each port\u0000are calculated, and the transmission time-delay differences ($tau_{delta T}$)\u0000are introduced for systems exhibiting non-reciprocal scattering. Large\u0000time-delays are associated with coherent perfect absorption, reflectionless\u0000scattering, slow light, and uni-directional invisibility. We demonstrate that\u0000the large-delay tails of the distributions of the real and imaginary parts of\u0000each of these time-delay quantities are superuniversal, independent of\u0000experimental parameters: uniform attenuation $eta$, number of scattering\u0000channels $M$, wave propagation dimension $mathcal{D}$, and Dyson symmetry\u0000class $beta$. This superuniversality is in direct contrast with the\u0000well-established time-delay statistics of unitary scattering systems, where the\u0000tail of the $tau_{WS}$ distribution depends explicitly on the values of $M$\u0000and $beta$. Due to the direct analogy of the wave equations, the time-delay\u0000statistics described in this paper are applicable to any non-Hermitian\u0000wave-chaotic scattering system in the short-wavelength limit, such as quantum\u0000graphs, electromagnetic, optical and acoustic resonators, etc.","PeriodicalId":501065,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142179263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards unveiling the large-scale nature of gravity with the wavelet scattering transform 利用小波散射变换揭示万有引力的大尺度性质

arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: arxiv-2407.18647

Georgios Valogiannis, Francisco Villaescusa-Navarro, Marco Baldi

{"title":"Towards unveiling the large-scale nature of gravity with the wavelet scattering transform","authors":"Georgios Valogiannis, Francisco Villaescusa-Navarro, Marco Baldi","doi":"arxiv-2407.18647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.18647","url":null,"abstract":"We present the first application of the Wavelet Scattering Transform (WST) in\u0000order to constrain the nature of gravity using the three-dimensional (3D)\u0000large-scale structure of the universe. Utilizing the Quijote-MG N-body\u0000simulations, we can reliably model the 3D matter overdensity field for the f(R)\u0000Hu-Sawicki modified gravity (MG) model down to $k_{rm max}=0.5$ h/Mpc.\u0000Combining these simulations with the Quijote $nu$CDM collection, we then\u0000conduct a Fisher forecast of the marginalized constraints obtained on gravity\u0000using the WST coefficients and the matter power spectrum at redshift z=0. Our\u0000results demonstrate that the WST substantially improves upon the 1$sigma$\u0000error obtained on the parameter that captures deviations from standard General\u0000Relativity (GR), yielding a tenfold improvement compared to the corresponding\u0000matter power spectrum result. At the same time, the WST also enhances the\u0000precision on the $Lambda$CDM parameters and the sum of neutrino masses, by\u0000factors of 1.2-3.4 compared to the matter power spectrum, respectively. Despite\u0000the overall reduction in the WST performance when we focus on larger scales, it\u0000still provides a relatively $4.5times$ tighter 1$sigma$ error for the MG\u0000parameter at $k_{rm max}=0.2$ h/Mpc, highlighting its great sensitivity to the\u0000underlying gravity theory. This first proof-of-concept study reaffirms the\u0000constraining properties of the WST technique and paves the way for exciting\u0000future applications in order to perform precise large-scale tests of gravity\u0000with the new generation of cutting-edge cosmological data.","PeriodicalId":501065,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141865093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physics-guided machine learning predicts the planet-scale performance of solar farms with sparse, heterogeneous, public data 物理引导的机器学习利用稀疏、异构的公共数据预测太阳能发电场的地球级性能

arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: arxiv-2407.18284

Jabir Bin Jahangir, Muhammad Ashraful Alam

{"title":"Physics-guided machine learning predicts the planet-scale performance of solar farms with sparse, heterogeneous, public data","authors":"Jabir Bin Jahangir, Muhammad Ashraful Alam","doi":"arxiv-2407.18284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.18284","url":null,"abstract":"The photovoltaics (PV) technology landscape is evolving rapidly. To predict\u0000the potential and scalability of emerging PV technologies, a global\u0000understanding of these systems' performance is essential. Traditionally,\u0000experimental and computational studies at large national research facilities\u0000have focused on PV performance in specific regional climates. However,\u0000synthesizing these regional studies to understand the worldwide performance\u0000potential has proven difficult. Given the expense of obtaining experimental\u0000data, the challenge of coordinating experiments at national labs across a\u0000politically-divided world, and the data-privacy concerns of large commercial\u0000operators, however, a fundamentally different, data-efficient approach is\u0000desired. Here, we present a physics-guided machine learning (PGML) scheme to\u0000demonstrate that: (a) The world can be divided into a few PV-specific climate\u0000zones, called PVZones, illustrating that the relevant meteorological conditions\u0000are shared across continents; (b) by exploiting the climatic similarities,\u0000high-quality monthly energy yield data from as few as five locations can\u0000accurately predict yearly energy yield potential with high spatial resolution\u0000and a root mean square error of less than 8 kWhm$^{2}$, and (c) even with\u0000noisy, heterogeneous public PV performance data, the global energy yield can be\u0000predicted with less than 6% relative error compared to physics-based\u0000simulations provided that the dataset is representative. This PGML scheme is\u0000agnostic to PV technology and farm topology, making it adaptable to new PV\u0000technologies or farm configurations. The results encourage physics-guided,\u0000data-driven collaboration among national policymakers and research\u0000organizations to build efficient decision support systems for accelerated PV\u0000qualification and deployment across the world.","PeriodicalId":501065,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141865170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unraveling Complexity: Singular Value Decomposition in Complex Experimental Data Analysis 揭示复杂性：复杂实验数据分析中的奇异值分解

arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: arxiv-2407.16267

Judith F. Stein, Aviad Frydman, Richard Berkovits

引用次数: 0

Setting of the Poincaré section for accurately calculating the phase of rhythmic spatiotemporal dynamics 为准确计算节奏时空动态的相位而设置波因卡雷截面

arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability Pub Date : 2024-07-22 DOI: arxiv-2407.16080

Takahiro Arai, Yoji Kawamura, Toshio Aoyagi

{"title":"Setting of the Poincaré section for accurately calculating the phase of rhythmic spatiotemporal dynamics","authors":"Takahiro Arai, Yoji Kawamura, Toshio Aoyagi","doi":"arxiv-2407.16080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.16080","url":null,"abstract":"The synchronization analysis of limit-cycle oscillators is prevalent in many\u0000fields, including physics, chemistry, and life sciences. It relies on the phase\u0000calculation that utilizes measurements. However, the synchronization of\u0000spatiotemporal dynamics cannot be analyzed because a standardized method for\u0000calculating the phase has not been established. The presence of spatial\u0000structure complicates the determination of which measurements should be used\u0000for accurate phase calculation. To address this, we explore a method for\u0000calculating the phase from the time series of measurements taken at a single\u0000spatial grid point. The phase is calculated to increase linearly between event\u0000times when the measurement time series intersects the Poincar'e section. The\u0000difference between the calculated phase and the isochron-based phase, resulting\u0000from the discrepancy between the isochron and the Poincar'e section, is\u0000evaluated using a linear approximation near the limit-cycle solution. We found\u0000that the difference is small when measurements are taken from regions that\u0000dominate the rhythms of the entire spatiotemporal dynamics. Furthermore, we\u0000investigate an alternative method where the Poincar'e section is applied to\u0000the time series obtained through orthogonal decomposition of the entire\u0000spatiotemporal dynamics. We present two decomposition schemes that utilize the\u0000principal component analysis. For illustration, the phase is calculated from\u0000the measurements of spatiotemporal dynamics exhibiting target waves or\u0000oscillating spots, simulated by weakly coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo\u0000reaction-diffusion models.","PeriodicalId":501065,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141784371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the Event-Shape Methods in Search for the Chiral Magnetic Effect in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions 研究在相对论重离子碰撞中寻找手性磁效应的事件形状方法

arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: arxiv-2407.14489

Han-Sheng Li, Yicheng Feng, Fuqiang Wang

{"title":"Investigating the Event-Shape Methods in Search for the Chiral Magnetic Effect in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions","authors":"Han-Sheng Li, Yicheng Feng, Fuqiang Wang","doi":"arxiv-2407.14489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.14489","url":null,"abstract":"Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME) is a phenomenon in which electric charge is\u0000separated by a strong magnetic field from local domains of chirality imbalance\u0000and parity violation in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The CME-sensitive\u0000observable, charge-dependent three-point azimuthal correlator $Deltagamma$,\u0000is contaminated by a major physics background proportional to the particle's\u0000elliptic anisotropy $v_2$. Event-shape engineering (ESE) binning events in\u0000dynamical fluctuations of $v_2$ and event-shape selection (ESS) binning events\u0000in statistical fluctuations of $v_2$ are two methods to search for the CME by\u0000projecting $Deltagamma$ to the $v_2=0$ intercept. We conduct a systematic\u0000study of these two methods using physics models as well as toy model\u0000simulations. It is observed that the ESE method requires significantly more\u0000statistics than the ESS method to achieve the same statistical precision of the\u0000intercept. It is found that the intercept from the ESS method depends on the\u0000details of the event content, such as the mixtures of background contributing\u0000sources, and thus is not a clean measure of the CME.","PeriodicalId":501065,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141739012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Theoretical Analysis on Block Time Distributions in Byzantine Fault-Tolerant Consensus Blockchains 拜占庭容错共识区块链的区块时间分布理论分析

arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability Pub Date : 2024-07-19 DOI: arxiv-2407.14299

Akihiro Fujihara

{"title":"Theoretical Analysis on Block Time Distributions in Byzantine Fault-Tolerant Consensus Blockchains","authors":"Akihiro Fujihara","doi":"arxiv-2407.14299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.14299","url":null,"abstract":"Some blockchain networks employ a distributed consensus algorithm featuring\u0000Byzantine fault tolerance. Notably, certain public chains, such as Cosmos and\u0000Tezos, which operate on a proof-of-stake mechanism, have adopted this\u0000algorithm. While it is commonly assumed that these blockchains maintain a\u0000nearly constant block creation time, empirical analysis reveals fluctuations in\u0000this interval; this phenomenon has received limited attention. In this paper,\u0000we propose a mathematical model to account for the processes of block\u0000propagation and validation within Byzantine fault-tolerant consensus\u0000blockchains, aiming to theoretically analyze the probability distribution of\u0000block time. First, we propose stochastic processes governing the broadcasting\u0000communications among validator nodes. Consequently, we theoretically\u0000demonstrate that the probability distribution of broadcast time among validator\u0000nodes adheres to the Gumbel distribution. This finding indicates that the\u0000distribution of block time typically arises from convolving multiple Gumbel\u0000distributions. Additionally, we derive an approximate formula for the block\u0000time distribution suitable for data analysis purposes. By fitting this\u0000approximation to real-world block time data, we demonstrate the consistent\u0000estimation of block time distribution parameters.","PeriodicalId":501065,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141739013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measuring dynamical phase transitions in time series 测量时间序列中的动态相变

arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability Pub Date : 2024-07-18 DOI: arxiv-2407.13452

Bulcsú Sándor, András Rusu, Károly Dénes, Mária Ercsey-Ravasz, Zsolt I. Lázár

引用次数: 0

False positives for gravitational lensing: the gravitational-wave perspective 引力透镜的假阳性：引力波视角

arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability Pub Date : 2024-07-17 DOI: arxiv-2407.12974

David Keitel

{"title":"False positives for gravitational lensing: the gravitational-wave perspective","authors":"David Keitel","doi":"arxiv-2407.12974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2407.12974","url":null,"abstract":"For the first detection of a novel astrophysical phenomenon, scientific\u0000standards are particularly high. Especially in a multi-messenger context, there\u0000are also opportunity costs to follow-up observations on any detection claims.\u0000So in searching for the still elusive lensed gravitational waves, care needs to\u0000be taken in controlling false positives. In particular, many methods for\u0000identifying strong lensing rely on some form of parameter similarity or\u0000waveform consistency, which under rapidly growing catalog sizes can expose them\u0000to false positives from coincident but unlensed events if proper care is not\u0000taken. And searches for waveform deformations in all lensing regimes are\u0000subject to degeneracies we need to mitigate between lensing, intrinsic\u0000parameters, insufficiently modelled effects such as orbital eccentricity, or\u0000even deviations from general relativity. Robust lensing studies also require\u0000understanding and mitigating glitches and non-stationarities in the detector\u0000data. This article reviews sources of possible false positives (and their flip\u0000side: false negatives) in gravitational-wave lensing searches and the main\u0000approaches the community is pursuing to mitigate them.","PeriodicalId":501065,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141739015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0