Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Impact of emergency physician performed ultrasound in the evaluation of adult patients with acute abdominal pain: a prospective randomized bicentric trial","authors":"François Brau, Mathilde Papin, Eric Batard, Emeric Abet, Eric Frampas, Aurélie Le Thuaut, Emmanuel Montassier, Quentin Le Bastard, Philippe Le Conte","doi":"10.1186/s13049-024-01182-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-024-01182-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abdominal pain is common in patients visiting the emergency department (ED). The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic contribution of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) in patients presenting to the ED with acute abdominal pain. We designed an interventional randomized, controlled, open label, parallel-group, trial in two French EDs. We included adult patients presenting to the ED with acute abdominal pain. Exclusion criteria were a documented end-of-life, an immediate need of life-support therapy and pregnant or breast-feeding women. Patients were randomized in the experimental group (i.e., workup including POCUS) or control group (usual care). The primary objective of the study was to assess the added value of POCUS on diagnostic pathway in the ED, according to the diagnostic established a posteriori by an adjudication committee. The primary endpoint was the proportion of exact preliminary diagnosis between the 2 groups. The preliminary diagnosis made after clinical examination and biological results with POCUS (intervention arm) or without POCUS (usual care) was considered exact if it was similar to the adjudication committee diagnosis. Between June 2021 11th and June 2022 23th, 256 patients were randomized, but five were not included in the primary analysis, leaving 125 patients in the POCUS group and 126 patients in the usual care group (130 women and 121 men, median [Q1-Q3] age: 42 [30;57]). There was no difference for exact diagnosis between the two groups (POCUS 70/125, 56% versus control 78/126 (62%), RD 1.23 [95% CI 0.74–2.04]). There was no difference in the accuracy for the diagnosis of non-specific abdominal pain nor number of biological or radiological exams. Diagnostic delays and length of stay in the ED were also similar. In this trial, systematic POCUS did not improve the rate of diagnostic accuracy in unselected patients presenting to the ED with acute abdominal pain. However, as it was a safe procedure, further research should focus on patients with suspected etiologies where POCUS is particularly useful. Trial registration: This trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov on 2022/07/20 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04912206?id=NCT04912206&rank=1 ) (NCT04912206).","PeriodicalId":501057,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139968471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical features and outcomes of orthopaedic injuries after the kahramanmaraş earthquake: a retrospective study from a hospital located in the affected region","authors":"Murat Gök, Mehmet Ali Melik","doi":"10.1186/s13049-024-01181-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-024-01181-6","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this retrospective, single-institutional study was to report the clinical features and outcomes of orthopaedic injuries after the Kahramanmaraş earthquake. An institutional database review was conducted to evaluate the results of patients who applied to our hospital’s emergency department after the Kahramanmaraş earthquake. Trauma patients referred to orthopaedics and traumatology were identified. Patient records were checked for injury type, fracture site, treatment type (conservative or surgical), surgical technique, and outcome. Diagnosis with crush syndrome and the need for haemodialysis were also noted. Bedside fasciotomy was undertaken based on the urgency of the patient’s condition, number of patients and the availability of the operating theatre. A team consisting of a trauma surgeon, a plastic surgeon, a board-certified physician in infectious disease, a reanimation specialist, a general surgeon and a nephrologist followed up with the patients. Within the first 7 days following the earthquake, 265 patients were admitted to the emergency department, and 112 (42.2%) of them were referred to orthopaedics and traumatology. There were 32 (28.5%) patients diagnosed with acute compartment syndrome. Fasciotomy was performed on 43 extremities of 32 patients. Of these extremities, 5 (11.6%) were upper and 38 (88.4%) were lower extremities.The surgeries of 16 (50%) of the patients who underwent fasciotomy were performed in the emergency department. There was no significant difference in terms of complications and outcomes between performing the fasciotomy at the bedside or in the operating theatre (p = 0.456). Fasciotomy appears to be a crucial surgical procedure for the care of earthquake causalities. Fasciotomy can be safely performed as a bedside procedure based on the urgency of the patient’s condition as well as the availability of the operating theatre.","PeriodicalId":501057,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139580940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The SEE-IT Trial: emergency medical services Streaming Enabled Evaluation In Trauma: a feasibility randomised controlled trial","authors":"Cath Taylor, Lucie Ollis, Richard M. Lyon, Julia Williams, Simon S. Skene, Kate Bennett, Matthew Glover, Scott Munro, Craig Mortimer","doi":"10.1186/s13049-024-01179-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-024-01179-0","url":null,"abstract":"Use of bystander video livestreaming from scene to Emergency Medical Services (EMS) is becoming increasingly common to aid decision making about the resources required. Possible benefits include earlier, more appropriate dispatch and clinical and financial gains, but evidence is sparse. A feasibility randomised controlled trial with an embedded process evaluation and exploratory economic evaluation where working shifts during six trial weeks were randomised 1:1 to use video livestreaming during eligible trauma incidents (using GoodSAM Instant-On-Scene) or standard care only. Pre-defined progression criteria were: (1) ≥ 70% callers (bystanders) with smartphones agreeing and able to activate live stream; (2) ≥ 50% requests to activate resulting in footage being viewed; (3) Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) stand-down rate reducing by ≥ 10% as a result of live footage; (4) no evidence of psychological harm in callers or staff/dispatchers. Observational sub-studies included (i) an inner-city EMS who routinely use video livestreaming to explore acceptability in a diverse population; and (ii) staff wellbeing in an EMS not using video livestreaming for comparison to the trial site. Sixty-two shifts were randomised, including 240 incidents (132 control; 108 intervention). Livestreaming was successful in 53 incidents in the intervention arm. Patient recruitment (to determine appropriateness of dispatch), and caller recruitment (to measure potential harm) were low (58/269, 22% of patients; 4/244, 2% of callers). Two progression criteria were met: (1) 86% of callers with smartphones agreed and were able to activate livestreaming; (2) 85% of requests to activate livestreaming resulted in footage being obtained; and two were indeterminate due to insufficient data: (3) 2/6 (33%) HEMS stand down due to livestreaming; (4) no evidence of psychological harm from survey, observations or interviews, but insufficient survey data from callers or comparison EMS site to be confident. Language barriers and older age were reported in interviews as potential challenges to video livestreaming by dispatchers in the inner-city EMS. Progression to a definitive RCT is supported by these findings. Bystander video livestreaming from scene is feasible to implement, acceptable to both 999 callers and dispatchers, and may aid dispatch decision-making. Further assessment of unintended consequences, benefits and harm is required. Trial registration. ISRCTN 11449333 (22 March 2022). https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN11449333 ","PeriodicalId":501057,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139924399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe trauma associated cardiac failure","authors":"Maximilian Dietrich, Frank Weilbacher, Stephan Katzenschlager, Markus A. Weigand, Erik Popp","doi":"10.1186/s13049-024-01175-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-024-01175-4","url":null,"abstract":"Although significant efforts have been made to enhance trauma care, the mortality rate for traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) remains exceedingly high. Therefore, our institution has implemented special measures to optimize the treatment of major trauma patients. These measures include a prehospital Medical Intervention Car (MIC) and a ‘code red’ protocol in the trauma resuscitation room for patients with TCA or shock. These measures enable the early treatment of reversible causes of TCA and have resulted in a significant number of patients achieving adequate ROSC. However, a significant proportion of these patients still die due to circulatory failure shortly after. Our observations from patients who underwent clamshell thoracotomy or received echocardiographic evaluation in conjunction with current scientific findings led us to conclude that dysfunction of the heart itself may be the cause. Therefore, we propose discussing severe trauma-associated cardiac failure (STAC) as a new entity to facilitate scientific research and the development of specific treatment strategies, with the aim of improving the outcome of severe trauma.","PeriodicalId":501057,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139516422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paediatric cardiac arrest prognostication in the context of a HEMS service","authors":"Benjamin Stretch","doi":"10.1186/s13049-024-01174-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-024-01174-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many thanks to Fuchs et al. for publishing their retrospective study looking at neurological outcome following out of hospital paediatric cardiac arrest, which showed a high rate of positive neurological outcome (19%) [1].</p><p>Firstly, when looking at prognostic factors, I believe traumatic and non-traumatic cardiac arrest should be analysed separately. This is emphasised by the significant difference in survival shown in this study (OR 11.07), a different treatment algorithm recommended by the European Resuscitation Council and a focus on different reversible causes [2]. For example, there is some debate over the role of chest compressions in traumatic cardiac arrest– bystander CPR and adrenaline may have limited prognostic value in the context of severe hypovolaemia, tension pneumothorax or cardiac tamponade. As a result, we may find that the positive neurological predictors in trauma may differ to those identified overall in this study.</p><p>This study is a cohort of HEMS patients resulting in a higher number of traumatic cardiac arrests in rural locations which is not representative of all cause paediatric arrests. As expected, a key predictor of neurological outcome seems to be time. Both direct measures (response time / time to BLS &gt; 2 min) and indirect measures (ongoing CPR at HEMS arrival / adrenaline doses) of low-flow and no-flow time seem to correlate closely with neurological outcome. This study raises the question of the exact role of HEMS in the management of cardiac arrest, where early basic intervention rather than complex advanced treatments deliver the best prognostic value. HEMS teams can deliver advanced interventions which may be of additional value optimising physiology after return of spontaneous circulation. Different interventions are required in traumatic cardiac arrest which may be beyond the scope of paramedic teams. In some systems, there may also be a time advantage– both in delivering care to the patient (for example in rural areas) and delivering the patient to definitive care.</p><p>It is important to emphasize that early bystander CPR was an important prognostic factor, with 33% of patients in this study not receiving this. This is an excellent reminder of the importance of education, particularly in the context of paediatrics. An example of this includes the Resuscitation Council United Kingdom’s ‘Aaron’s Heart’ - a free educational book on paediatric resuscitation, produced in response to a survey showing that only 15% parents would recognise if their child was in cardiac arrest [3]. </p><p>No data presented.</p><ol data-track-component=\"outbound reference\"><li data-counter=\"1.\"><p>Fuchs A, Bockemuehl D, Jegerlehner S, et al. Favourable neurological outcome following paediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a retrospective observational study. Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med. 2023;31:106.</p><p>Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar </p></li><li data-counter=\"2.\"><p>Lott C, Truhlar A, Alfonzo A","PeriodicalId":501057,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139516590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the effects of frailty on six-month outcomes in older trauma patients admitted to UK major trauma centres: a multi-centre follow up study","authors":"Elaine Cole, Robert Crouch, Mark Baxter, Chao Wang, Dhanupriya Sivapathasuntharam, George Peck, Cara Jennings, Heather Jarman","doi":"10.1186/s13049-023-01169-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-023-01169-8","url":null,"abstract":"Pre-injury frailty is associated with adverse in-hospital outcomes in older trauma patients, but the association with longer term survival and recovery is unclear. We aimed to investigate post discharge survival and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older frail patients at six months after Major Trauma Centre (MTC) admission. This was a multi-centre study of patients aged ≥ 65 years admitted to five MTCs. Data were collected via questionnaire at hospital discharge and six months later. The primary outcome was patient-reported HRQoL at follow up using Euroqol EQ5D-5 L visual analogue scale (VAS). Secondary outcomes included health status according to EQ5D dimensions and care requirements at follow up. Multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between predictor variables and EQ-5D-5 L VAS at follow up. Fifty-four patients died in the follow up period, of which two-third (64%) had been categorised as frail pre-injury, compared to 21 (16%) of the 133 survivors. There was no difference in self-reported HRQoL between frail and not-frail patients at discharge (Mean EQ-VAS: Frail 55.8 vs. Not-frail 64.1, p = 0.137) however at follow-up HRQoL had improved for the not-frail group but deteriorated for frail patients (Mean EQ-VAS: Frail: 50.0 vs. Not-frail: 65.8, p = 0.009). There was a two-fold increase in poor quality of life at six months (VAS ≤ 50) for frail patients (Frail: 65% vs. Not-frail: 30% p < 0.009). Frailty (β-13.741 [95% CI -25.377, 2.105], p = 0.02), increased age (β -1.064 [95% CI [-1.705, -0.423] p = 0.00) and non-home discharge (β -12.017 [95% CI [118.403, 207.203], p = 0.04) were associated with worse HRQoL at follow up. Requirements for professional carers increased five-fold in frail patients at follow-up (Frail: 25% vs. Not-frail: 4%, p = 0.01). Frailty is associated with increased mortality post trauma discharge and frail older trauma survivors had worse HRQoL and increased care needs at six months post-discharge. Pre-injury frailty is a predictor of poor longer-term HRQoL after trauma and recognition should enable early specialist pathways and discharge planning.","PeriodicalId":501057,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139094008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Favourable neurological outcome following paediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a retrospective observational study","authors":"Alexander Fuchs, Deliah Bockemuehl, Sabrina Jegerlehner, Christian P. Both, Evelien Cools, Thomas Riva, Roland Albrecht, Robert Greif, Martin Mueller, Urs Pietsch","doi":"10.1186/s13049-023-01165-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-023-01165-y","url":null,"abstract":"Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in children is rare and can potentially result in severe neurological impairment. Our study aimed to identify characteristics of and factors associated with favourable neurological outcome following the resuscitation of children by the Swiss helicopter emergency medical service. This retrospective observational study screened the Swiss Air-Ambulance electronic database from 01-01-2011 to 31-12-2021. We included all primary missions for patients ≤ 16 years with OHCA. The primary outcome was favourable neurological outcome after 30 days (cerebral performance categories (CPC) 1 and 2). Multivariable linear regression identified potential factors associated with favourable outcome (odd ratio – OR). Having screened 110,331 missions, we identified 296 children with OHCA, which we included in the analysis. Patients were 5.0 [1.0; 12.0] years old and 61.5% (n = 182) male. More than two-thirds had a non-traumatic OHCA (67.2%, n = 199), while 32.8% (n = 97) had a traumatic OHCA. Thirty days after the event, 24.0% (n = 71) of patients were alive, 18.9% (n = 56) with a favourable neurological outcome (CPC 1 n = 46, CPC 2 n = 10). Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (OR 10.34; 95%CI 2.29–51.42; p = 0.002) and non-traumatic aetiology (OR 11.07 2.38–51.42; p = 0.002) were the factors most strongly associated with favourable outcome. Factors associated with an unfavourable neurological outcome were initial asystole (OR 0.12; 95%CI 0.04–0.39; p < 0.001), administration of adrenaline (OR 0.14; 95%CI 0.05–0.39; p < 0.001) and ongoing chest compression at HEMS arrival (OR 0.17; 95%CI 0.04–0.65; p = 0.010). In this study, 18.9% of paediatric OHCA patients survived with a favourable neurologic outcome 30 days after treatment by the Swiss helicopter emergency medical service. Immediate bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and non-traumatic OHCA aetiology were the factors most strongly associated with a favourable neurological outcome. These results underline the importance of effective bystander and first-responder rescue as the foundation for subsequent professional treatment of children in cardiac arrest.","PeriodicalId":501057,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138823770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated and app-based activation of first responders for prehospital cardiac arrest: an analysis of 16.500 activations of the KATRETTER system in Berlin","authors":"C. Pommerenke, S. Poloczek, F. Breuer, J. Wolff, J. Dahmen","doi":"10.1186/s13049-023-01152-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-023-01152-3","url":null,"abstract":"Bystander CPR is one of the main independent factors contributing to better survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Simultaneously, the rate of bystander CPR in Germany is below the European average. First responder applications (apps) contribute to reducing the time period without CPR (no-flow time) until professional help can arrive on-scene. The KATRETTER app was introduced in Berlin as one of the first apps in Europe which do not require any medical qualifications to register as a first responder. The activation of volunteer first responders for suspected cardiac arrest cases through the Berlin Emergency Medical Services integrated control center was evaluated based on data collected between 16 Oct 2020 and 16 Oct 2022. Our descriptive analysis includes the number of registered first responders, number of activations, the number and percentages of accepted activations, as well as all reports where first responders arrived at the scene. As of 15 Oct 2022, a total of 10,102 first responders were registered in the state of Berlin. During this specified period, there were 16.505 activations of the system for suspected out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. In 38.4% of the accepted cases, first responders documented patient contact, and in 34.6% of cases with patient contact, CPR was performed. Only 2% of registered first responders did not have any medical qualifications. Smartphone-based first responder applications should not be understood as a means of alerting professional help, but rather like a digitally amplified “call for help” in the vicinity of an emergency location. A large number of first responders can be recruited within 24 months, without large-scale public relations work necessary. No qualifications were required to become a first responder, contributing to a low-threshold registration process with the effect of a more widespread distribution of the app and cost reduction during implementation.","PeriodicalId":501057,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138820502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical hypertension in trauma patients following prehospital emergency anaesthesia: a multi-centre retrospective observational study","authors":"Liam Sagi, James Price, Kate Lachowycz, Zachary Starr, Rob Major, Chris Keeliher, Benjamin Finbow, Sarah McLachlan, Lyle Moncur, Alistair Steel, Peter B. Sherren, Ed B G Barnard","doi":"10.1186/s13049-023-01167-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-023-01167-w","url":null,"abstract":"Critical hypertension in major trauma patients is associated with increased mortality. Prehospital emergency anaesthesia (PHEA) is performed for 10% of the most seriously injured patients. Optimising oxygenation, ventilation, and cerebral perfusion, whilst avoiding extreme haemodynamic fluctuations are the cornerstones of reducing secondary brain injury. The aim of this study was to report the differential determinants of post-PHEA critical hypertension in a large regional dataset of trauma patients across three Helicopter Emergency Medical Service (HEMS) organisations. A multi-centre retrospective observational study of consecutive adult trauma patients undergoing PHEA across three HEMS in the United Kingdom; 2015–2022. Critical hypertension was defined as a new systolic blood pressure (SBP) > 180mmHg within 10 min of induction of anaesthesia, or > 10% increase if the baseline SBP was > 180mmHg prior to induction. Purposeful logistical regression was used to explore variables associated with post-PHEA critical hypertension in a multivariable model. Data are reported as number (percentage), and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI). 30,744 patients were attended by HEMS during the study period; 2161 received PHEA and 1355 patients were included in the final analysis. 161 (11.9%) patients had one or more new episode(s) of critical hypertension ≤ 10 min post-PHEA. Increasing age (compared with 16–34 years): 35–54 years (OR 1.76, 95%CI 1.03–3.06); 55–74 years (OR 2.00, 95%CI 1.19–3.44); ≥75 years (OR 2.38, 95%CI 1.31–4.35), pre-PHEA Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) motor score four (OR 2.17, 95%CI 1.19–4.01) and five (OR 2.82, 95%CI 1.60–7.09), patients with a pre-PHEA SBP > 140mmHg (OR 6.72, 95%CI 4.38–10.54), and more than one intubation attempt (OR 1.75, 95%CI 1.01–2.96) were associated with post-PHEA critical hypertension. Delivery of PHEA to seriously injured trauma patients risks haemodynamic fluctuation. In adult trauma patients undergoing PHEA, 11.9% of patients experienced post-PHEA critical hypertension. Increasing age, pre-PHEA GCS motor score four and five, patients with a pre-PHEA SBP > 140mmHg, and more than intubation attempt were independently associated with post-PHEA critical hypertension.","PeriodicalId":501057,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138820507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prehospital blood gas analyses in acute patients treated by a ground-based physician-manned emergency unit: a cohort study","authors":"Louise Houlberg Walther, Annmarie Touborg Lassen, Christian Backer Mogensen, Erika Frischknecht Christensen, Søren Mikkelsen","doi":"10.1186/s13049-023-01170-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-023-01170-1","url":null,"abstract":"The prehospital patients treated by ambulances and mobile emergency care units (MECU) are potentially critically ill or injured. Knowing the risks of serious outcomes in these patients is important for guiding their treatment. Some settings allow for prehospital arterial blood gas analyses. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of prehospital patients in relation to their prehospitally measured lactate, pH, and CO2 levels. The primary outcome was 7-day mortality. This register-based cohort study included patients with one or more prehospital blood gas analyses during their prehospital treatment by a physician-manned MECU, from January 2015 to December 2018. The blood samples were analyzed on an ABL90 Flex analyzer. Absolute values with percentages and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for the primary and secondary outcomes within prespecified subgroups. The study included 745 patients, with an overall 7-day mortality rate of 20.0%. The 7-day mortality rates were 11.5% in patients with normal lactate levels (< 2.0 mmol/L), 14.4% with intermediate lactate levels (2.0–3.9 mmol/L), and 33.0% with high lactate levels (≥ 4.0 mmol/L). This corresponded to an OR of 1.30 (95% CI: 0.75–2.24) in the intermediate lactate group (2.0–3.9 mmol/L) and an OR of 3.77 (95% CI: 2.44–5.85) in the high lactate group (≥ 4.0 mmol/L), compared to the reference group with normal lactate. The ORs of 7-day mortality rates were 4.82 (95% CI: 3.00–7.75) in patients with blood pH of < 7.35 and 1.33 (95% CI: 0.65–2.72) in patients with blood pH > 7.45, compared to the reference group with normal pH (7.35–7.45). The ORs of 7-day mortality rates were 2.54 (95% CI: 1.45–4.46) in patients with blood CO2 of < 4.3 kPa and 2.62 (95% CI: 1.70–4.03) in patients with blood CO2 > 6.0 kPa, compared to the reference group with normal CO2 (4.3–6.0 kPa). This study found a strong correlation between increasing 7-day mortality rates and high blood lactate levels, low levels of pH, and abnormal CO2 blood levels, in prehospital patients undergoing prehospital blood analysis.","PeriodicalId":501057,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138743063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}