arXiv - PHYS - Physics and Society最新文献

Continuity equation and fundamental diagram of pedestrians 行人的连续性方程和基本图示

arXiv - PHYS - Physics and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: arxiv-2409.11857

Juliane Adrian, Ann Katrin Boomers, Sarah Paetzke, Armin Seyfried

{"title":"Continuity equation and fundamental diagram of pedestrians","authors":"Juliane Adrian, Ann Katrin Boomers, Sarah Paetzke, Armin Seyfried","doi":"arxiv-2409.11857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.11857","url":null,"abstract":"Since the beginning of the century, capturing trajectories of pedestrian\u0000streams precisely from video recordings has been possible. To enable\u0000measurements at high density, the heads of the pedestrians are marked and\u0000tracked, thus providing a complete representation of the phase space. However,\u0000classical definitions and local measurements of flow, density, and velocity of\u0000pedestrian streams using trajectories are based on different segments in phase\u0000space (Lagrangian representation). The flow is defined as an average value over\u0000time, while the density is defined as the average value of an area. This leads\u0000to inconsistencies in central relations, such as the flow equation or the\u0000fundamental diagram. These have a particular effect in inhomogeneous states,\u0000such as the stop-and-go waves, where, in addition, the pedestrians do not\u0000change their position in the stop phase, but the head of the body moves. In\u0000order to obtain a local and spatio-temporally consistent measurement of the\u0000quantities flow, density, and velocity while ensuring particle number\u0000conservation fields (Euler representation) and the continuity equation could be\u0000used. To map trajectories of pedestrians heads parameter free and unambiguously\u0000to fields, this article introduces a method based on the Voronoi decomposition.\u0000These new definitions of flow, density, speed, and the particle number\u0000conserving flow equation are consistent with classical measurements. They are\u0000able to scrutinise inconsistencies in the state of the art of pedestrian\u0000fundamental diagrams.","PeriodicalId":501043,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Physics and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142249640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantifying the role of supernatural entities and the effect of missing data in Irish sagas 量化爱尔兰传奇中超自然实体的作用和缺失数据的影响

arXiv - PHYS - Physics and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: arxiv-2409.12071

P. MacCarron

引用次数: 0

Crossing the disciplines -- a starter toolkit for researchers who wish to explore early Irish literature 跨越学科--希望探索爱尔兰早期文学的研究人员的入门工具包

arXiv - PHYS - Physics and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: arxiv-2409.11858

M. McCarthy, D. P. Curley

{"title":"Crossing the disciplines -- a starter toolkit for researchers who wish to explore early Irish literature","authors":"M. McCarthy, D. P. Curley","doi":"arxiv-2409.11858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.11858","url":null,"abstract":"The inspiration behind this paper came from both authors' long-term\u0000collaboration with our friend and colleague, Professor Ralph Kenna. This\u0000connection emerged initially through his interest in Rathcroghan and in our\u0000paper, `Exploring the Nature of the Fr'aoch Saga', which we concluded with the\u0000statement that we believed it `presents a case that will hopefully ignite\u0000conversation between disciplines'. This led us to consider the potential value\u0000for researchers of compiling a template list of useful and reliable sources and\u0000resources to consult, in other words a type of starter toolkit or guide for any\u0000individual from an alternative discipline or background, who might possess, or,\u0000in time, develop a personal or professional interest in Early Ireland and Early\u0000Irish literature. In doing this, we decided for ease of illustration, to take\u0000the example of the location name Rathcroghan/Cruachan A'i, (the prehistoric\u0000Royal Site of Connacht in the west of Ireland and the place that we both work\u0000in and interact with on a daily basis), as a case study in order to demonstrate\u0000an initial methodological approach to not only the types of resources and\u0000information available, but also to highlight some potential pitfalls that may\u0000arise in the course of an investigation.","PeriodicalId":501043,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Physics and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142249688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anomalous behavior of Replicator dynamics for the Prisoner's Dilemma on diluted lattices 稀释网格上囚徒困境的复制器动力学反常行为

arXiv - PHYS - Physics and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: arxiv-2409.11955

Fernanda R. Leivas, Heitor C. M. Fernandes, Mendeli H. Vaintein

引用次数: 0

Female representation across mythologies 神话中的女性形象

arXiv - PHYS - Physics and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: arxiv-2409.11482

M. Janickyj, P. MacCarron, J. Yose, R. Kenna

引用次数: 0

Normalization in Proportional Feature Spaces 比例特征空间中的归一化

arXiv - PHYS - Physics and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: arxiv-2409.11389

Alexandre Benatti, Luciano da F. Costa

{"title":"Normalization in Proportional Feature Spaces","authors":"Alexandre Benatti, Luciano da F. Costa","doi":"arxiv-2409.11389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.11389","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of features normalization plays an important central role in data\u0000representation, characterization, visualization, analysis, comparison,\u0000classification, and modeling, as it can substantially influence and be\u0000influenced by all of these activities and respective aspects. The selection of\u0000an appropriate normalization method needs to take into account the type and\u0000characteristics of the involved features, the methods to be used subsequently\u0000for the just mentioned data processing, as well as the specific questions being\u0000considered. After briefly considering how normalization constitutes one of the\u0000many interrelated parts typically involved in data analysis and modeling, the\u0000present work addressed the important issue of feature normalization from the\u0000perspective of uniform and proportional (right skewed) features and comparison\u0000operations. More general right skewed features are also considered in an\u0000approximated manner. Several concepts, properties, and results are described\u0000and discussed, including the description of a duality relationship between\u0000uniform and proportional feature spaces and respective comparisons, specifying\u0000conditions for consistency between comparisons in each of the two domains. Two\u0000normalization possibilities based on non-centralized dispersion of features are\u0000also presented, and also described is a modified version of the Jaccard\u0000similarity index which incorporates intrinsically normalization. Preliminary\u0000experiments are presented in order to illustrate the developed concepts and\u0000methods.","PeriodicalId":501043,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Physics and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142249642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unveiling the Social Fabric: A Temporal, Nation-Scale Social Network and its Characteristics 揭开社会结构的面纱：国家规模的时态社会网络及其特征

arXiv - PHYS - Physics and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: arxiv-2409.11099

Jolien Cremers, Benjamin Kohler, Benjamin Frank Maier, Stine Nymann Eriksen, Johanna Einsiedler, Frederik Kølby Christensen, Sune Lehmann, David Dreyer Lassen, Laust Hvas Mortensen, Andreas Bjerre-Nielsen

{"title":"Unveiling the Social Fabric: A Temporal, Nation-Scale Social Network and its Characteristics","authors":"Jolien Cremers, Benjamin Kohler, Benjamin Frank Maier, Stine Nymann Eriksen, Johanna Einsiedler, Frederik Kølby Christensen, Sune Lehmann, David Dreyer Lassen, Laust Hvas Mortensen, Andreas Bjerre-Nielsen","doi":"arxiv-2409.11099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.11099","url":null,"abstract":"Social networks shape individuals' lives, influencing everything from career\u0000paths to health. This paper presents a registry-based, multi-layer and temporal\u0000network of the entire Danish population in the years 2008-2021 (roughly 7.2\u0000mill. individuals). Our network maps the relationships formed through family,\u0000households, neighborhoods, colleagues and classmates. We outline key properties\u0000of this multiplex network, introducing both an individual-focused perspective\u0000as well as a bipartite representation. We show how to aggregate and combine the\u0000layers, and how to efficiently compute network measures such as shortest paths\u0000in large administrative networks. Our analysis reveals how past connections\u0000reappear later in other layers, that the number of relationships aggregated\u0000over time reflects the position in the income distribution, and that we can\u0000recover canonical shortest path length distributions when appropriately\u0000weighting connections. Along with the network data, we release a Python package\u0000that uses the bipartite network representation for efficient analysis.","PeriodicalId":501043,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Physics and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142249643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tracking the spatial dynamics of the synthetic opioid crisis in the USA, 2013-2020 using human mobility-based graph neural network 利用基于人类流动性的图神经网络跟踪 2013-2020 年美国合成阿片类药物危机的空间动态

arXiv - PHYS - Physics and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: arxiv-2409.09945

Zhiyue Xia, Kathleen Stewart

引用次数: 0

Social Influence and Consensus Building: Introducing a q-Voter Model with Weighted Influence 社会影响与达成共识：引入具有加权影响力的 q-Voter 模型

arXiv - PHYS - Physics and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-15 DOI: arxiv-2409.09817

Pratik Mullick, Parongama Sen

{"title":"Social Influence and Consensus Building: Introducing a q-Voter Model with Weighted Influence","authors":"Pratik Mullick, Parongama Sen","doi":"arxiv-2409.09817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09817","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate a dynamical model of opinion formation in which an\u0000individual's opinion is influenced by interactions with a group of other\u0000agents. We introduce a bias towards one of the opinions in a manner not\u0000considered earlier to the best of our knowledge. When the bias is neutral, the\u0000model is reduced to a mean-field voter model. We analyze the behavior and\u0000steady states of the system, identifying three distinct regimes based on the\u0000bias level: one favoring negative opinions, one favoring positive opinions, and\u0000a neutral case. In large systems, the equilibrium properties become independent\u0000of the size of the group, indicating that only the bias influences the final\u0000outcome. However, for small groups, the time to reach equilibrium depends on\u0000the size of the group. Our results show that even a small initial bias leads to\u0000a consensus where all agents eventually share the same opinion when the bias is\u0000not neutral. The system exhibits universal behavior, with critical slowing down\u0000occurring near the neutral bias point, marking it as a critical dynamical\u0000threshold. The time required to reach consensus scales logarithmically when the\u0000bias is non-neutral and linearly when it is neutral. Although short-term\u0000dynamics depends on group size for small groups, long-term behavior is governed\u0000solely by the bias.","PeriodicalId":501043,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Physics and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142249644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stark Decline in Journalists' Use of Preprints Post-pandemic 大流行后记者对预印本的使用明显减少

arXiv - PHYS - Physics and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: arxiv-2409.08473

Juan Pablo Alperin, Kenneth Shores, Alice Fleerackers, Natascha Chtena

引用次数: 0