Critical AI Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1215/2834703x-10734066

Nicolas Malevé, Katrina Sluis

{"title":"The Photographic Pipeline of Machine Vision; or, Machine Vision's Latent Photographic Theory","authors":"Nicolas Malevé, Katrina Sluis","doi":"10.1215/2834703x-10734066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/2834703x-10734066","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Despite computer vision's extensive mobilization of cameras, photographers, and viewing subjects, photography's place in machine vision remains undertheorized. This article illuminates an operative theory of photography that exists in a latent form, embedded in the tools, practices, and discourses of machine vision research and enabling the methodological imperatives of dataset production. Focusing on the development of the canonical object recognition dataset ImageNet, the article analyzes how the dataset pipeline translates the radical polysemy of the photographic image into a stable and transparent form of data that can be portrayed as a proxy of human vision. Reflecting on the prominence of the photographic snapshot in machine vision discourse, the article traces the path that made this popular cultural practice amenable to the dataset. Following the evolution from nineteenth-century scientific photography to the acquisition of massive sets of online photos, the article shows how dataset creators inherit and transform a form of “instrumental realism,” a photographic enterprise that aims to establish a generalized look from contingent instances in the pursuit of statistical truth. The article concludes with a reflection on how the latent photographic theory of machine vision we have advanced relates to the large image models built for generative AI today.","PeriodicalId":500906,"journal":{"name":"Critical AI","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135457650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Viral Justice: How We Grow the World We Want 病毒式正义:我们如何发展我们想要的世界

Critical AI Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1215/2834703x-10734977

Josh Simons, Eli Frankel

引用次数: 9

Scrapism: A Manifesto Scrapism:一个宣言

Critical AI Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1215/2834703x-10734046

Sam Lavigne

引用次数: 0

The Shame Machine: Who Profits in the New Age of Humiliation 耻辱机器:谁在耻辱的新时代获利

Critical AI Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1215/2834703x-10734086

Heather Love

引用次数: 1

Discriminating Data: Correlation, Neighborhoods, and the New Politics of Recognition 辨别性数据:相关性、邻域和新认知政治

Critical AI Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1215/2834703x-10734106

James Smithies

引用次数: 13

Technology of the Oppressed: Inequity and the Digital Mundane in Favelas in Brazil 被压迫者的技术:巴西贫民窟的不平等和数字世俗

Critical AI Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1215/2834703x-10734116

France Winddance Twine

引用次数: 3

How to Make “AI” Intelligent; or, The Question of Epistemic Equality 如何让“人工智能”智能化或者《认识平等问题

Critical AI Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1215/2834703x-10734076

Christopher Newfield

{"title":"How to Make “AI” Intelligent; or, The Question of Epistemic Equality","authors":"Christopher Newfield","doi":"10.1215/2834703x-10734076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/2834703x-10734076","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Critics have identified a set of operational flaws in the machine language and deep learning systems now discussed under the “AI” banner. Five of the most discussed are social biases, particularly racism; opacity, such that users cannot assess how results were generated; coercion, in that architectures, datasets, algorithms, and the like are controlled by designers and platforms rather than users; systemic privacy violations; and the absence of academic freedom covering corporation-based research, such that results can be hyped in accordance with business objectives or suppressed and distorted if not. This article focuses on a sixth problem with AI, which is that the term intelligence misstates the actual status and effects of the technologies in question. To help fill the gap in rigorous uses of “intelligence” in public discussion, it analyzes Brian Cantwell Smith's The Promise of Artificial Intelligence (2019), noting humanities disciplines routinely operate with Smith's demanding notion of “genuine intelligence.” To get this notion into circulation among technologists, the article calls for replacement of the Two Cultures hierarchy codified by C. P. Snow in the 1950s with a system in which humanities scholars participate from the start in the construction and evaluation of “AI” research programs on a basis of epistemic equality between qualitative and quantitative disciplines.","PeriodicalId":500906,"journal":{"name":"Critical AI","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135457798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resisting AI: An Anti-fascist Approach to Artificial Intelligence 抵制人工智能:人工智能的反法西斯方法

Critical AI Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1215/2834703x-10734967

David Golumbia

引用次数: 11

Data Worlds: An Introduction 数据世界:导论

Critical AI Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1215/2834703x-10734026

Katherine Bode, Lauren M. E. Goodlad

引用次数: 0

Artificial Life after Frankenstein 弗兰肯斯坦之后的人工生命

Critical AI Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1215/2834703x-10734096

Seth Perlow

引用次数: 0

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