Journal of Physiology-London最新文献

{"title":"Contribution of vascular endothelium to the regeneration of neuromuscular junctions after degenerative injury to adult skeletal muscle.","authors":"Joe V Chakkalakal","doi":"10.1113/JP287384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/JP287384","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiology-London","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The yellow brick road to understanding the RyR2 signalosome.","authors":"Shanna Hamilton, Dmitry Terentyev","doi":"10.1113/JP287538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/JP287538","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiology-London","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of ganglionic plexi neurons in atrial fibrillation following spinal cord injury.","authors":"Clea Baylis, Pierre-Olivier Gauthier, Joseph Grotsky","doi":"10.1113/JP287362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/JP287362","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiology-London","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of central α₂-adrenergic activity in sympathetic outflow: a potential intervention to ease the mind (and body)?","authors":"Miguel Anselmo, Chowdhury Tasnova Tahsin, Jeremy A Bigalke","doi":"10.1113/JP287410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/JP287410","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiology-London","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in intra- and interlimb reflexes from forelimb cutaneous afferents after staggered thoracic lateral hemisections during locomotion in cats.","authors":"Stephen Mari, Charly G Lecomte, Angèle N Merlet, Johannie Audet, Sirine Yassine, Rasha Al Arab, Jonathan Harnie, Ilya A Rybak, Boris I Prilutsky, Alain Frigon","doi":"10.1113/JP286808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/JP286808","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In quadrupeds, such as cats, cutaneous afferents from the forepaw dorsum signal external perturbations and send inputs to spinal circuits to co-ordinate the activity in muscles of all four limbs. How these cutaneous reflex pathways from forelimb afferents are reorganized after an incomplete spinal cord injury is not clear. Using a staggered thoracic lateral hemisections paradigm, we investigated changes in intralimb and interlimb reflex pathways by electrically stimulating the left and right superficial radial nerves in seven adult cats and recording reflex responses in five forelimb and ten hindlimb muscles. After the first (right T5-T6) and second (left T10-T11) hemisections, forelimb-hindlimb co-ordination was altered and weakened. After the second hemisection, cats required balance assistance to perform quadrupedal locomotion. Short-, mid- and long-latency homonymous and crossed reflex responses in forelimb muscles and their phase modulation remained largely unaffected after staggered hemisections. The occurrence of homolateral and diagonal mid- and long-latency responses in hindlimb muscles evoked with left and right superficial radial nerve stimulation was significantly reduced at the first time point after the first hemisection, but partially recovered at the second time point with left superficial radial nerve stimulation. These responses were lost or reduced after the second hemisection. When present, all reflex responses, including homolateral and diagonal, maintained their phase-dependent modulation. Therefore, our results show a considerable loss in cutaneous reflex transmission from cervical to lumbar levels after incomplete spinal cord injury, albeit with preservation of phase modulation, probably affecting functional responses to external perturbations. KEY POINTS: Cutaneous afferent inputs co-ordinate muscle activity in the four limbs during locomotion when the forepaw dorsum contacts an obstacle. Thoracic spinal cord injury disrupts communication between spinal locomotor centres located at cervical and lumbar levels, impairing balance and limb co-ordination. We investigated cutaneous reflexes from forelimb afferents during quadrupedal locomotion by electrically stimulating the superficial radial nerve bilaterally, before and after staggered lateral thoracic hemisections in cats. We showed a loss/reduction of mid- and long-latency homolateral and diagonal reflex responses in hindlimb muscles early after the first hemisection that partially recovered with left superficial radial nerve stimulation, before being reduced after the second hemisection. Targeting cutaneous reflex pathways from forelimb afferents projecting to the four limbs could help develop therapeutic approaches aimed at restoring transmission in ascending and descending spinal pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":50088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiology-London","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling sex differences in skeletal muscle metabolism: the role of HIF1α in normoxia.","authors":"Ashlyn Ro, Dorota Kaminska","doi":"10.1113/JP287250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/JP287250","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiology-London","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurocardiology: translational advancements and potential.","authors":"N Herring, O A Ajijola, R D Foreman, A V Gourine, A L Green, J Osborn, D J Paterson, J F R Paton, C M Ripplinger, C Smith, T L Vrabec, H J Wang, I H Zucker, J L Ardell","doi":"10.1113/JP284740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/JP284740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In our original white paper published in the The Journal of Physiology in 2016, we set out our knowledge of the structural and functional organization of cardiac autonomic control, how it remodels during disease, and approaches to exploit such knowledge for autonomic regulation therapy. The aim of this update is to build on this original blueprint, highlighting the significant progress which has been made in the field since and major challenges and opportunities that exist with regard to translation. Imbalances in autonomic responses, while beneficial in the short term, ultimately contribute to the evolution of cardiac pathology. As our understanding emerges of where and how to target in terms of actuators (including the heart and intracardiac nervous system (ICNS), stellate ganglia, dorsal root ganglia (DRG), vagus nerve, brainstem, and even higher centres), there is also a need to develop sensor technology to respond to appropriate biomarkers (electrophysiological, mechanical, and molecular) such that closed-loop autonomic regulation therapies can evolve. The goal is to work with endogenous control systems, rather than in opposition to them, to improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiology-London","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direction from the wanderer: insight into cardiac neural control from single axons within the vagus nerve.","authors":"Varun Malik","doi":"10.1113/JP287381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/JP287381","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiology-London","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The upregulation of K⁺ and HCN channels in developing spiral ganglion neurons is mediated by cochlear inner hair cells.","authors":"Linus J Conrad, Fiorella C Grandi, Adam J Carlton, Jing-Yi Jeng, Lara de Tomasi, Patryk Zarecki, Walter Marcotti, Stuart L Johnson, Mirna Mustapha","doi":"10.1113/JP286134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/JP286134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) are primary sensory afferent neurons that relay acoustic information from the cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) to the brainstem. The response properties of different SGNs diverge to represent a wide range of sound intensities in an action-potential code. This biophysical heterogeneity is established during pre-hearing stages of development, a time when IHCs fire spontaneous Ca²⁺ action potentials that drive glutamate release from their ribbon synapses onto the SGN terminals. The role of spontaneous IHC activity in the refinement of SGN characteristics is still largely unknown. Using pre-hearing otoferlin knockout mice (Otof^-/-), in which Ca²⁺-dependent exocytosis in IHCs is abolished, we found that developing SGNs fail to upregulate low-voltage-activated K⁺-channels and hyperpolarisation-activated cyclic-nucleotide-gated channels. This delayed maturation resulted in hyperexcitable SGNs with immature firing characteristics. We have also shown that SGNs that synapse with the pillar side of the IHCs selectively express a resurgent K⁺ current, highlighting a novel biophysical marker for these neurons. RNA-sequencing showed that several K⁺ channels are downregulated in Otof^-/- mice, further supporting the electrophysiological recordings. Our data demonstrate that spontaneous Ca²⁺-dependent activity in pre-hearing IHCs regulates some of the key biophysical and molecular features of the developing SGNs. KEY POINTS: Ca²⁺-dependent exocytosis in inner hair cells (IHCs) is otoferlin-dependent as early as postnatal day 1. A lack of otoferlin in IHCs affects potassium channel expression in SGNs. The absence of otoferlin is associated with SGN hyperexcitability. We propose that type I spiral ganglion neuron functional maturation depends on IHC exocytosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiology-London","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of the visual landmark pathway in the mammalian brain.","authors":"Paul A Dudchenko","doi":"10.1113/JP287506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1113/JP287506","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50088,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physiology-London","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}