{"title":"Investigation of Deep Learning Approaches for Identification of Important Wheat Pests in Central Anatolia","authors":"Tolga HAYIT, Sadık Eren KÖSE","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000314","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence-based systems play a crucial role in Integrated Pest Management studies. It is important to develop and support such systems for controlling wheat pests, which cause significant losses in wheat production which is strategic importance, particularly in Turkey. This study employed various pre-trained deep learning approaches to identify key wheat pests in the Central Anatolia Region, namely Aelia spp., Anisoplia spp., Eurygaster spp., Pachytychius hordei, and Zabrus spp. The models' classification success was determined using open and original datasets. Among the models, the ResNet-18 model outperformed others, achieving a classification success rate of 99%. Furthermore, each model was tested with original images collected during field studies to assess their effectiveness. The results demonstrate that pre-trained deep learning models can be utilized for the identification of important wheat pests in Central Anatolia as part of Integrated Pest Management.","PeriodicalId":500702,"journal":{"name":"Hitite journal of science and engineering","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136341333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cobalt boride (Co2B) particle synthesis by one-step carbothermic reduction","authors":"Levent KARTAL","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000311","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, crystalline Co2B powder production was carried out by a one-step carbothermal reduction method starting from cheap, easily accessible oxide-based materials. Firstly, to determine the carbothermic CoxB formation conditions, the decomposition temperatures of the raw materials were analysed by TG/DTA, and the temperature-varying Gibbs free energies of the expected reactions were calculated. Then, Co2B production was carried out at constant CoO/B2O3/C (3.22/1.5/1.3) weight ratios at temperature (1273-1473 K) and time (30-270 min). scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) were used to characterize the particles. XRD results showed that reaction temperature and time are the primary control on CoxB formation. Single-phase crystalline Co2B particles with crystallite sizes of 88 nm were successfully produced at 1473 K and 150 min. The permanent magnetization, saturation magnetization, and coercivity values of Co2B particles were defined as 16.58 Oe, 35.361 emu/g, 0.501 emu/g, respectively","PeriodicalId":500702,"journal":{"name":"Hitite journal of science and engineering","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136342649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Energy, Exergy, and Environment Performance Evaluation of Cascade Refrigeration System with Natural Refrigerants","authors":"Meltem KOŞAN","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000313","url":null,"abstract":"Cascade refrigeration systems are preferred in applications where low temperature cooling is required, such as in some special industrial and laboratory applications. Since, in these systems, the energy consumed by the compressors is less and the compressor outlet temperature is lower. Due to environmental problems, the use of natural refrigerants in cascade refrigeration systems has become to be of great importance. In this study, two cascade systems consisting of R744/R290 (System 1) and R1270/R290 (System 2) natural refrigerant pairs were designed and thermodynamically examined. In the analyzes performed according to different evaporator temperatures, the highest COP value was 3.66 at -20℃ evaporating temperature was obtained in the cascade system consisting of the R1270/R290 refrigerant pair. Moreover, it was considered that there was a 17.95% enhancement in exergy efficiency with the use of R1270 refrigerant in the low temperature cycle. By the rise in the evaporator temperature, energy consumption decreases and as a result, the amount of carbon dioxide emissions reduced was attained.","PeriodicalId":500702,"journal":{"name":"Hitite journal of science and engineering","volume":"1129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136341361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrochemical Dopamine Detection Using Palladium/Carbon Nano Onion Hybrids","authors":"Hasan Hüseyin IPEKCI","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000308","url":null,"abstract":"In the given study, palladium-decorated carbon nano-onion nanostructures (Pd/CNO) were used as an electrochemical catalyst for detecting dopamine (DA). The physicochemical properties of the Pd/SO3H/CNO-based catalysts were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) methods. Pd/SO3H/CNO inks were dropped cast on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to prepare the electrochemical DA sensors. The sensor performance was performed using cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The electroanalytical results indicated a LOD value of 2.44 M and the linear range of the sensors were found to be between 10 and 400 M DA. The enhanced electrocatalytic activity toward DA is attributed to the high active surface area, conductivity of CNO and the high electrocatalytic property of Pd. The results suggest that Pd/SO3H/CNO nanostructures can be used to detect electrochemical DA sensors with high selectivity, sensitivity, and low LOD.","PeriodicalId":500702,"journal":{"name":"Hitite journal of science and engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136342648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nanoscale Liposome Synthesis for Drug Delivery Applications via Ultrafast Acoustofluidic Micromixing","authors":"Ali POURABDOLLAH VARDİN, Gurkan YESILOZ","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000312","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, lipid nanoparticles have gained profound interest in chemical and biomedical engineering. The rapid development of therapeutic nanosystems has led to a need to design suitable approaches to synthesize bio-carriers for efficient drug delivery. Microfluidic methods provide an excellent opportunity to acquire desirable nanoparticle properties, including stability, size, shape, and size distribution, which are often challenging to obtain using conventional bulk synthesis methods. Rapid mixing is a crucial factor in the nanoprecipitation process as it influences the size and size distribution of the nanoparticles. Within this regard, in this work, we report an ultrafast acoustofluidic micromixer to synthesize liposome nanoparticles, which have been widely investigated in the literature as drug carriers due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. This research has also investigated the influence of glycerol addition to the solvent to control the size of the liposomes. Our findings indicate that utilizing the acoustofluidic platform resulted in the production of nanoscale liposomes with small mean sizes compared to the hydrodynamic flow-focusing (HFF) method. Furthermore, the inclusion of glycerol led to a significant reduction in liposome size. These results emphasize the potential of the proposed approach for the efficient and precise synthesis of liposome nanoparticles with improved characteristics, which can be utilized in various biomedical and drug delivery applications.","PeriodicalId":500702,"journal":{"name":"Hitite journal of science and engineering","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136341365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the blind denoising efficiency of image denoising algorithms through robustness, image quality and computational burden","authors":"Kenan GENÇOL","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000315","url":null,"abstract":"The main goal of the image denoising is to recover the original image while attaining the structure of the image as much as possible. When the image denoising task is blind, we have no a priori information about the original image. Thus, we cannot measure the degradation level in the image directly; instead, noise variance can be estimated by the denoising algorithm. According to the estimated value, denoising is performed. Such algorithms are supposed to be robust to varying and high levels of noise interference. Moreover, in time-constrained real-world applications, they must balance the tradeoff between image quality and computation time. In this study, we assess the performance of the image denoising algorithms armored for these goals. We are aimed to determine the optimal performance yielded by such algorithms and the noise bounds wherein each algorithm is superior. After the experimental work, important conclusions are drawn.","PeriodicalId":500702,"journal":{"name":"Hitite journal of science and engineering","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136341334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nermin Hande AVCİOGLU, Sezen BILEN OZYUREK, Işıl SEYİS BİLKAY
{"title":"Use of heat-killed Aspergillus ochraceus NRRL 3174 discs as biosorbent for petroleum removal","authors":"Nermin Hande AVCİOGLU, Sezen BILEN OZYUREK, Işıl SEYİS BİLKAY","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000310","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this work was to evaluate the petroleum sorption capacity of heat-killed fungal discs obtained from Aspergillus ochraceus strain. Effect of various parameters such as biosorbent dose (0.5g-2.5g/100mL), petroleum concentration (0.5-5%), pH (4.0-8.0), contact time (1-12h) and re-usability of biosorbent (1-6) were investigated. Accordingly, the highest biosorption capacity was obtained with 1% petroleum concentration, 1.5 g/100mL heat-killed fungal discs, 10h contact time at pH: 5.0 and room temperature. Additionally, each disc was able to actively use for at least 6 more cycles in biosorption experiments. The specific removal rate was calculated as 0.114 day−1, the rate constant and half-life period were also 1.609 day-1, t1/2 = 0.431, respectively. The kinetic study was described by the pseudo-second order model and the equilibrium modeling was found to be well fitted with Langmuir isotherm. The biosorbent(s) were characterized by Focused Ion Beam Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM). Over 80% removal of long-chain n-alkanes by the heat-killed fungal discs was confirmed by GC-MS analysis. Since there has been no similar study investigating the sorption of petroleum with heat-killed Aspergillus ochraceous discs, this novel bio-based sorbent with its low cost, environmentally friendly and easy-to-apply properties can be used in advanced biosorption studies.","PeriodicalId":500702,"journal":{"name":"Hitite journal of science and engineering","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136342646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"INTERACTION OF GHK TRIPEPTIDE WITH RECEPTORS TARGETED IN SOME CANCER STUDIES: A THEORETICAL APPROACH WITH MOLECULAR DOCKING","authors":"Bilge BIÇAK, Serda Kecel GUNDUZ","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000309","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer, defined as the uncontrolled growth and proliferation of cells, is a serious disease seen in many people around the world. For this reason, a lot of work has been done and continues to be done by scientists for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. It is known that various receptors are targeted in studies on cancers. In this study, ER, PR, EGFR and HER2 receptors, which are among the most frequently used target receptors, were selected. GHK is a tripeptide that has important benefits such as increasing cancer resistance and reversing cancer cells. In this study, the complex structures formed by the most commonly used target receptors (ER, PR, EGFR and HER2) and the GHK tripeptide were examined. These complex structures were obtained by molecular docking method that is a molecular modeling method used to predict how a receptor interacts with small molecules. As a result of the study, binding affinities, close interactions, and interaction types of GHK and receptors were determined, and interaction profiles with various drugs (such as tamoxifen, erlotinib and neratinib) in the literature were examined comparatively. In the light of the findings obtained in the studies, it was determined that the GHK tripeptide gave similar interaction profiles with the drugs used in cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":500702,"journal":{"name":"Hitite journal of science and engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136342655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Role of Rubrene Concentration on Dielectric Parameters of Nematic Liquid Crystal","authors":"Gülsüm KOCAKÜLAH","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000307","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the dielectric parameters of E7 coded nematic liquid crystal (NLC) composites containing the different amounts of rubrene fluorescent dye were investigated. E7, E7+0.5 wt.% Rubrene, and E7+1.0 wt.% Rubrene samples were prepared. Frequency dependent dielectric constants (ɛ′ and ɛ′′), dielectric anisotropy (Δε′), and ac conductivity (σac) graphs of rubrene doped E7 NLC composites were obtained by dielectric spectroscopy method and compared with pure E7 NLC. By using these graphs, relaxation frequency (fR), relaxation time (τR), dielectric strength (δɛ′), and crossover frequency (fc) parameters of the E7 NLC and its rubrene doped composites were determined. An increase in fR from 3.045 MHz to 3.697 MHz for 0 V and from 627 kHz to 686 kHz for 40 V was observed with increasing rubrene concentration. On the other hand, a decrease in τR from 0.052 μs to 0.043 μs for 0 V and from 0.254 μs to 0.232 μs for 40 V was seen with increasing rubrene concentration. Furthermore, an increase in fc from 1.145 MHz to 1.298 MHz was obtained with increasing rubrene concentration. The results show that the dielectric parameters change with the concentration of rubrene and it is thought that this study will provide a basis for investigating the dielectric properties of rubrene doped NLC composites. Moreover, it is concluded that the produced composites are a suitable base material for electro-optical device applications such as smart displays, photonics and electrical circuit elements.","PeriodicalId":500702,"journal":{"name":"Hitite journal of science and engineering","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136342657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Simultaneous effect of welding current with post-weld T6 heat-treatment on corrosion susceptibility of Al6013 alloy joined by GTAW","authors":"Mehmet TOPUZ","doi":"10.17350/hjse19030000316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17350/hjse19030000316","url":null,"abstract":"Al6013 base metals were joined successfully with ER4047 weld metal by using the GTAW method under different welding currents. Post-weld T6 heat treatment effects on corrosion properties were investigated in terms of open circuit potential (OCP), potentiodynamic polarization (PDS), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests. It was determined that corrosion resistance of the post-weld samples increased with increasing welding current, while T6 heat-treatment only effective on 110A and 140A welding current samples (3.61 to 2.08, 2.95 to 2.40, and 1.38 to 2.15 µA·cm-2 for 110, 140, and 170A welding current before and after T6 heat-treatment). The characteristics of the oxide films on the surfaces are revealed with EIS analysis by a two-constant equivalent circuit model which observed that while the passive film originating from Al is formed on the surfaces, on the other hand, it contains a pittings on the surface. It was determined that the pitting resistance of the T6 heat-treated 110A samples increased (3075 to 4562 Ω). Post-corrosion SEM surface morphologies showed that low welding currents lead to more damage with increased exposure to corrosion.","PeriodicalId":500702,"journal":{"name":"Hitite journal of science and engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136342644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}