Journal of Sea Research最新文献

{"title":"Modeling the diffusion of 226Ra in the calm marine environment of Gorgan Bay and validating it using experimental results","authors":"Reza Pourimani,&nbsp;Seyed Mohsen Mortazavi Shahroudi","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2025.102564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2025.102564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The awareness of emission pattern of radionuclides is necessary for the assessment of their impact on people's health. In this paper, the distribution of ²²⁶Ra in the Gorgan Bay water body was investigated. This experience could help scientists predict the distribution of ²²⁶Ra in the aquatic environment. Two models predicted the distribution of ²²⁶Ra in the sediments at various points along the Gaz River estuary to Gorgan Bay. These predictions were then compared with actual measurements of ²²⁶Ra activity taken at the same locations. Model 1 is based on the framework proposed by the International Atomic Energy Agency, while Model 2 is a concentric model developed by the authors. Model2 can be used for the wastewater pools of nuclear centers and can predict well how radium spreads in a quiet environment without interference. The average specific activity of ²²⁶Ra in sediments for experimental data, Model1 and Model2 was 14.75, 14.99 and 15.24 Bq/kg, respectively. The mean value of relative error for Model1 and Model2 was %7.18 and %3.29, respectively. The ²²⁶Ra diffusion patterns using models 1 and 2 at the study area are very near to the obtained results. According to these models and measurement results, the concentration of ²²⁶Ra is highest in deposits near the Gaz River's mouth, and its amount decreases with distance from its mouth. The good prediction of ²²⁶Ra concentration in sediments by these models shows that it can be used in other non-turbulent environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 102564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connectivity and larval drift across marine protected areas in the German bight, North Sea: Necessity of stepping stones","authors":"Vera Sidorenko ,&nbsp;Sara Rubinetti ,&nbsp;Anna Akimova ,&nbsp;Bernadette Pogoda ,&nbsp;Alexey Androsov ,&nbsp;Kingsly C. Beng ,&nbsp;Anne F. Sell ,&nbsp;Santiago E.A. Pineda-Metz ,&nbsp;K. Mathias Wegner ,&nbsp;Sarah C. Brand ,&nbsp;Lisa N.S. Shama ,&nbsp;Jochen Wollschläger ,&nbsp;Kerstin Klemm ,&nbsp;Amin Rahdarian ,&nbsp;Christian Winter ,&nbsp;Thomas Badewien ,&nbsp;Ivan Kuznetsov ,&nbsp;Gerald Herrling ,&nbsp;Silke Laakmann ,&nbsp;Karen H. Wiltshire","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2025.102563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2025.102563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the transport of European flat oyster (<em>Ostrea edulis</em>) larvae between two Marine Protected Areas in the North Sea: Borkum Reef Ground (BRG), where oysters were recently reintroduced, and Sylt Outer Reef (SOR). Additionally, we determined the source of oyster genetic material collected during cruises in 2022 between BRG and SOR. To achieve these goals, numerical simulations focusing on surface and depth-averaged water mass transport were conducted using the FESOM-C coastal ocean model with a forward/backward Lagrangian module. Surface drifter data were also analysed to examine surface transport and validate the model output. Our results indicate that typical summer wind conditions, along with tidal residual currents, support the transport of water masses and passive tracers from BRG to SOR. Surface water masses from BRG generally approach SOR from the south and west. However, BRG and SOR are usually connected over periods exceeding two weeks, even considering the fastest surface currents. Strong and persistent south-westerly winds, which are uncommon in summer, can accelerate this connection to under two weeks. Conversely, strong and persistent easterly or south-easterly winds, also rare in summer, can prevent some passive tracers originating from BRG from ever reaching SOR or the eastern North Sea. In the case of depth-averaged transport, significantly more time is required, with a minimum duration of eleven weeks to connect the domains. This connection could be facilitated by an intermediary habitat - as a stepping stone in the transition zone, if that provides suitable habitat for settlement and subsequent larval production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 102563"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of the Covid-19 epidemic on the resilience of Chinese coastal ports","authors":"Lang Xu ,&nbsp;Yajing Shen ,&nbsp;Jihong Chen ,&nbsp;Guangnian Xiao ,&nbsp;Liying Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic severely disrupted global maritime transport, while Chinese coastal ports demonstrated remarkable resilience, continuing to play a pivotal role in the shipping industry. This study categorizes resilience into five key properties (redundancy, flexibility, stability, recoverability, and scalability) using tier-1 and tier-2 indicators to evaluate the resilience performance of 16 ports from 2013 to 2022. To standardize the data, we apply the min-max normalization, followed by entropy weighting to evaluate the performance of various resilience indicators, then construct a DBN model to reflect the state transitions of resilience indicators. The findings reveal strong financial health is crucial for maintaining port resilience. Enhancing financial management and improving profitability provide a robust economic foundation for the sustainable development of ports. Additionally, cargo throughput and import-export trade are highly sensitive to port resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 102554"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the marine biosphere of the Northwest Pacific and the Central Indo-Pacific observed via Earth Observation data (EO data used for NWP and CIP biosphere)","authors":"Young-Je Park ,&nbsp;Fang Shen ,&nbsp;GiHoon Hong ,&nbsp;Fang Zuo ,&nbsp;Kai Qin ,&nbsp;Sophie Hebden","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102556","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 102556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Marine biodiversity under global climate change","authors":"Jun Sun ,&nbsp;Zhuo Chen ,&nbsp;Kuidong Xu ,&nbsp;Mao Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global climate changes have had a profound impact on marine biodiversity, prompting marine organisms to adapt rapidly to these changes. Marine biodiversity is a reflection of the stability and variability found within marine ecosystems, upon which they rely. Thirteen articles in this special issue are dedicated to exploring marine biodiversity and its response to global climate changes for a more thoughtful understanding. We are delighted to see that by taking a holistic approach to marine biodiversity and global climate changes, incorporating various disciplines, we can better inform the future restoration of marine ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 102555"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143153904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The realization of equity in ABMTs, including MPAs, under the BBNJ agreement for marine ecosystem resilience strength in the climate change context","authors":"Jiayu Bai ,&nbsp;Kailei Zhu ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Yingyu Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conservation and sustainable utilization of marine biodiversity in the context of climate change are unavoidable issues for the international community. The BBNJ Agreement, which regulates equity, is being opened for signature as an implementation agreement of UNCLOS after years of international negotiations. The ABMTs, including MPAs, are regulated by the BBNJ Agreement. The role of ABMTs, including MPAs is closely related to climate change response. Its approaches include building ecosystem resilience in response to climate change stress. When interpreting and implementing articles concerning ABMTs, including MPAs, equity should be followed. To what extent do the interpretation and implementation of these articles reflect equity? According to the VCLT, ‘Common action’ and ‘special consideration’ are representative elements of equity. Under the indicators of ‘common action’ and ‘special consideration’, some articles related to the submission of proposals, decision-making, implementation, monitoring, and review processes of ABMTs, including MPAs, are formulated with ambiguous expressions. These ambiguous expressions may not be conducive to the contracting parties fully adhering to equity in the interpretation and implementation of ABMTs, including MPAs. To address these ambiguous expressions, the contracting parties may implement subsequent practices, based on the VCLT. First, the contracting parties may ask the STB to stipulate that the consultation procedure may be concluded after a certain time. Second, the contracting parties may clarify the positioning of particularly affected contracting parties in measuring the efforts exhausted to reach a consensus. Third, the contracting parties may make a declaration. The declaration could indicate that the disproportionate burden in the implementation of the ABMTs, including MPA measures imposed under the objectives, should be considered in supporting developing states.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 102551"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142719760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"China's island management system based on qualitative content analysis: The choice between development and conservation","authors":"Jianhui Liu ,&nbsp;Fenggui Chen ,&nbsp;Lan Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to its unique characteristics and positioning, the conservation and management of islands differ from those of mainland and marine environments. As a major maritime nation with over 11,000 islands, China's island policies reflect its comprehensive strategic needs in resource management, ecological protection, and economic development, while also illustrating the profound influence of global climate change and international marine governance on national interests, giving these policies their distinctiveness. Therefore, this study constructs a qualitative content analysis process, focusing on China's island management policies, with the aim of systematically interpreting policy texts to conduct a comprehensive analysis, revealing the evolution and characteristics of China's island management system, as well as identifying new challenges ahead. This approach provides a fresh perspective on integrated island management. Through analysis, we identified three key themes in China's island management: island development, ecological protection, and legal governance. From a longitudinal perspective, China's island management has shifted from an initial focus on development to increasingly emphasizing ecological protection. As island governance policies are gradually introduced, other management measures have also been continuously implemented, including conducting comprehensive national island resource surveys, establishing and developing nature reserves related to islands, undertaking island ecosystem restoration, and incorporating island management into unified national spatial planning. These efforts have progressively advanced China's island management toward greater specialization and legal governance. A horizontal comparison of island management systems reveals that, in China, economic development is often prioritized, especially on islands with significant development potential. This is fundamentally driven by the current stage of economic development and resource demands. Therefore, exploring a path that balances economic development with ecological protection has become a key highlight of China's island management. Over time, new challenges have emerged due to changing environmental conditions, such as sea level rise and increased extreme weather events exacerbating the vulnerability of island ecosystems and disaster risks. Strengthening island climate adaptation requires the establishment of early warning systems for extreme weather and sea level rise, enhancing flood defenses, and restoring natural ecosystems such as mangroves, coral reefs, and wetlands, which serve as protective barriers against climate risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 102553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation analysis of failure risk factors in automated container port logistics systems from a resilience perspective","authors":"Shipeng Wang ,&nbsp;Haiyan Wang ,&nbsp;Guoqing Xue ,&nbsp;Yang Han ,&nbsp;Qi Qin ,&nbsp;Leixin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xushi Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper aims to explore the correlations among failure risk factors of automated container port logistics systems from a resilience perspective. Based on the Wuli-Shili-Renli (WSR) theory and a multi-dimensional resilience framework, five key categories of risk factors affecting system resilience are identified: port infrastructure, port logistics operation organization, port personnel, port operational environment, and port emergency response and management. Through expert interviews, system component analysis, and a review of related literature across these five dimensions, 36 specific risk factors were identified to establish an initial set of system failure risk factors. Subsequently, a dual-factor screening method combining grey relational analysis and rank correlation was applied to simplify the initial set, constructing a system failure risk factor index system from a resilience perspective. Finally, a comprehensive model combining the Fuzzy Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (FDEMATEL) method and the Total Adversarial Interpretation Structure Model (TAISM) was proposed. This model identifies and quantifies the complex correlations among system failure risk factors from a resilience perspective, revealing their relative importance and their impact on system resilience. The results indicate that system resilience is primarily influenced by internal factors such as the smoothness of collection and distribution operations, infrastructure service capacity, and the stability of technical support systems. External factors, such as the prevention capability for major emergency threats and the improvement of government supervision and coordination feedback mechanisms, also significantly impact system resilience. The complex interactions among key factors have a profound effect on system resilience, underscoring the need to enhance coordination and management measures to strengthen overall system resilience. This study provides a theoretical foundation for developing targeted strategies to enhance the resilience of automated container port logistics systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 102552"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The challenge of harvesting common sole (Solea solea) in highly selective trawl fisheries","authors":"Rikke Petri Frandsen ,&nbsp;Ludvig Ahm Krag ,&nbsp;Bent Herrmann","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Common sole (<em>Solea solea</em>) is an economically important species in several European trawl fisheries, yet little is known about the size selective properties of codends used in bottom trawl fisheries targeting sole. This study presents results from a sea trial conducted in the inner Danish waters where common sole is fished in a seasonal trawl fishery using a 90 mm diamond mesh codend with a mandatory large mesh escape panel. To improve understanding of the selectivity in this gear, we in addition tested a plain 90 mm diamond mesh codend without an escape panel. This combination of codend mesh size and large mesh escape panel is part of an ambitious management plan aimed at eliminating bycatch of cod (<em>Gadus morhua</em>) in trawl fisheries in the inner Danish waters. In the fishery for common sole, we found a severe mismatch between gear regulations and minimum conservation reference size of the target species. The outcome is a highly inefficient fishery in which only 22 % (CI: 18–27 %) by weight of the marketable sole is retained in the 90 mm diamond mesh codend. Further, we estimated that 25 % (CI: 16–35 %) of the sole entering the codend would contact the mandatory escape panel and escape, resulting in a total loss of 83 % (CI: 79–87 %) of marketable sole through the mandatory gear. The inefficiency in this fishery demonstrates the need for other means than gear specifications to regulate this type of fishery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 102550"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142659854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stock exploitation status of silver croaker (Pennahia argentata) from the East China Sea","authors":"Shiqing Zhao ,&nbsp;Richard Kindong ,&nbsp;Chunxia Gao ,&nbsp;Njomoue Achille Pandong ,&nbsp;Siquan Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102549","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.seares.2024.102549","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silver croaker (<em>Pennahia argentata)</em> is an important economic species in the East China Sea (ECS); however, its population has been declining, and studies on its status are scarce. This study collected biological data, including length, weight, and gonadal maturity of silver croaker from the southern coastal waters of Zhejiang Province between 2015 and 2021, to evaluate its life history and assess stock status. Methods from the TropFishR package were employed to estimate population growth and natural mortality parameters. Two widely used length-based data-limited models, length-based bayesian biomass estimation method (LBB) and length-based spawning potential ratio method (LBSPR), were applied to assess the stock status of silver croaker in the ECS. The results indicated that with a maximum age (<em>A</em>_<em>max</em>) of 4 years, the asymptotic length (<em>L</em>_<em>inf</em>) was 23.80 cm, growth rate (<em>K</em>) was 0.74/year, and natural mortality coefficient (<em>M</em>) ranged from 1.068 to 1.376. Under the assumption of <em>A</em>_<em>max</em> = 5 years, <em>L</em>_<em>inf</em> was 26.77 cm, <em>K</em> was 0.63/year, and <em>M</em> ranged from 0.818 to 1.193. The LBB and LBSPR models showed that, except for scenarios with <em>L</em>_<em>∞</em> = 23.8 cm, <em>M/K</em> = 1.46, and <em>L</em>_<em>∞</em> = 26.77 cm, <em>M/K</em> = 1.30, 1.38, or 1.48, the selectivity at length parameters <span><math><msubsup><mi>L</mi><mn>50</mn><mi>S</mi></msubsup><mspace></mspace></math></span>and<span><math><mspace></mspace><msubsup><mi>L</mi><mn>95</mn><mi>S</mi></msubsup></math></span> for silver croaker exhibited an increasing trend over the years. In the LBB model, <span><math><msubsup><mi>L</mi><mn>50</mn><mi>S</mi></msubsup></math></span> for different years consistently fell below the optimum length (<em>L</em>_{<em>c_opt</em>}), indicating that most individuals did not reach the size at first sexual maturity or optimal catch length. Moreover, under high fishing pressure, the Spawning Potential Ratio (SPR) and the unfished biomass ratio (<em>B/B</em>_<em>0</em>) for silver croaker showed a decreasing trend, despite some stability or recovery in recent years. However, in all scenarios, SPR values were below 0.2, and <em>B/B</em>_<em>0</em> values were below 0.5, suggesting a significant risk of population collapse for silver croaker in the ECS due to intense fishing pressure. Therefore, it is recommended to reduce the current fishing pressure and increase the minimum catch size of this species for effective conservation and management in this region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50056,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sea Research","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 102549"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}