ACS Applied Energy Materials最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing the High-Rate Capability and Cycling Stability of LiMn0.6Fe0.4PO4/C Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries by Na+ Doping","authors":"Jiahao Xu, Kangwei Hou, Xiaolin Li, Yuhan Bian, Yaping Wang, Li Wang, Guangchuan Liang","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c01659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c01659","url":null,"abstract":"The practical applications of lithium manganese iron phosphate (LMFP) are severely circumvented by the inferior electronic conductivity and electrochemical reaction kinetics. In this work, a Na⁺-doping method is adopted to prepare Li_1–<i>x</i>Na_<i>x</i>Mn_0.6Fe_0.4PO₄/C (<i>x</i> = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03) materials by spray drying combined with the carbothermal reduction method. It is found that appropriate Na⁺ doping enhances the crystallinity, reduces Li–Fe antisite defects, decreases the primary particle size, and homogenizes the size distribution of the LMFP material. Moreover, the inferior rate and cycling performance of LMFP are mainly ascribed to the slower Li⁺ diffusion kinetics of Mn redox. A combination of experiments and DFT calculations shows that Na⁺ doping can increase the Li–O bond length, widen the Li⁺ diffusion channel, and decrease Li⁺ diffusion energy barriers, which can accelerate the Li⁺ diffusion rate and Mn redox kinetics, thereby improving the high-rate capability and cycling stability of Na⁺-doped samples. Besides, doped Na⁺ can not only act as pillars to stabilize the structure but also reduce Mn³⁺ content and Mn–Mn interactions to alleviate the Jahn–Teller effect, which also helps to improve the cycling performance of Na⁺-doped samples, wherein the Li_0.98Na_0.02Mn_0.6Fe_0.4PO₄/C sample exhibits optimal rate and cycling performances. Its specific discharge capacity is 125.0 mAh g^–1 at 5 C, and the capacity retention rate reaches 96.7% after 100 cycles at 1 C. Therefore, the Na⁺-doping strategy is believed to be an effective modification means to ameliorate the high-rate and cycling capabilities of olivine-based cathode materials.","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward Water-Resistant, Tunable Perovskite Absorbers Using Peptide Hydrogel Additives","authors":"Tom Flavell, Dawei Zhao, Fahad A. Aljuaid, Xuzhao Liu, Alberto Saiani, Alexei B. Preobrajenski, Alexander V. Generalov, Ben F. Spencer, Alex S. Walton, Andrew G. Thomas, Wendy R. Flavell","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c01089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c01089","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, hydrogels have been demonstrated as simple and cheap additives to improve the optical properties and material stability of organometal halide perovskites (OHPs), with most research centered on the use of hydrophilic, petrochemical-derived polymers. Here, we investigate the role of a peptide hydrogel in passivating defect sites and improving the stability of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPI, CH₃NH₃PbI₃) using closely controlled, <i>in situ</i> X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) techniques under realistic pressures. Optical measurements reveal that a reduction in the density of defect sites is achieved by incorporating peptide into the precursor solution during the conventional one-step MAPI fabrication approach. Increasing the concentration of peptide is shown to reduce the MAPI crystallite size, attributed to a reduction in hydrogel pore size, and a concomitant increase in the optical bandgap is shown to be consistent with that expected due to quantum size effects. Encapsulation of MAPI crystallites is further evidenced by XPS quantification, which demonstrates that the surface stoichiometry differs little from the expected nominal values for a homogeneously mixed system. <i>In situ</i> XPS demonstrates that thermally induced degradation in a vacuum is reduced by the inclusion of peptide, and near-ambient pressure XPS (NAP-XPS) reveals that this enhancement is partially retained at 9 mbar water vapor pressure, with a reduced loss of methylammonium (MA⁺) from the surface following heating achieved using 3 wt % peptide loading. A maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.6% was achieved with a peptide loading of 3 wt %, compared with 15.9% from a 0 wt % device, the former maintaining 81% of its best efficiency over 480 h storage at 35% relative humidity (RH), compared with 48% maintained by a 0 wt % device.","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agar-Activated Carbon Cathode with Optimized Redox Electrolyte for High-Energy and Stable Aqueous Zinc Hybrid Battery–Capacitor","authors":"Balamurugan Selvaraj, Sehong Seo, Sungjin Kim, Adi Tiara Zikri, Seunggyeong Lee, Vinod Mathew, Balaji Sambandam, Jaekook Kim","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c02027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c02027","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, aqueous zinc hybrid battery–capacitors (AZHBCs) have received significant attention owing to advantages such as low cost, high safety, high power, and a long cycle life. However, the limited energy density of the current AZHBCs should be further improved by introducing cathode materials and optimized electrolytes to realize their large-scale applications. In this study, agar biopolymer-based activated carbon optimized at 750 °C (AAC-750) with large specific surface area, an optimized aqueous solution of ZnSO₄ + KI, and zinc metal were employed as the cathode material, redox electrolyte, and anode, respectively. An optimal AZHBC configuration, consisting of AAC-750//2 M ZnSO₄ + 0.3 M KI//Zn, exhibited an outstanding high capacity of 413 mAh g_c^–1, a remarkable energy density (∼508 Wh kg_c^–1) that breached the milestone of 500 Wh kg_c^–1 at 0.1 A g_c^–1 in the voltage range of 0.2–1.8 V, and an excellent cyclic stability with a capacity retention of 97% over 10 000 cycles at 10 A g^–1. In terms of the mechanism, this remarkable performance can be ascribed to the polyiodide redox reaction (3I^–/I₃^–, 2I^–/I₂, and 2I₃^–/3I₂), the reversible ion adsorption of SO₄^2–/I^– at the cathode, and the reversible electrodeposition of Zn²⁺ at the anode, respectively. In addition, theoretical analyses were carried out to understand the molecular dynamics of various aqueous ZnSO₄ + KI electrolyte systems and the adsorption process of polyiodide ions. The proposed strategy provides a way to design high-energy and stable AZHBCs with an appropriate electrolyte system and a biopolymer-derived carbon cathode.","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agar-Activated Carbon Cathode with Optimized Redox Electrolyte for High-Energy and Stable Aqueous Zinc Hybrid Battery–Capacitor","authors":"Balamurugan Selvaraj,&nbsp;Sehong Seo,&nbsp;Sungjin Kim,&nbsp;Adi Tiara Zikri,&nbsp;Seunggyeong Lee,&nbsp;Vinod Mathew*,&nbsp;Balaji Sambandam and Jaekook Kim*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c0202710.1021/acsaem.4c02027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c02027https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c02027","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Recently, aqueous zinc hybrid battery–capacitors (AZHBCs) have received significant attention owing to advantages such as low cost, high safety, high power, and a long cycle life. However, the limited energy density of the current AZHBCs should be further improved by introducing cathode materials and optimized electrolytes to realize their large-scale applications. In this study, agar biopolymer-based activated carbon optimized at 750 °C (AAC-750) with large specific surface area, an optimized aqueous solution of ZnSO₄ + KI, and zinc metal were employed as the cathode material, redox electrolyte, and anode, respectively. An optimal AZHBC configuration, consisting of AAC-750//2 M ZnSO₄ + 0.3 M KI//Zn, exhibited an outstanding high capacity of 413 mAh g_c^–1, a remarkable energy density (∼508 Wh kg_c^–1) that breached the milestone of 500 Wh kg_c^–1 at 0.1 A g_c^–1 in the voltage range of 0.2–1.8 V, and an excellent cyclic stability with a capacity retention of 97% over 10 000 cycles at 10 A g^–1. In terms of the mechanism, this remarkable performance can be ascribed to the polyiodide redox reaction (3I^–/I₃^–, 2I^–/I₂, and 2I₃^–/3I₂), the reversible ion adsorption of SO₄^2–/I^– at the cathode, and the reversible electrodeposition of Zn²⁺ at the anode, respectively. In addition, theoretical analyses were carried out to understand the molecular dynamics of various aqueous ZnSO₄ + KI electrolyte systems and the adsorption process of polyiodide ions. The proposed strategy provides a way to design high-energy and stable AZHBCs with an appropriate electrolyte system and a biopolymer-derived carbon cathode.</p>","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NiFe2O4 in MoSe2 Exhibits Bifunctional Water Oxidation and Oxygen Reduction (OER and ORR) Catalytic Reactions for Energy Applications","authors":"Merin Mary Sebastian, Ditty Dixon, T. Daniel Thangadurai, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, Alex Schechter","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c01586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c01586","url":null,"abstract":"Highly active bifunctional oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts made of nickel ferrite (NiFe₂O₄) supported on molybdenum diselenide (MoSe₂) nanosheets have been rigorously studied in our present work. The OER activity evaluation was conducted in an alkaline solution for all catalysts. The MoSe₂@NiFe₂O₄ (1:1) catalyst, which had shown superior activity compared to other catalysts, has an onset potential of 1.50 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), similar to the state-of-the-art commercial IrO₂. The ORR activity of the MoSe₂@NiFe₂O₄ electrocatalyst exhibited an ORR onset potential of 0.83 V vs RHE. We report the MoSe₂@NiFe₂O₄ bifunctional catalyst for noticeable activity in ORR and OER, with a potential difference (Δ<i>E</i>) of 0.92 V. In the accelerated test, after 5000 potential cycles, the MoSe₂@NiFe₂O₄ (1:1) catalyst had about 86% retention of the ORR diffusion-limiting current density. The OER depicts a loss of around 70.6% after 2000 cycles, which is significantly lower than that of the state-of-the-art IrO₂, deactivated after 2000 cycles. Harnessing the excellent bifunctionality of our catalyst, we tested the catalyst in the Zn–air battery, which depicts 300 cycles. The Zn–air battery long-term cycling test was performed at 20 mA cm^–2 to assess the stability of the hybrid catalyst (30 min cycle^–1), which exhibits a discharge voltage of 1.13 V and a charging voltage of 2.20 V. Considering the excellent bifunctional activity, the MoSe₂@NiFe₂O₄ heterostructured composite is an exceptional candidate for energy storage applications.","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Impact of 1,8-Diioodoctane on the Photostability of Organic Photovoltaics","authors":"Rachel C. Kilbride, Emma L. K. Spooner, Elena J. Cassella, Mary E. O’Kane, Khalid Doudin, David G. Lidzey, Richard Jones, Andrew J. Parnell","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c01272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c01272","url":null,"abstract":"Improving the photostability of the light-harvesting blend film in organic photovoltaics is crucial to achieving long-term operational lifetimes that are required for commercialization. However, understanding the degradation factors which drive instabilities is complex, with many variables such as film morphology, residual solvents, and acceptor or donor design all influencing how light and oxygen interact with the blend film. In this work, we show how blend films comprising a donor polymer (PBDB-T) and small molecule acceptor (PC₇₁BM or ITIC) processed with solvent additive (DIO) yield very different film morphologies, device performance, and photostability. We show that DIO is retained approximately 10 times more effectively in ITIC based films compared to PC₇₁BM. Unexpectedly, we see that while high volumes of DIO reduce photostability for encapsulated ITIC devices, when oxygen is introduced DIO can improve the lifetime of PBDB-T:ITIC based cells. Here, the addition of 3% DIO doubles the <i>T</i>₈₀ compared to ITIC based devices without DIO, suggesting that DIO-induced morphological changes interfere with or reduce photo-oxidative reactions.","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Sodium Concentration on the Optoelectronic Properties of Silicon Clathrate Films","authors":"Anil Kumar Bharwal, Romain Vollondat, Charif Tamin, Stéphane Roques, Jérémy Bartringer, Daniel Stoeffler, Céline Chevalier, Aziz Dinia, Abdelilah Slaoui, Thomas Fix","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c01514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c01514","url":null,"abstract":"Due to their original optoelectronic properties and cage-like structure, type-II silicon clathrate (Na_<i>x</i>Si₁₃₆) films are investigated as a new silicon-based material for energy applications. In view of the devices and applications, understanding the energy levels of these clathrates is crucial and needs to be investigated as they vary strongly with Na concentration. In this study, we determined the optical bandgap energy, work function, ionization energy, and surface photovoltage for a wide range of compositions ranging from Na_0.1Si₁₃₆ to Na₂₃Si₁₃₆. Our findings reveal that the semiconducting properties and potential as solar cell absorbers are dramatically dependent on the Na concentration, with nearly Na-free cages showing the most promise for device applications.","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142264101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Evaluation of the Mixed Conducting Co0.6Mn0.4Al1.6Fe0.4O4-Sm0.2Ce0.8O2 Heterostructure Composite Electrolyte Membrane in SOFC and SOEC Mode","authors":"Yiwang Dong, M.A.K Yousaf Shah, Najah Alwadie, Naveed Mushtaq, Muhammad Ahsan Masood, Muhammad Yousaf, Yuzheng Lu, Changhong Deng","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c00491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c00491","url":null,"abstract":"A significant improvement in ionic conductivity and charge transportation, coupled with a low activation energy at low operating temperatures, would significantly enhance the widespread application of low-temperature solid oxide electrolysis (450–550 °C). Following this, here we designed an intriguing composite semiconductor heterostructure powder composed of a spine-like structure of Co_0.6Mn_0.4Fe_0.4Al_1.6O₄ (CMFA) and Sm_0.2Ce_0.8O₂ (SDC) that serves as an effective electrolyte membrane for SOFCs (solid oxide fuel cells) and SOECs (solid oxide electrolysis cells). The composite heterostructure is designed to enhance the fuel cell and electrolysis performance, especially at low operational temperatures. The designed CMFA-SDC heterostructure functions as an electrolyte and NCAL functions as electrodes for SOFC and SOEC. In SOEC mode, the composite heterostructure delivers a high current density of 1.32 A/cm² with an applied constant voltage of 1.6 V at 550 °C. Besides, in fuel cell mode, the composite electrolyte delivers a peak power density (PPD) of 980 mW/cm² at 550 °C. This fuel and electrolysis cell, which utilizes lithium compounds as electrodes, has great promise as oxide ion conductive low-temperature SOFC and SOEC, as demonstrated by its exceptional power density and hydrogen production capability. The CMFA-SDC heterostructure composite’s increased ionic conduction was studied by utilizing a variety of transmission and spectroscopic methods, including X-ray diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy in the visible range. Moreover, the conduction mechanism based on the heterojunction and built-in electric field has been presented in detail. These findings suggest that the heterostructure approach is practical for the LT-SOECs.","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Electrolyte Composition on Biphasic Structural Electrolytes for Laminated Structural Batteries","authors":"Lynn M. Schneider, Anastasia Riazanova, Dan Zenkert, Göran Lindbergh","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c01810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c01810","url":null,"abstract":"Bicontinuous solid–liquid electrolytes can combine high ionic conduction with high mechanical performance and provide an opportunity to realize laminated structural batteries. Polymerization-induced phase separation is a facile one pot reaction to make these electrolytes. It is a versatile method but requires control over the complex interaction of various parameters to tune the morphologies and properties of biphasic electrolytes as it is highly system dependent. This study examines the effects of thiol–ene chemistry and parameters such as porogen type and content, thiol content, and salt concentration in the liquid electrolyte, linking these factors to their curing behavior, morphology, and multifunctional properties. We present a toolbox showing how different morphologies and properties can be reached by changing these parameters. The porogen type and a 10% increase in the porogen content affected ionic conductivity by an order of magnitude. Thiol–ene chemistry accelerates the curing process but reduces mechanical properties while slightly increasing the ionic conductivities for small amounts of thiol. The best negative structural electrode, containing carbon fibers as negative electrode, showed increased rate capability compared to previous work and a discharge capacity of 219 mA h g^–1 at a current density of 18 mA g^–1 (∼0.08C). The results also indicate the potential of applying the concept of highly concentrated electrolytes in structural electrodes to improve safety and capacity retention while maintaining high specific capacities and good rate capability. Interestingly, the increased ionic conductivity of the electrolyte does not always imply an improved electrochemical performance of the structural electrode.","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acid-Doping Induced Phase Separation for Shaping Phase Morphology and Enhancing Performance of Polymer Electrolyte Membranes","authors":"Joseph Jang, Do-Hyung Kim, Chanho Pak, Jae-Suk Lee","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.4c01547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.4c01547","url":null,"abstract":"The control of nanostructure and phase morphology within electrolytes is crucial in determining the performance of electrochemical devices, such as high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs). Random copolymers have been extensively utilized in this field due to their straightforward synthetic methods compared to block copolymers. However, achieving precise control over the nanostructure of these random copolymers is challenging, owing to the irregular distribution of hydrophilic and hydrophobic segments along their backbone. Herein, we introduce the acid doping-induced phase separation of random copolymers containing basic moieties driven by base–acid interaction with phosphoric acid (PA). Small-angle X-ray scattering analysis revealed that increased functionalization led to phase separation and inversion, indicative of dispersed PA distribution, impacting membrane morphology and phase dynamics. The phase morphology control improves proton conductivity and PA retention up to 130% and 260% increases, respectively, resulting in a significant enhancement in power density, a 20% boost to 200 mW/cm².","PeriodicalId":4,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}