Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society最新文献_第7页

Reference conditions for old-growth pine forests in the Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain 上西海湾沿岸平原原始松林的参考条件

IF 0.3 4区生物学

Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society Pub Date : 2002-10-01 DOI: 10.2307/3088699

D. Bragg

{"title":"Reference conditions for old-growth pine forests in the Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain","authors":"D. Bragg","doi":"10.2307/3088699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3088699","url":null,"abstract":"DON C. BKAGG (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station). Reference conditions for old-growth pine forests in the Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain. J. Torrcy. Bot. Sot. 129: 261-288. 2002.-Ecosystem restoration has become an important component of forest management, especially on public lands. Howeber, determination of manageable reference conditions has lagged behind the interest. This paper oresents a case studv from Dine-dominated forests in the Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain NJWGCP), with special . . emphasis on southern Arkansas. Decades of forest management, fire exclusion, exotic species invasion, and other ecological changes have converted the small remnants of mature shortleaf (Pirius echirm/cl Mill.) and loblolly pine (Pinus trteda L.) stands into ineffectual models for restoring presettlement-like conditions. However, sufficient information can be gathered from available references to more reliably describe the boundaries of the desired reference environment. Early explorer accounts, maps, survey records, historical trade and technical publications, and modern scientific journals were consulted to reconstruct presettlement (pre1900) forest conditions for pine-dominated landscapes of the UWGCP On average, virgin UWGCP pine forests had considerably more shortleaf pine (especially in the uplands) than contemporary natural stands, with relatively low basal area and standing volume concentrated in large trees. Presettlement pine timber also had less uniform structural and spatial patterns than modern examples of mature pine. Assuming most of the critical processes ilre still present, it appears possible to recreate the compositional and structural attributes of virgin pine forests.","PeriodicalId":49977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society","volume":"123 1","pages":"261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2002-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/3088699","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68729569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 45

Macrogeographic allozyme variation in Passiflora incarnata 西番莲的大地理等位酶变异

IF 0.3 4区生物学

Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society Pub Date : 2002-10-01 DOI: 10.2307/3088703

S. Foré, T. Spira

{"title":"Macrogeographic allozyme variation in Passiflora incarnata","authors":"S. Foré, T. Spira","doi":"10.2307/3088703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3088703","url":null,"abstract":"the southern United States and common in old fields and roadsides. This herbaceous, perennial vine has hermaphroditic flowers yet is self-incompatible. Large bees pollinate these flowers that produce fruits that may be eaten by mammals. Although the mode of sexual reproduction suggests the potential for long distance dispersal of genes, this species also displays extensive vegetative reproduction from rhizomes. Vegetative reproduction may reduce the amount of genetic variation within a population and increase differentiation among populations. We report on the macrogeographic allozymic variation within P. incarnata. Plants were collected from three regions in South Carolina (SC) and Georgia (GA). Genetic data were collected from nine polymorphic loci with starch gel electrophoresis of allozymes. In our sample of 168 plants from SC and GA, we observed 82 different multilocus genotypes. Plants with the same multilocus genotype were collected within and among regions. Genetic data indicated that there was little genetic differentiation among regions. These data suggest that there is extensive long distance transport of genes and that the species may rely heavily on sexual reproduction to establish new habitat.","PeriodicalId":49977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society","volume":"129 1","pages":"326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2002-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/3088703","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68729640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The vascular flora of the Hempstead Harbor Shoreline Trail Natural Area, Long Island, New York1 纽约长岛亨普斯特德港海岸线小径自然区的维管植物群

IF 0.3 4区生物学

Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society Pub Date : 2002-10-01 DOI: 10.2307/3088706

E. Morgan, J. Bot

{"title":"The vascular flora of the Hempstead Harbor Shoreline Trail Natural Area, Long Island, New York1","authors":"E. Morgan, J. Bot","doi":"10.2307/3088706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3088706","url":null,"abstract":"MORGAN, ERIC C. (Clark Botanic Garden, 193 IU Willets Rd, Albertson, NY 11507). The vascular flora of the Hempstead Harbor Shoreline Trail Natural Area, Long Island, New York. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 129: 359-362. 2002.-The Hempstead Harbor Shoreline Trail is located in the Town of North Hempstead, Nassau County, Long Island NY. Restoration of the site, concentrating on the removal of alien species, began in September 2001. This flora provides a baseline record of the species present at the onset of restoration. This study is exclusively based upon voucher collections made by the author from September 1998 through October 1999 records the flora of several different habitats including successional woodlands, salt marsh, disturbed clearings, and old field successional areas found at the site. Listed are 60 families, 131 genera, and 168 species. The largest families are the Poaceae (27 species), Asteraceae (25), Fabaceae (9) and Rosaceae (8). Together, these four families comprise roughly 41% of the species present. Three species, Cenchrus tribuloides L., Suaeda linearis Elliot (Moq), and Agastache scrophulariifolia (Willd.) Kuntze. found on site have been designated as rare in NYS.","PeriodicalId":49977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society","volume":"129 1","pages":"359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2002-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/3088706","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68729709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Soil texture, land-use intensity, and vegetation of Fort Benning upland forest sites1 本宁堡高地森林立地土壤质地、土地利用强度与植被

IF 0.3 4区生物学

Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society Pub Date : 2002-10-01 DOI: 10.2307/3088700

J. Dilustro, B. Collins, L. Duncan, R. Sharitz, B. Collins, L. Duncan, R. Sharitz

{"title":"Soil texture, land-use intensity, and vegetation of Fort Benning upland forest sites1","authors":"J. Dilustro, B. Collins, L. Duncan, R. Sharitz, B. Collins, L. Duncan, R. Sharitz","doi":"10.2307/3088700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3088700","url":null,"abstract":"intervals) and differ in soil texture (from sandy to clayey) and intensity of military training (lighter dismounted infantry vs. heavier mechanized training). We characterized surface soil texture and land-use disturbance of 32 sites, each 400 m X 400 m, and asked if canopy and ground layer community measures (species composition and richness, basal area, abundance) differed among sites on the basis of soil texture or land-use. There was significant interaction between land-use and soil texture, with a gradient of soil texture (% clay) from clayey sites within light training areas, to sandy sites in heavier training areas. Road-like features, including active and remnant trails, roads, and vehicle tracks or trails were the most frequent and abundant disturbance feature. Number of disturbance features per site did not differ among land-use/surface soil texture categories. Differences in ground layer and canopy composition among sites reflected disturbance intensity; differences in canopy composition also reflected the proportion of pine. Species richness of ground layer vegetation differed among surface soil texture/land-use categories. There was a richness gradient from heavily disturbed sites with clayey soil, through lightly disturbed sites, to heavily disturbed sites with sandy soil. Our results suggest upland pineoak-hickory forests at Fort Benning range from sandhills scrub oak-pine to pine-hardwood to oak-hickory dominated forests, with greater species diversity in the ground layer of clayey sites. Forestry practices and disturbances associated with mechanized military training favor pine dominance, and maintain open-site, successional or fire-tolerant species in the ground layer. Although intense management toward pine monocultures can reduce within-stand diversity, federal installations such as Fort Benning may help conserve pine-oak-hickory forests in the rapidly developing Sandhills region.","PeriodicalId":49977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society","volume":"129 1","pages":"289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2002-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/3088700","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68729580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 47

Inferring nativity and biogeographic affinities of central and marginal populations of Froelichia floridana (Amaranthaceae) from Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers1 利用ISSR标记推断佛罗里达苋科中心和边缘居群的原生性和生物地理亲缘性[j]

IF 0.3 4区生物学

Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society Pub Date : 2002-10-01 DOI: 10.2307/3088702

Ross A. McCauley, H. Ballard

{"title":"Inferring nativity and biogeographic affinities of central and marginal populations of Froelichia floridana (Amaranthaceae) from Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers1","authors":"Ross A. McCauley, H. Ballard","doi":"10.2307/3088702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3088702","url":null,"abstract":"and southeastern United States. We analyzed the biogeographic patterns of this species to answer a series of questions regarding its historical dispersal and recent range expansion, and the relationships of a disjunct population in southern Ohio using a combination of genetic analyses based on Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat markers (ISSR) and herbarium studies. Amounts of genetic diversity showed a marked reduction in marginal populations in the far north and northeast of the species range, corresponding to areas where herbarium records show the species has become naturalized during the past 100 years. Our analysis suggests the recognition of three biogeographic lineages within this polymorphic species complex: a Great Plains lineage, an associated Midwestern Mississippian lineage, and an Atlantic Coastal Plain lineage. These lineages have been loosely recognized as taxonomic varieties: the western lineages as F. floridana var. campestris (Small) Fern., and the eastern lineage as F. floridana var. floridana (Nutt.) Moq.; however, our data suggest that the continued recognition of these varieties is not warranted. The disjunct population in Ohio, formerly believed to be a remnant of a once larger distribution and presently state-listed as a rare species, shows patterns of genetic diversity and differentiation comparable to recently established marginal populations in other states, and was most likely derived from the Great Plains or Midwestern lineages.","PeriodicalId":49977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society","volume":"129 1","pages":"311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2002-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/3088702","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68729628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Vascular Flora of Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge, Long Island, New York 纽约长岛牙买加湾野生动物保护区的维管植物群

IF 0.3 4区生物学

Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society Pub Date : 2002-10-01 DOI: 10.2307/3088705

R. Stalter, E. Lamont

引用次数: 26

Effects of inbreeding in three populations of the dioecious annual Amaranthus cannabinus (Amaranthaceae)1 雌雄异株一年生苋属植物的近交效应[j]

IF 0.3 4区生物学

Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society Pub Date : 2002-10-01 DOI: 10.2307/3088701

M. R. Bram

引用次数: 7

Life form, habitat, and nutritional mode of the flowering plants of central French Guiana 法属圭亚那中部开花植物的生命形式、栖息地和营养模式

IF 0.3 4区生物学

Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society Pub Date : 2002-10-01 DOI: 10.2307/3088704

S. Mori, E. F. Hecklau, T. Kirchgessner

{"title":"Life form, habitat, and nutritional mode of the flowering plants of central French Guiana","authors":"S. Mori, E. F. Hecklau, T. Kirchgessner","doi":"10.2307/3088704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3088704","url":null,"abstract":"MoRI, S. A., E. F HECKLAU, AND T. KIRCHGESSNER (The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York 10458-5126). Life form, habitat, and nutritional mode of the flowering plants of central French Guiana. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 129: 331-345. 2002.-The flowering plants of central French Guiana comprise 1918 native species, including 549 species of herbs, 44 species of vines, 45 species of subshrubs, 269 species of shrubs, 245 species of lianas, and 766 species of trees. The habitat of the flowering plants of central French Guiana is primarily terrestrial. A total of 1653 species or 86% of the flora occurs in this habitat. However, the reproductive cycles of a majority of the flowering plants of central French Guiana take place in the crowns of trees. When the number of species of trees is added to the numbers of epiphytes, hemi-epiphytes, and aerial endophytes, tree crowns are the site of about 68% of the flowering plant reproductive activity in this forest. Heterotrophic vascular plants, with 36 species, make up 1.9% of the flora; 98.1% of the flowering plants of central French Guiana are autotrophs. Because of differences in definitions and lack of standardization in sampling, it is difficult to make valid comparisons with studies made in other geographic areas. We address the first problem by providing a glossary of terms used to describe the life form, habitat, and nutritional mode of plants and urge others to develop standardized sampling protocols.","PeriodicalId":49977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society","volume":"129 1","pages":"331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2002-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/3088704","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68729690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

The role of canopy gaps in maintaining vascular plant diversity at a forested wetland in New York State1 纽约州森林湿地冠层间隙在维持维管植物多样性中的作用[j]

IF 0.3 4区生物学

Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society Pub Date : 2002-07-01 DOI: 10.2307/3088774

K. Anderson, D. Leopold

{"title":"The role of canopy gaps in maintaining vascular plant diversity at a forested wetland in New York State1","authors":"K. Anderson, D. Leopold","doi":"10.2307/3088774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3088774","url":null,"abstract":"conifer swamp. Our study site, Nelson Swamp, has high documented species richness and supports a large number of state-protected species. Understory cover and species richness at both the quadrat and gap scale were compared among closed canopy areas and gaps in three size classes. To assess differences in the understory environment among the three size classes, we compared light, hydrology, and microtopography. We also tested for correlations between gap species richness and light, wetness, and microsite heterogeneity to determine which aspects of the gap environment might influence vascular plant diversity therein. There was higher quadrat- and gap-level species richness in gaps than in closed canopy areas. Small gaps did not appear to offer a physical environment substantially different from non-gaps, as no differences in their understory communities were apparent. Mid-sized and large gaps had higher species richness, substrate heterogeneity, and water table fluctuation than small gaps. Based on the correlations, the individual factors influencing species richness at the gap scale were depth to water, water level fluctuation, and microtopographic variability, indicating the importance of hydrology over light as a species control. Although gaps and non-gaps shared many of the same species, there were distinct subsets of species that were more important in either type of community. Based on these subsets, closed canopy areas and large gaps can be viewed as two ends of a continuum corresponding to light and hydrology gradients. Out of all the species encountered, 10 percent were found exclusively in gaps, and none were found only under closed canopy. Thus, these gaps are not only sites of higher overall plant growth, but also areas that allow rare species to persist.","PeriodicalId":49977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society","volume":"33 1","pages":"238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2002-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/3088774","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68730653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 49

Dendrochronological investigation of disturbance history for a native American site in Northwestern Pennsylvania 宾夕法尼亚州西北部一个美洲原住民遗址干扰史的树木年代学调查

IF 0.3 4区生物学

Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society Pub Date : 2002-07-01 DOI: 10.2307/3088775

C. Ruffner, M. Abrams, M. Charles

{"title":"Dendrochronological investigation of disturbance history for a native American site in Northwestern Pennsylvania","authors":"C. Ruffner, M. Abrams, M. Charles","doi":"10.2307/3088775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3088775","url":null,"abstract":"RUFFNER, CHARLES M. AND MARC D. ABRAMS (School of Forest Resources, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802). Dendrochronological investigation of disturbance history for a native American site in Northwestern Pennsylvania. J. Torrey Bot. Soc. 129: 251-260. 2002.-Dendrochronological methods were used to identify the disturbance history of a Late Woodland Seneca Iroqouis settlement in northwestern Pennsylvania. The impacts of aboriginal disturbance on the landscape are widely speculative and few studies have attempted to characterize these disturbances. Increment cores taken from a 426 year old white oak forest remnant yielded information on the disturbance regime on this site during Native American (Late Woodland 1550-1700; Historic 1700-1800) and European (post 1800) settlement periods. Disturbances during the early and late native periods were more synchronous and of lower intensity (increase in growth rate) with a disturbance free interval (DFI) of 26.2 ? 4.0 years and 11.0 ? 0.7 years (mean ? SE), respectively. The shorter return interval during the later native period is attributed to the increased population pressure at this site due to immigration of natives in the face of European expansion from the eastern seaboard. The disturbance regime following European settlement is significantly longer with a DFI of 28.5 ? 2.8 years, representing the selective removal of merchantable timber for the sawmill located at the site. Although investigated, no climatic variables showed significant correlation with tree growth to explain these patterns. This study represents a rare opportunity to document the changes in disturbance regime between two drastically different cultures and land uses.","PeriodicalId":49977,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society","volume":"13 1","pages":"251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2002-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2307/3088775","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68730669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 26