Journal of Vector Ecology最新文献_第7页

Biological parameters and estimation of the vectorial capacity of two subspecies of Triatoma protracta (Uhler) and their laboratory hybrids in Mexico 墨西哥两个长柄三角虫亚种及其实验室杂交种的生物学参数和媒介能力估计

IF 1.7 3区农林科学

Journal of Vector Ecology Pub Date : 2021-11-04 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-46.2.148

J. Martínez-Ibarra, Miguel Alejandro Cárdenas-Sosa, O. Montañez-Valdez, J. Michel-Parra, B. Nogueda-Torres

{"title":"Biological parameters and estimation of the vectorial capacity of two subspecies of Triatoma protracta (Uhler) and their laboratory hybrids in Mexico","authors":"J. Martínez-Ibarra, Miguel Alejandro Cárdenas-Sosa, O. Montañez-Valdez, J. Michel-Parra, B. Nogueda-Torres","doi":"10.52707/1081-1710-46.2.148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52707/1081-1710-46.2.148","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Chagas disease is one of the most important vector-borne diseases in Latin America. Studying the biological parameters of each vector species or subspecies contributes to our understanding of their epidemiologic importance. The aim of our study was to compare the biological parameters and start to estimate the vectorial capacity of Triatoma protracta protracta Ryckman, T. p. nahuatlae Ryckman, and their laboratory hybrids. Specifically, we estimated nine biological parameters to increase knowledge about the potential role of triatomine hybrids in the transmission of T. cruzi to reservoir hosts. Nine biological parameters related to the lifecycle, feeding and defecation patterns, number of females, fecundity, and egg eclosion rates in cohorts of T. p. protracta, T. p. nahuatlae, and their hybrids were evaluated and compared. Eight parameters (exception: number of laid eggs) indicated that T. p. nahuatlae was a potentially effective vector of T. cruzi. Our results showed that the hybrid cohorts had better fitness and could potentially have higher vectorial capacity than the parental cohorts. The outstanding characteristics of the hybrids found in our study could lead to an increase in the epidemiologic risks caused by transmission of T. cruzi to humans.","PeriodicalId":49961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41539910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Establishment of Amblyomma americanum populations and new records of Borrelia burgdorferi-infected Ixodes scapularis in South Dakota 南达科他美洲钝眼虫种群的建立及感染伯氏疏螺旋体的肩关节伊蚊新记录

IF 1.7 3区农林科学

Journal of Vector Ecology Pub Date : 2021-11-04 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-46.2.143

Holly Black, Rashaun A Potts, J. Fiechtner, J. Pietri, H. Britten

{"title":"Establishment of Amblyomma americanum populations and new records of Borrelia burgdorferi-infected Ixodes scapularis in South Dakota","authors":"Holly Black, Rashaun A Potts, J. Fiechtner, J. Pietri, H. Britten","doi":"10.52707/1081-1710-46.2.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52707/1081-1710-46.2.143","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Tick-borne diseases are an emerging public health threat in the United States, but surveillance is lacking in some regions. To advance current knowledge of the ecology of ticks and tick-borne diseases in South Dakota, we conducted a survey in the summer of 2019, focusing on the eastern counties of the state. We collected and identified 266 ticks and a subset were tested for the presence of Borrelia burgdorferi by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Dermacentor variabilis, a ubiquitous species in the state, was the most commonly identified tick, present in all counties surveyed. However, we also identified 15 Amblyomma americanum from three different locations, providing the first evidence of established populations in the state and expanding the range of this species. In addition, we identified 22 Ixodes scapularis from five different locations, confirming a previous report of an established population in the state. Two adult I. scapularis from two different sites were found to harbor B. burgdorferi, including an individual from Lincoln County, suggesting the ongoing presence of the pathogen in tick populations in the state and representing its southwestern-most detection in the midwest United States. These findings provide important information for assessing and monitoring the public health risk from tick-borne diseases in an area where surveillance is lacking.","PeriodicalId":49961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48050719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Assessment of the potential establishment of Lyme endemic cycles in Mexico 对在墨西哥建立莱姆病流行周期的可能性的评估

IF 1.7 3区农林科学

Journal of Vector Ecology Pub Date : 2021-11-04 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-46.2.207

C. González-Salazar, C. Stephens, Anny K. Meneses-Mosquera

{"title":"Assessment of the potential establishment of Lyme endemic cycles in Mexico","authors":"C. González-Salazar, C. Stephens, Anny K. Meneses-Mosquera","doi":"10.52707/1081-1710-46.2.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52707/1081-1710-46.2.207","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Although Lyme disease is currently classified as exotic in Mexico, recent studies have suggested that it might be endemic there. We assessed the potential risk for the establishment of Borrelia burgdorferi transmission in Mexico. To identify the potential routes of B. burgdorferi spread, Complex Inference Networks were used initially to identify potential vector-host interactions between hard ticks (Ixodes) and migratory birds in the U.S., and a model for predicting the most important potential bird hosts of hard ticks was then obtained. By using network metrics, keystone-vectors were identified as those species with highest connectivity within and between network communities and had the potential to keep the pathogen circulating with many birds and to be dispersed to several regions. The climatic profile where these interactions occur in the U.S. was characterized and a geographic model for each keystone-vector was built. The accuracy of these models to predict areas where hard ticks have been reported positive for B. burgdorferi allows one to identify areas of greater risk of Lyme disease emergence. These hard tick-bird interactions and their climatic profile were mapped into the winter ranges of birds in Mexico. Thus, those regions in Mexico with the highest potential for becoming endemic areas of Lyme disease through the arrival of hard ticks and birds infected by B. burgdorferi were identified. These areas are candidates for future surveillance programs.","PeriodicalId":49961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45329115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Alan Clements Physiologist and Scholar 1927-2020 Alan Clements物理学家和学者1927-2020

IF 1.7 3区农林科学

Journal of Vector Ecology Pub Date : 2021-11-04 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-46.2.122

Gabriella Gibson

引用次数: 0

Susceptibility dynamics between five Trypanosoma cruzi strains and three triatomine (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) species 五株克鲁兹锥虫与三种三胺虫（半翅目：红蝇科）的易感性动态

IF 1.7 3区农林科学

Journal of Vector Ecology Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.82

José Miguel Padilla-Valdez, Alberto Antonio-Campos, Jorge A. Arias-del-Angel, Nancy Rivas, R. Alejandre-Aguilar

{"title":"Susceptibility dynamics between five Trypanosoma cruzi strains and three triatomine (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) species","authors":"José Miguel Padilla-Valdez, Alberto Antonio-Campos, Jorge A. Arias-del-Angel, Nancy Rivas, R. Alejandre-Aguilar","doi":"10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.82","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: American trypanosomiasis is a zoonosis caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and is transmitted mainly by blood-sucking insects belonging to the subfamily Triatominae. The importance of this parasite lies in its wide geographical distribution, high morbidity, and the fact that there has not yet been an effective treatment or vaccine. Previous studies have detailed the interactions between different triatomine species and T. cruzi strains. However, the factors necessary to establish infection in triatomines have not yet been fully elucidated. Furthermore, it is postulated that the coexistence between the parasite and triatomines could modulate the susceptibility to infection in these insects. Accordingly, in this study, we evaluated the susceptibility to T. cruzi infection in the species Triatoma (Meccus) pallidipennis, Triatoma barberi, and Triatoma lecticularia, which were infected with Ninoa, H8, INC-5, Sontecomapan, and Hueypoxtla strains. The criteria used to establish susceptibility were the amount of blood ingested by the insects, percentage of infected triatomines, concentration of parasites in feces, and percentage of metacyclic trypomastigotes in feces. These parameters were analyzed by fresh examination and differential count with Giemsa-stained smears. Our main findings suggest the following order of susceptibility concerning infection with T. cruzi: T. lecticularia > T. barberi > T. (Meccus) pallidipennis. Furthermore, the study concludes that an increased susceptibility to infection of triatomines that share the same geographic region with different strains of T. cruzi is not always a fact.","PeriodicalId":49961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45597748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Characterization of life-history parameters of an Anopheles funestus (Diptera: Culicidae) laboratory strain 一种富氏按蚊(双翅目:库蚊科)实验室菌株生活史参数的表征

IF 1.7 3区农林科学

Journal of Vector Ecology Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.24

M. P. Zengenene, G. Munhenga, Glory Chidumwa, L. Koekemoer

{"title":"Characterization of life-history parameters of an Anopheles funestus (Diptera: Culicidae) laboratory strain","authors":"M. P. Zengenene, G. Munhenga, Glory Chidumwa, L. Koekemoer","doi":"10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.24","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: The colonization of the African malaria vector Anopheles funestus has been hampered by inadequate knowledge of its mating and development under laboratory conditions. Life-tables are routinely used to provide baseline biological characteristics needed for colonization. This study characterized age-specific life-table attributes of an existing An. funestus laboratory strain to gain insight into factors that are critical for its colonization. To achieve this, the An. funestus laboratory strain was reared from eggs to adulthood under standard insectary conditions, monitoring and characterizing each developmental stage. The mean insemination rate of females was 74.8% with an average egg load of 67.1 eggs/female and a mean fertility of 86.7%. The mean developmental time from 1st instar larvae (L1) to pupation was 16.4 days. The mean proportion of L1 that survived to pupation was 72.9%. On average, 78.8% of the pupae successfully eclosed as adults. The median longevity for adult males and females was 44 and 28 days, respectively. This work constitutes the first report on life-table characterization of an An. funestus strain. The larval developmental time was within the range reported for wild An. funestus while adult longevity was higher compared to survivorship observed in wild populations. These data demonstrate that the colonized An. funestus strain has potential to be re-colonized under standard insectary conditions. The study provides base-line information for further studies on identifying critical parameters for the maintenance of An. funestus under artificial conditions.","PeriodicalId":49961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44599985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

First records of five species of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Galicia, including the first evidence of the genus Coquillettidia in northwestern Spain 加利西亚首次记录五种蚊(双翅目:库蚊科)，包括在西班牙西北部首次发现Coquillettidia属

IF 1.7 3区农林科学

Journal of Vector Ecology Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.96

Yasmina Martínez-Barciela, Alejandro Polina González, David Gutiérrez Rial, Josefina Garrido González

{"title":"First records of five species of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Galicia, including the first evidence of the genus Coquillettidia in northwestern Spain","authors":"Yasmina Martínez-Barciela, Alejandro Polina González, David Gutiérrez Rial, Josefina Garrido González","doi":"10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.96","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: We present the first records of Coquillettidia (Coquillettidia) buxtoni (Edwards, 1923) (n=15), Culex (Neoculex) impudicus Ficalbi, 1890 (n=12), Culex (Neoculex) territans Walker, 1856 (n=52), Culiseta (Culicella) fumipennis (Stephens, 1825) (n=535), and Culiseta (Culicella) morsitans (Theobald, 1901) (n=54) in the Autonomous Community of Galicia (NW Spain), including the first evidence of the genus Coquillettidia Dyar, 1904 in the northwest of Spain. The field research was carried out in different water ecosystems (ponds, streams, rivers, lakes, and lagoons) belonging to 39 zones throughout the entire Galician territory. The samples were collected intermittently and seasonally through different projects of water quality monitoring between 1998 and 2018. A total of 1,614 mosquito larvae have been analyzed, and 668 of them were identified as species not previously recorded in Galicia. Between 1999 and 2003, the first catches of these species were obtained and since then, more specimens have been detected in different wetlands of Galicia, mainly in spring and summer.","PeriodicalId":49961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41959669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Invasive woody plants as foci of tick-borne pathogens: eastern redcedar in the southern Great Plains 入侵木本植物是蜱传病原体的焦点：大平原南部的东部红雪松

IF 1.7 3区农林科学

Journal of Vector Ecology Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.12

B. Noden, E. Tanner, J. Polo, S. Fuhlendorf

{"title":"Invasive woody plants as foci of tick-borne pathogens: eastern redcedar in the southern Great Plains","authors":"B. Noden, E. Tanner, J. Polo, S. Fuhlendorf","doi":"10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.12","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Habitat preference and usage by disease vectors are directly correlated with landscapes often undergoing anthropogenic environmental change. A predominant type of land use change occurring in the United States is the expansion of native and non-native woody plant species in grasslands, but little is known regarding the impact of this expansion on regional vector-borne disease transmission. In this study, we focused on the impact of expanding eastern redcedar (Juniperus virginiana; ERC) and tested two hypotheses involving relationships between habitat preferences of adult tick species in rural habitats in central Oklahoma. Using CO2 traps, we collected ticks from two densities of ERC and grassland and screened adult ticks for the presence of pathogen DNA. We found support for our first hypothesis with significantly more Amblyomma americanum (Linnaeus) and Dermacentor variabilis (Say) collected in ERC habitats than in grassland. Our second hypothesis was also supported, as Ehrlichia- and Rickettsia-infected A. americanum were significantly more likely to be collected from ERC habitats than grassland. As the first evidence that links woody plant encroachment with important tick-borne pathogens in the continental United States, these results have important ramifications involving human and companion animal risk for encountering pathogen-infected ticks in the southern Great Plains.","PeriodicalId":49961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44949203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Life cycle of Triatoma huehuetenanguensis Lima-Cordón, Monroy, Stevens, Rodas, Rodas, Dorn, Justi 2019 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from Mexico 墨西哥胡埃特南格Triatoma huehuetenanguensis Lima Cordón、Monroy、Stevens、Rodas、Rodas，Dorn、Justi 2019的生命周期

IF 1.7 3区农林科学

Journal of Vector Ecology Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.57

J. Michel-Parra, J. Martínez-Ibarra, O. Montañez-Valdez, B. Nogueda-Torres

{"title":"Life cycle of Triatoma huehuetenanguensis Lima-Cordón, Monroy, Stevens, Rodas, Rodas, Dorn, Justi 2019 (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) from Mexico","authors":"J. Michel-Parra, J. Martínez-Ibarra, O. Montañez-Valdez, B. Nogueda-Torres","doi":"10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.57","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Several important biological parameters for estimating the vectorial capacity of a triatomine species were determined on a Mexican population of the recently described Triatoma huehuetenanguensis Lima-Cordón, Monroy, Stevens, Rodas, Rodas, Dorn, Justi (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae). The biological parameters were the egg-to-adult development time, number of blood meals required for molting, cumulative mortality, onset time for feeding, feeding and defecation behaviors, and fertility and fecundity of T. huehuetenanguensis. The median egg-to-adult development time was 253 days, with 11 blood meals required for molting. A cumulative mortality rate of 47.41% was observed. The time to begin feeding was between 2.5 and 3.5 min. Feeding times were longer than 15 min. The highest percentages of defecation delays were 1 to 10 min in all nymphal instars and also in males. In contrast, significantly (P < 0.01) more females defecated while eating. At the end of the cycle, the percentage of the obtained females was 54.9%. The mean number of eggs laid per day per female for a month was 2.08. These eggs had an eclosion rate of 98.08%, with an incubation period of 19 days. Our results contribute to estimations of the potential role of T. huehuetenanguensis in the transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi in its distribution area.","PeriodicalId":49961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46985073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Biological traits of wild-caught populations of Aedes aegypti in dengue endemic and non-endemic regions of Kenya 肯尼亚登革热流行区和非流行区野生埃及伊蚊种群的生物学特性

IF 1.7 3区农林科学

Journal of Vector Ecology Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.19

C. Wanjiku, D. Tchouassi, C. Sole, C. Pirk, B. Torto

{"title":"Biological traits of wild-caught populations of Aedes aegypti in dengue endemic and non-endemic regions of Kenya","authors":"C. Wanjiku, D. Tchouassi, C. Sole, C. Pirk, B. Torto","doi":"10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.19","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Variation in vector traits can modulate local scale differences in pathogen transmission. Here, we compared seasonal variation in the wing length (proxy for body size) and energy reserves of adult wild-caught Aedes aegypti populations from a dengue endemic (Kilifi) and non-endemic (Isiolo) area of Kenya. Vector sampling in the dengue endemic site was conducted during the dry and wet seasons. In the non-endemic area, it was limited to the dry season which characterizes this ecology where sporadic or no rainfall is commonplace during the year. We found variation by site in the body size of both sexes, with an overall smaller size of Ae. aegypti populations collected from Isiolo than those from Kilifi. Our results show that although total carbohydrates and lipids levels were highest in both sexes during the dry season, they were two-fold higher in males than females. However, we found weak correlations between body size and energy reserves for both sexes, with body size being more sensitive in identifying differences at a population level. These results provide insights into the determinants of the vectoring potential of Ae. aegypti populations in dengue endemic and non-endemic ecologies in Kenya.","PeriodicalId":49961,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Vector Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42303014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0