Medicinskij alfavit最新文献

{"title":"Study of the length of the anterior base of the skull in children from the Moscow region","authors":"S. V. Proskokova, A. E. Pirogov, V. A. Voronetskaya, A. M. Enikeev, K. M. Bogdanova, N. A. Proskokov","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-65-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-65-68","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance . One of the starting points for calculating the parameters of growth and the ratio of the jaws is considered to be the sagittal size of the anterior base of the skull. To this day, many orthodontists are guided by the average values of the anterior skull base, found in 1972. This article is devoted to the study of the comparison of the average statistical sagittal dimensions of the length of the anterior skull base in children of the Moscow region aged 4 to 16 years with occlusal ratios according to the first Angle class in 2023 with the data proposed in the studies of Dr. Jarabak in 1972. Objective. To compare the average sagittal dimensions of the length of the anterior base of the skull in children of the Moscow region aged from 4 to 16 years with occlusal ratios for the first Engl class in 2023 with the data proposed in the studies of Dr. Jarabak in 1972. Materials and methods . The study included 331 people aged 4 to 16 years. The sagittal dimensions of the length of the anterior base of the skull were calculated in the digital program for the analysis of CBCT in children with occlusive ratios in the first class of male and female Engl on the digital X-ray machine Planmeca ProMax 3D Max X-ray diagnostic centers «Golden Section». Results. Male patients of the Moscow region approach the lower limits of the growth value of the anterior base of the skull only by the age of 12 and reach the confident values of the norm proposed by Dr. Jarabak only by the age of 16. And female patients in the Moscow region, for the most part, do not reach the limits of the norm proposed by Dr. Jarabak, lagging in values by 2–3 mm in a smaller direction. Conclusion . It is necessary to calculate and develop norms for Russian children, taking into account racial characteristics, environmental conditions, nutritional conditions, physical and social development, which differ significantly, but at the same time strongly affect the growth and formation of skeletal structures.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"88 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135432299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of inflammatory markers and their diagnostic effectiveness in patients with COVID-19 patients","authors":"S. B. Putkov, N. V. Davydova, S. P. Kazakov","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-23-11-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-23-11-17","url":null,"abstract":"The study examines the relationship between the levels of laboratory serum markers of inflammation and severity in patients with COVID-19.   The purpose of the study. To investigate the mechanisms of interaction of inflammatory markers and calculate their diagnostic effectiveness in patients with COVID-19 in assessing the severity and prognosis of the disease.   Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of the blood of 104 patients aged 20–84 years admitted to the hospital. The patients were divided into groups: group 1 – mild degree (n = 14); group 2 – moderate degree (n = 50); group 3 – severe degree (n = 40). The concentration of procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), presepsin (PSP), proadrenomedullin (MRpro-ADM), ferritin (F), components of the complement system C 3, C 4 were determined using original reagent kits on automated systems.   Results. In the obtained results of primary studies in the general group, an increase in the average values of inflammatory markers from reference values was noted. Correlation analysis revealed reliable direct medium and weak connections between markers of inflammation. Thresholdvalues were obtained when comparing groups with mild and moderate severity for MRpro-ADM, PCT, F, and in the group with moderate and severe severity for PCT, PSP, CRP and IL-6, above which we can talk about the transition of the disease to a moderate and severe degree of the disease, respectively.   Conclusions. Determination of concentration and threshold values with parameters of diagnostic sensitivity of acute-phase markers of inflammation serves as an additional criterion for assessing the severity of the disease, prognosis, monitoring of treatment, but not specific diagnosis and allows you to understand the mechanisms of the immune system response.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"80 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135432690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the antibacterial efficacy of an antiseptic drug activated by low-frequency and high-frequency ultrasound in an experiment","authors":"I. A. Paramonova, A. G. Volkov, N. Zh. Dikopova, M. S. Podporin, Yu. O. Paramonov, I. A. Nikolskaya","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-50-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-50-55","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the work was an experimental study of the effectiveness of activation of an antiseptic drug, using low-frequency and high-frequency ultrasound, against pathogenic microorganisms obtained from periodontal pockets. As a result of automatic cultivation of clinical strains: S. sanguis, P. intermedia, C. albicans, revealed more pronounced antimicrobial effect of Miramistin activated by low-frequency ultrasound (26.5 kHz) compared with the activation of this drug by high-frequency ultrasound (880 kHz). In the treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases, in order to obtain a pronounced antimicrobial effect, preference should be given to the combined effects of low-frequency ultrasound and the antiseptic drug Miramistin 0.01%.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"76 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135433122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variants of the typical variability of alveolar arches in different craniotypes","authors":"B. N. Davydov, D. A. Domenyuk, Z. V. Malysheva, O. O. Ivanyuta, S. D. Domenyuk","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-69-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-69-77","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The implementation of the principles of evidence-based medicine in applied and fundamental research consists in the precision of morphometric measurements in determining the types, dimensions and spatial location of the facial and cerebral parts of the skull. Published scientific data on the variability of morphometric parameters of the alveolar arches are contradictory and heterogeneous due to the lack of definition of interdependencies with gender, age characteristics and individual features of the skull. Goal . Investigation of the regularities between morphometric values and forms of the alveolar arches of the upper jaw in mesocrane, brachycrane and dolichocrane types of the skull. Materials and methods . Morphometry was performed on 93 preparations of skulls with lower jaws of both sexes of the first and second periods of adulthood with physiological types of bite and the shapes of the alveolar arches of the upper jaw were established. Taking into account the value of the transverse-longitudinal index, the skulls of mesocrane (n=54; 58.1%), brachycrane (n=23; 24.7%) and dolichocrane (n=16; 17.2%) types were identified. The length, width, depth and diagonal of the alveolar arches were studied as morphometric parameters. Results. The minimum and maximum limits of fluctuations of values, average statistical indicators, coefficients of variation are determined. The variability of the parameters of the alveolar arches of the upper jaw depending on the shape of the facial skull and gender characteristics was established. It is proved that the smallest values of the depth of the alveolar arch of the upper jaw are noted in brachycranes, the largest – in dolichocrans, while the smallest dimensions of the length, width of the alveolar arch of the upper jaw are determined in dolichocrans, and the largest – in brachycranes, while the smallest diagonal values of the alveolar arch of the upper jaw are revealed in mesocrans. Conclusions . The shape of the alveolar arches in the mesocrane type of skull has a proportional arcuate shape, in brachycrania − an arcuate «wide and short» shape, in dolichocrania − an arcuate «narrow and long» shape. The obtained new data on the variant variability of the alveolar arches should be used when planning treatment tactics for patients with complete adentia.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"87 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135432305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and leptospirosis: Differential diagnosis","authors":"V. I. Starostina, A. Zh. Gilmanov, G. R. Latypova","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-23-46-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-23-46-52","url":null,"abstract":"Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and leptospirosis have similarities and differences in the clinical picture. Fever, intoxication, pronounced kidney damage and hemorrhagic syndrome are observed in both infections. The course of these diseases may be complicated by the development of infectious-toxic shock, acute renal failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation. Clinical manifestations of the syndrome of jaundice and meningitis may be observed in leptospirosis, but are not characteristic of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. In leptospirosis, in contrast to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, liver failure may develop. Infection with these diseases often occurs during a stay in a forest, in a holiday home, in rural areas. The natural foci of these infections may be located on the same territories or border each other, which also complicates the differential diagnostics. The article provides information on the etiology, epidemiology, geographical distribution, pathogenesis, pathological anatomy, clinical picture and diagnostics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and leptospirosis. Based on these data, the pathophysiological, clinical and laboratory aspects of the differential diagnosis between these diseases are analyzed in detail.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"79 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135432694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative characteristics of materials for relining complete removable dentures as part of import substitution","authors":"S. V. Proskokova, A. O. Babaev, D. N. Kutuzov, I. A. Alehin, V. F. Posokhova","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-56-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-56-59","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance . Partial and complete loss of teeth are among the most common dental diseases. According to WHO, up to 75% of the world’s population suffers from them. Complete and partial secondary adentia are complex diseases that have a negative impact on the digestive, endocrine and nervous systems, as well as disrupting many other areas of the patient’s life, including social. Objective . Study of the practical features of using different materials for clinical (direct) relining of removable denture bases, identifying their inherent positive qualities and disadvantages. Materials and methods . During the clinical study, a comparative analysis of materials for direct (clinical) relining of removable dentures was carried out in 3 groups of patients. A total of 45 people took part in the study. The following materials were used: Rebaron (GC, Japan), Rebase II (Tokuyama, Japan), Nolatek (Vladmiva, Russia). Results. It was established that the group of patients with prosthetic relining with Nolatek material showed the best clinical result. Conclusion . The data we obtained allows us to conclude that the modern domestic light-curing polymer composite material Nolatek for clinical relining has a number of operational and clinical-technological advantages over cold polymerization materials.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"88 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135432848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic testing in clinical laboratory diagnostics: Present and future","authors":"S. N. Shcherbo, D. S. Shcherbo, A. A. Novikov, M. I. Savina, T. I. Turkina","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-23-65-70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-23-65-70","url":null,"abstract":"Authors discuss the current state and prospects for the development of genetic testing in clinical laboratory diagnostics, recent nucleic acids sequencing technologies, their advantages and applications. Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have become a standard practice in identifying SNPs to determine disease susceptibility, this approach has limitations. A novel approach is proposed: integrative genome-wide association analysis (iGWAS), which relies on gene expression information to investigate the associations between SNPs and disease phenotype. Numerous studies have shown that iGWAS can significantly facilitate the search for genetic correlations and is superior to a method that relies only on the search for SNPs. Genetic testing will facilitate the molecular-based reclassification of human diseases. Authors describe the technical aspects of nanopore sequencing, the development of an iPhone app to complement miniature sequencing devices, and the world’s first mobile genomic sequence analyzer, iGenomics.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"79 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135433251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretation of results of automated analysis of pleural effusion (clinical cases)","authors":"I. B. Baranovskaya, K. A. Kotivets, I. P. Sysoeva","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-23-40-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-23-40-45","url":null,"abstract":"Automated analysis of effusion fluids, providing a large amount of objective information about a biological sample, has significantly expanded the diagnostic capabilities of the cytological service. At the same time, there are currently no unified algorithms for interpreting the obtained data. The aim of the work was to develop, based on the results of automated analysis of pleural fluids, alternative predictions of the genesis of the effusion (benign / malignant). The study was carried out on the basis of the Clinical Regional Hospital No. 2 in Krasnodar (Russia). The results of automated analysis of biological fluids obtained using the Sysmex XN analyzer were compared with the data of cytological, laboratory and instrumental studies. The article presents some of our own developments that can serve as indicative criteria for interpreting the results of automated analysis of biological fluids. It has been established that in terms of differential diagnosis of the genesis of effusion, the indicators of total cytosis (TC-BF) and the absolute content of highly fluorescent mononuclear cells (HF-BF#) are the most informative. Accounting for clinical data, results of laboratory and instrumental studies increases the informative value of automated analysis of biological fluids.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135475515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure of pathology in vulva area","authors":"S. I. Surkichin, L. S. Kruglova, I. A. Apolikhina","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-24-7-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-24-7-9","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes the structure of morbidity in the vulvar area in women 45–72 years old, and analyzes the frequency of discrepancies in diagnoses among dermatovenerologists and gynecologists. It has been established that nonspecific vulvitis / vulvovaginitis (23%), lichen sclerosus (20%), genitourinary menopausal syndrome (20%), contact dermatitis (12%), lichen planus (7%), atopic dermatitis (6%), vulvar itching (5%), psoriasis (2%) predominate in the structure of vulvar pathology in women.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"121 20","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135541631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of serum markers in diagnosis of exacerbations of sarcoidosis","authors":"Yu. Yu. Garmash, L. N. Novikova, A. M. Ryzhov","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-23-57-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-23-57-64","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve the diagnosis of exacerbation and activity of sarcoidosis in patients receiving complex treatment, including corticosteroids, 303 patients with respiratory sarcoidosis were examined at the initial visit (before treatment) and every 2 months of treatment for 2 years. Group 1–193 patients without exacerbation of sarcoidosis; group 2–51 patients with exacerbation of sarcoidosis, who did not take corticosteroids (GCS); group 3–59 patients with exacerbation of sarcoidosis, long-term taking corticosteroids. In order to improve the diagnosis of exacerbation and activity of sarcoidosis in patients receiving complex treatment, including glucocorticosteroids, 303 patients with respiratory sarcoidosis were examined at the initial visit (before treatment) and every 2 months of treatment for 2 years. Group 1–193 patients without exacerbation; group 2–51 patients with exacerbation who did not take corticosteroids (GCS); group 3–59 patients with exacerbation, long-term taking corticosteroids. Conducted clinical and biochemical blood tests, computed tomography of the respiratory organs, spirography, echocardiography, electrocardiography at rest. Changes in the following serum markers were studied: free radicals (RwR), resistance to oxidative stress calculated by trolox equivalent (UcE), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), adenosine deaminase (ADA), the correlation coefficient (CC) was calculated according to the developed formula (patent): CC = ACE/ADA in arbitrary units (KKnorm = 1.2–2.4), markers of lipid metabolism disorders were determined, to assess the activity of endogenous inflammation, the indicator of lipoidosis activity (PAL) was calculated according to the previously developed formula (patent): PAL = TC/LDLxc + TGL. Before treatment, 100 % of patients with sarcoidosis showed signs of moderate endogenous inflammation, an active granulomatous process, hypoxemia, and a decrease in the body’s antioxidant defense. The sensitivity of the serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) enzyme in exacerbations of sarcoidosis was 31 %, and the specificity was 48 %. The correlation coefficient (CC) had a sensitivity of 85.0 %; specificity 78.8 %; diagnostic efficiency of 80.0 % and higher clinical value than ACE, ADA, PAL, SVR, UKO. Thus, the serum enzyme adenosine deaminase (ADA) should be included in the mandatory minimum of laboratory methods in patients with sarcoidosis.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135432188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}