Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective最新文献

{"title":"Before and after closed season for beach seine fishing in Ghana: Impact on benthic macroinvertebrates species diversity indices","authors":"Margaret Fafa Awushie Akwetey,&nbsp;Paul Kojo Mensah,&nbsp;Gertrude Tibu,&nbsp;Naomi Aku Agboli,&nbsp;Gifty Wiredu","doi":"10.1111/maec.12784","DOIUrl":"10.1111/maec.12784","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Beach seine fishery provides a means of livelihood to many households in Africa and it is widely practiced in the coastal communities of Ghana due to the relatively cheaper operational cost. However, the small mesh sizes of beach seine nets and fishing activities that involve dragging a net through the nearshore seabed tend to destroy fish breeding grounds and capture juvenile fish and non-target benthic macroinvertebrates, which get discarded. This study investigated the impact that before and after closed season for beach seine fishing had on macroinvertebrates species diversity indices at two Ghanaian beaches with different fishing pressures. The study was carried out at OLA and Sisimbo Beaches located in the Central Region of Ghana, taking advantage of the statutory 1-month national fishing closed season in July 2022. Six (6) replicate sediment samples were taken at each beach after landing by beach seine fishers every month for 6 months, from April to June, and August to October, representing before and after closed season, respectively. Benthic macroinvertebrates were retrieved from the samples using appropriate protocols and subjected to indirect (Shannon, Simpson, Rényi) and direct (species abundance models, species accumulation models, multivariate statistics) measures of species diversity analyses. The indirect species diversity indices increased monotonically the following 2 months after closed season but reduced in the third month after closed season at both beaches. Conversely, the direct measures of diversity indices revealed that closed season for beach seine fishing improved species numbers and richness at both study beaches. This is the first report on the impact of a closed season on macroinvertebrates in any African country.</p>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138561498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the effect of larval dispersal strategies on morphological versus genetic differentiation in two neotropical fiddler crabs","authors":"Salise Brandt Martins,&nbsp;Murilo Zanetti Marochi,&nbsp;Setuko Masunari,&nbsp;Christoph D. Schubart","doi":"10.1111/maec.12783","DOIUrl":"10.1111/maec.12783","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The dispersal mode of estuarine invertebrates has a strong effect on genetic variability and phenotypic expression, potentially maintaining gene flow among widely separated populations or limiting connectivity among close ones. Understanding the dispersal strategies effects can support adequate strategies for environment management and understand the evolutionary history of the studied species. A comparative study on the effect of larval dispersal strategies (export vs retention) along the overall geographic distribution ranges of adult populations of two co-distributed fiddler crab species was performed. Geometric morphometric techniques were used to evaluate morphological differentiation in the shape of the carapace and major cheliped propodus in 10 populations of <i>Minuca mordax</i> and five populations of <i>Leptuca leptodactyla</i>. Potential genetic differentiation was assessed using DNA sequence data from up to 170 fiddler crab specimens, corresponding to the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COX1). Patterns of genetic and morphological characteristics diverged among populations of both species. In terms of morphology, populations of both species showed intraspecific variation in the shape of the carapace and, to a lesser extent, in the major cheliped propodus. This observed intraspecific variation followed a clear geographic pattern of morphometric differentiation, in which the geographic origin is associated with a phenotypic response to the environmental diversity along the extended Brazilian coast. In contrast, there are shared haplotypes in populations separated by more than 4000 km, but with significant Φ_ST values among most populations of <i>L. leptodactyla</i> and <i>M. mordax</i>, suggesting a moderate to high level of gene flow. Therefore, it can be concluded that the split of the Central South Equatorial Current has not acted as an efficient long-term barrier to the dispersal of larvae in both species. In <i>M. mordax</i>, a slight limitation of genetic exchange can be observed between the southernmost populations and the remaining ones. This first evidence of genetic structuring within this widely distributed species is consistent with its documented strategy to retain larvae in the estuarine environments. However, occasional transport of larvae to more open coastal waters seems to maintain stepwise gene flow between neighboring populations. Overall, our results still provide evidence of more pronounced genetic homogeneity in a species with a larval export strategy (<i>L. leptodactyla</i>) compared to a species with a larval retention strategy (<i>M. mordax</i>). This suggests that larval dispersal strategies, coupled with the microhabitat in which the respective species occur, have a noticeable effect on the degree of gene flow. Most likely, these biological aspects are further influenced by the estuarine and coastline geomorphology.</p>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138534361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shipwrecks act as de facto Marine Protected Areas in areas of heavy fishing pressure","authors":"Jenny Hickman,&nbsp;Joe Richards,&nbsp;Adam Rees,&nbsp;Emma V. Sheehan","doi":"10.1111/maec.12782","DOIUrl":"10.1111/maec.12782","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ubiquitous, industrial use of bottom-towed fishing gear since the 1800s has altered marine communities and ecosystem services. Outside of legal protection, only areas inaccessible to trawlers are offered any protection. Shipwrecks present hazards to fishing gear and are rarely subject to trawling pressure. As many have been in situ for &gt;100 years, they offer a baseline of ecological potential when trawling pressure is reduced or removed. Five shipwrecks were surveyed off the Berwickshire coast, some within the Static Gear Reserve and others outside. Video transects were collected of shipwrecks, the surrounding 50 m radius and control locations &gt;150 m from the wreck site. Species identified were assigned a category based on their vulnerability to trawling. The effect of distance from a shipwreck on ecological communities within sites Open and Closed to trawling was investigated. The ecological importance of shipwrecks increased relative to trawling pressure. In Open sites, abundance was 340% greater on Wreck locations than Control. Conversely, within Closed sites, abundance was 149% greater in Control locations than Wreck. In Open sites, shipwreck communities are more similar to those in Closed sites, than to the habitat surrounding the shipwreck. Vulnerable species, mostly large, sessile filter feeders, are almost entirely absent from Open sites, but account for ~28% of the total abundance on shipwrecks in Closed sites. This study offers a quantifiable method to evaluate the ecological contribution of shipwrecks in disturbed areas and suggests their role may warrant further research, and consideration in conservation policy, such as inclusion in 30 × 30 objectives. Our findings also demonstrate the possible ecological gains of expanding or including static gear reserves across Marine Protected Areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/maec.12782","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138534364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The shelf life of scientific knowledge","authors":"Ferdinando Boero","doi":"10.1111/maec.12780","DOIUrl":"10.1111/maec.12780","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135680087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A book reviewer farewell and book-lover call to arms","authors":"Michael Stachowitsch","doi":"10.1111/maec.12781","DOIUrl":"10.1111/maec.12781","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135170819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population biology of the endangered land crab Johngarthia lagostoma (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) in the Trindade Island, Brazil: Identifying crucial areas for future conservation strategies","authors":"Marcio Camargo Araujo João,&nbsp;Rafael Campos Duarte,&nbsp;Andrea Santarosa Freire,&nbsp;Nicholas Kriegler,&nbsp;Marcelo Antonio Amaro Pinheiro","doi":"10.1111/maec.12778","DOIUrl":"10.1111/maec.12778","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The life history of insular gecarcinid crabs is divided into a marine larval and an adult phase, adapted to the terrestrial environment. As adults, individuals migrate seasonally to locations near the sea, engaging in reproductive behaviors. Therefore, identifying breeding and recruitment areas is crucial for the conservation of insular gecarcinids, especially for those endangered, such as <i>Johngarthia lagostoma</i> (H. Milne Edwards, 1837). We used sex ratio and sexual dimorphism analyses (body and cheliped size) as well as records of juveniles and adults to describe the population structure of <i>J. lagostoma</i> in the Trindade Island, Brazil. During the reproductive period, several population parameters were compared among sites with different altitudes, comprising two beaches (Andradas and Tartarugas) and two hills (Príncipe, 136 m; and Desejado, 612 m). Overall, males predominated in the population and invested more in body and cheliped growth than females. However, at Andradas Beach, it was observed a similar frequency of adult males and females as well as a small difference in the body size between the sexes. In comparison, the smallest crabs were found at Príncipe Hill. The analyzed population presented a predominance of adults, especially at Andradas Beach (93.1%). Compared to the other sites sampled, Príncipe Hill showed the highest abundance of juveniles (males: 22.2%; females: 40.8%). Thus, Andradas Beach was considered a reproductive site, while Príncipe Hill had the highest density of juveniles, which makes them priority areas for the conservation of <i>J. lagostoma</i> in Trindade Island.</p>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135322916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of environmental settings in geographically distinct ports on the protein profiles of cultivable bacteria using MALDI–TOF mass spectrometry","authors":"Lidita Khandeparker,&nbsp;Laxman Gardade,&nbsp;Arga Chandrashekar Anil","doi":"10.1111/maec.12777","DOIUrl":"10.1111/maec.12777","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The protein profiles of bacteria are useful markers in their identification. In this study, we examined the influence of environmental settings on the protein profiles of culturable bacteria using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI–TOF MS). We compared the protein profiles of bacteria collected from geographically distinct port environments (Kolkata, a freshwater port, and Kandla, a marine port) from India. The results indicated that bacterial species were distinctly different between the two ports, except for a few bacteria, that were common, such as <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i>, <i>Micrococcus luteus</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>P. putida</i>, <i>P. stutzeri</i>, <i>P. mosselii</i> and <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i>. Mass spectra of these common bacterial species, a few pathogenic among them, differed in their protein profiles and relative intensity of peaks. These variations point out that environmental settings/factors have a significant role in the protein expression and can result in differentiated virulence of pathogens. Identifying these risk factors is crucial in developing appropriate environmental port management practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135779812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-fledging survival of wedge-tailed shearwaters is linked to pre-fledge mass, which has decreased over 40 years","authors":"Narelle Swanson,&nbsp;Neil Vaughan,&nbsp;Neil Belling,&nbsp;Lauren Roman","doi":"10.1111/maec.12776","DOIUrl":"10.1111/maec.12776","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Seabird populations are declining across their global range due to a variety of threats, including shifting food webs from climate change. The impact of these threats is exacerbated in long-lived species with low reproductive output and high investment in a few offspring, where juvenile survival is of substantial importance to populations. Changes to post-fledging survival and recruitment of adults are difficult to detect, necessitating better information to forecast juvenile survival before fledglings take to sea. To achieve this goal, we test the hypothesis that there is an ideal mass range for fledglings, outside of which survival is limited, providing an early warning signal for future recruitment failures. Here we present a long-term study of chick banding, weighing and resighting of wedge-tailed shearwaters, <i>Ardenna pacifica</i>, a globally widespread but declining tropical/subtropical seabird in a sea-surface warming hotspot across a span of 43 years. We provide data on 1615 fledgling birds banded most years between 1977 and 2020, with 111 resighted as adults. We found that fledglings weighing 380–470 g have the best chance to survive to adulthood and those weighing 330–540 g have a possible chance of survival. We detected a gradual decline in masses since data collection began, with chicks fledging, on average, 1.6 g lighter each year. This decline has been sharpest since 1996, with fledging masses decreasing at an average rate of 3.8 g annually. Should this 1.6 g decline continue, the average fledgling will cross out of the ‘survivable’ mass range by 2047/2048. We contextualise these findings with observed declines reported in some populations across the species South Pacific range, adding to the conversation about challenges to seabirds in regions experiencing rapid change.</p>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"44 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/maec.12776","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ascidian diversity and abundance in North Carolina seagrass meadows","authors":"Mina Surprenant,&nbsp;Jessie C. Jarvis,&nbsp;Susanna López-Legentil","doi":"10.1111/maec.12772","DOIUrl":"10.1111/maec.12772","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ascidians are sessile marine invertebrates found all over the world in a variety of natural and artificial habitats. The objective of this study was to provide the first inventory of ascidian diversity and abundance in North Carolina (NC) seagrass meadows. Eight sites along the NC coast were surveyed in May and June 2021 and at each site, 20 quadrats were deployed. All ascidian species within the quadrats were counted and identified based on morphological characterization and sequencing of the barcoding gene. Seagrass percent cover, biomass, and shoot density were also quantified. Ascidians were found in six sites and four species were recorded: the solitary species <i>Molgula manhattensis</i>, <i>Styela plicata</i>, and <i>Bostrichobranchus</i> sp., and the colonial <i>Didemnum lutarium.</i> Colonial specimens were generally attached to hard substrate, while solitary species were often found attached to seagrass rhizomes and leaves. <i>S. plicata</i> and <i>M. manhattensis</i> haplotype diversity were equivalent to previous descriptions from individuals collected on artificial substrates and other locations. Ascidian abundance was positively correlated with seagrass biomass but not with seagrass percent cover. A fifth species, the solitary <i>Styela canopus</i>, appeared in a site revisited in October 2021. Temperate ascidians are known to have seasonal cycles, thus further research should include monthly surveys to assess ascidian diversity and abundance over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"44 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/maec.12772","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135208098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nesting activity of Lepidochelys olivacea, and the effect of artificial shade at Cascajilloso beach, a newly inhabited nesting site in Pacific Panama","authors":"Eric E. Flores,&nbsp;Joelbin Rafael De La Cruz","doi":"10.1111/maec.12773","DOIUrl":"10.1111/maec.12773","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sea turtle nesting activity on newly monitored beaches yield important data to support future regional and global conservation assessments. Here, we report on nesting activity of Olive Ridley (<i>Lepidochelys olivacea</i>) at Cascajilloso beach in Pacific Panama based on data from a new hatchery during seasons 2019, 2020 and 2021. Further to this, we conducted a field experiment analyzing the effects of artificial shade versus unshaded treatments on hatchlings' biometric characteristics, hatching success, incubation success and the incubation period. The analyses of three seasons showed that nesting activity, based on number of egg clutches transferred to the hatchery, reached a peak between September (33%) and October (25%). Curved carapace length (CCL) of nesting females (64.3–66.2 cm) was similar to other populations of the Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP). The number of eggs clutches were 80 in 2019, 73 in 2020 and 108 in 2021; however, the clutch size was slightly smaller (93.92 ± 18.78 eggs) compared with other populations of the ETP. This could be a phenotypic variation of nesting females at this beach. The ability to move egg clutches to the hatchery was affected during 2020 season due to COVID19 restrictions. Heavy rainfall during the incubation period caused a reduction in ambient temperature resulting in cooler (maximum average 29.9°C) nest temperatures registered under artificial shade and unshaded treatments. This could result in males hatchlings during the 2020 season. The warmer temperatures in our experimental nests produced heavier hatchlings contrary to general assumptions, but this was also related to straight carapace length only after a threshold value of 40 mm. Hatchlings under the artificial shade were able to grow to a certain size but potentially at the costs of storing less mass (trade-off). Ongoing beach patrolling and hatchery management techniques with long-term baseline data collection are needed to secure the nesting population of <i>L. olivacea</i> in this recently surveyed beach.</p>","PeriodicalId":49883,"journal":{"name":"Marine Ecology-An Evolutionary Perspective","volume":"44 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135784941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}