{"title":"Nominal linkers in Central Kurdish (Silemānī variety)","authors":"Samuel Jambrović, Mohammed Hassan","doi":"10.33137/twpl.v45i1.41669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/twpl.v45i1.41669","url":null,"abstract":"Focusing on the Silemānī variety of Central Kurdish, this paper explores the distribution of modifiers, possessors, and arguments within the noun phrase as well as the linking vowels that precede these elements. The position of modifiers and the form of the linker both differ in indefinite and definite noun phrases. In indefinite phrases, modifiers follow the plural and indefinite suffixes and appear with a linker of the form -ī. In definite phrases, modifiers precede the plural and definite suffixes and appear with a linker of the form -a. Since an -a linker is found in many compounds, we also consider general issues of modification versus compounding in Central Kurdish. Finally, possessors and arguments do not show sensitivity to definiteness. In all noun phrases, possessors and arguments occur after number and definiteness morphology with a linker of the form -ī.","PeriodicalId":498787,"journal":{"name":"Toronto working papers in linguistics","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nominal Linkers in Balochi","authors":"Songül Gündoğdu","doi":"10.33137/twpl.v45i1.41678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33137/twpl.v45i1.41678","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides a description of the nominal linkers along with their distinctive properties in the Karachi dialect of Balochi. The linking elements in this language signal modification (and complementation) in a head final NP and PP structure. Thus, they are referred to as Reverse Ezafe (REZ). There are two types of REZ in Balochi; the first one appears between attributive adjectives (REZ1) and their head noun, also known as attributive marker, while the second one links possessors and the complements of postpositions to their heads (REZ2), widely known as the Genitive case marker. The data show that REZ1 and REZ2 have further differences such that REZ1 phonologically has an invariant form whereas REZ2 has two different forms depending on the number property of the element it attaches to (i.e., singular versus plural). It is also demonstrated that they display distinctive properties when the head noun is elided in the context of ellipsis.
","PeriodicalId":498787,"journal":{"name":"Toronto working papers in linguistics","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135864463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}