Materials Evaluation最新文献

{"title":"NDT Apprenticeship in the UK","authors":"Sam Cunningham, A. Schofield","doi":"10.32548/2022.me-80-09-27-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2022.me-80-09-27-30","url":null,"abstract":"In 2014, a UK government report identified a dire need for skilled workers in the nondestructive testing (NDT) industry, and the seeds of a government-funded apprenticeship program to address the skills gap was born. In partnership with the British Institute of Nondestructive Testing (BINDT), an industry-led employer group worked to develop three NDT apprenticeship training programs, incorporating varying levels of industrial qualifications, behaviors, and skill sets, to great success. At the last count, more than 260 apprentices had started their NDT apprenticeship.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45164422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Acoustic Attenuation Trends in Permendur 49 Magnetostrictive Material","authors":"M. Sheykholeslami, M. Allahdadi, M. Zeighami, M. Ghodsi","doi":"10.32548/10.32548/2022.me-04229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/10.32548/2022.me-04229","url":null,"abstract":"The mechanical properties of ferromagnetic materials change when the magnetization level of these materials changes. This phenomenon occurs due to magnetostriction. The change in direction of the magnetic domains is the reason for magnetostriction. In this paper, we hypothesize that the amount of acoustic attenuation in ferromagnetic materials depends on their magnetization level. To prove this hypothesis, a numerical approach is employed and the results compared to previous results in the literature. Permendur, an iron-cobalt alloy that exhibits a large magnetostriction effect, is used for the simulation. The results of the numerical study show that ultrasonic reflection and transmission coefficients in Permendur change in response to changes in the external magnetic field. A comparison between these numerical results and experimental results in the literature allows us to determine the changes in acoustic attenuation due to the magnetic field. The results show that there is an increasing trend at first, and then a decreasing trend, between acoustic absorption attenuation and increasing external magnetic field. This approach would be useful in ultrasonic testing of ferromagnetic materials when the reflected echoes are not detectable due to attenuation.The mechanical properties of ferromagnetic materials change when the magnetization level of these materials changes. This phenomenon occurs due to magnetostriction. The change in direction of the magnetic domains is the reason for magnetostriction. In this paper, we hypothesize that the amount of acoustic attenuation in ferromagnetic materials depends on their magnetization level. To prove this hypothesis, a numerical approach is employed and the results compared to previous results in the literature. Permendur, an iron-cobalt alloy that exhibits a large magnetostriction effect, is used for the simulation. The results of the numerical study show that ultrasonic reflection and transmission coefficients in Permendur change in response to changes in the external magnetic field. A comparison between these numerical results and experimental results in the literature allows us to determine the changes in acoustic attenuation due to the magnetic field. The results show that there is an increasing trend at first, and then a decreasing trend, between acoustic absorption attenuation and increasing external magnetic field. This approach would be useful in ultrasonic testing of ferromagnetic materials when the reflected echoes are not detectable due to attenuation.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69698902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic Method for Evaluating Mechanical Properties of Steel Cylinders","authors":"Chai Jun-Hui, Lv Zhong-Jie, Shen Zheng-Xiang, Zhang Zi-Jiang, Bo Xu, Shen Jian-Min, Qian Sheng-Jie, Y. Fu","doi":"10.32548/2022.me-04262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2022.me-04262","url":null,"abstract":"Using a nondestructive testing method based on hysteresis behavior, the structural-mechanical dependence of the coercive force of 35CrMo steel components was compared with that of standard specimens. As described in the magnetic Jiles–Atherton model, the magnetic coercive force of the cylinders was inversely proportional to the grain refinement, which was validated by means of metallographic examination and hardness tests. Simultaneously, this study presented an experimental validation by destructive testing for determining the relationship between the measured magnetic parameter and the property of concern and a linear correlation between coercive force and hardness. These observations provide a method to quickly and nondestructively evaluate the mechanical properties of steel components.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48759256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale Mixed Modality Microstructure Assessment for Titanium (M4AT) Data Set","authors":"J. Wertz, M. Cherry, Sean O'Rourke, Laura Homa, Nick Lorenzo, Erik Blasch","doi":"10.32548/2022.me-04274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2022.me-04274","url":null,"abstract":"The capability of a material depends on multiscale physical properties. In many cases, state-of-the-art material characterization methods for micro-to-mesoscale features require extensive preparation or destructive analysis. These shortcomings limit their use for quality control of component-scale parts, as extensive preparation or destructive analysis are prohibitively expensive or impossible for real-time assessment. One example is the detection and characterization of critical microtexture regions in titanium, where the state-of-the-art sensing method is both damaging and constrained to a laboratory environment. New sensing approaches that achieve the capability of laboratory-based characterization methods without destructive assessment offer promise for manufacturing, inspection, and assembly. A potential solution is to develop novel data fusion algorithms to complement existing nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44787425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of the Reverse Time Migration Method to Ultrasonic Nondestructive Imaging for Anisotropic Materials","authors":"H. Mizota, Y. Amano, K. Nakahata","doi":"10.32548/2022.me-04244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2022.me-04244","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we applied the reverse time migration (RTM) method to ultrasonic defect imaging in anisotropic materials. RTM offered that the defect shape could be uniquely determined by calculating a cross correlation of the incident and the reverse propagated waves from the array transducer. 2D simulations demonstrated that defect imaging by the RTM method requires an accurate numerical setup. We validated our technique using measured scattered waves from a slit in unidirectional solidified 316L stainless steel. By using the elastic constants determined from the ultrasonic wavefield data, the slit shape was correctly reconstructed. This provides a proof of principle that the RTM method is effective in nondestructive imaging of composite structures containing anisotropic materials.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45127109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of Tomographic Acquisition and Reconstruction Slice for Industrial Machine Rotor with Fixed-Angle Scanner","authors":"M. R. Ahmedbacha, A. Benouar, A. Khorsi, N. Akermi, K. Kaddouri","doi":"10.32548/2022.me-04263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2022.me-04263","url":null,"abstract":"Rotating machines such as electric motors and pumps are the heart of any industrial production chain. Rotors are usually the most worn parts, and the preventive maintenance of these vital organs, although necessary, remains penalizing for the production line because the machines are stopped and disassembled for a lengthy period during the inspection phase. This paper suggests a simulation of optimized tomographic reconstruction by cone beam acquisition geometry to scan a functioning machine rotor with high X-ray energy. In this work we propose a simple design of a fixed-angle projection scanner. Rotating projections are replaced by synchro-rotation to the nominal angular velocity of the rotor. The simulation results demonstrate that it is possible to adapt the filtered back-projection algorithm to compute a tomographic image of the rotor by a single projection device.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44417144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Experimental Study on Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing for Internal Inspection of Gas Storage Wells","authors":"Zheng Yanchun, Miao Cunjian, Hong Lixiang, Guo Weican","doi":"10.32548/2022.me-04278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2022.me-04278","url":null,"abstract":"A reduction in wall thickness, caused by corrosion, of the inner and outer surfaces of underground compressed natural gas storage wells is one of the main causes of failure. Therefore, taking wall thickness measurements is an important task during periodic inspection. This study proposes a corrosion detection technique based on the well’s shape using cylindrical convex ultrasonic phased array and develops a cylindrical convex phased array probe with 512 elements. Using an example well of ∅177 × 10.36 mm, the influences of process parameters such as active aperture, focal length, gain, and gate threshold are studied. In addition, an experiment is conducted on a sample well with artificial defects for parameters optimization. Next, experimental tests are carried out on the well at the test platform according to the optimized parameters. The results show that the proposed technique is of high sensitivity and efficiency for the detection of corrosion defects and is able to detect pitting corrosion of more than ∅2 mm and line corrosion of 1 mm width.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48710221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of Deformation Behavior of AISI 1025 Carbon Steel with Different Microstructures Using Metal Magnetic Memory and Acoustic Emission Testing","authors":"W. Singh, CK Mukhopadhyay","doi":"10.32548/2022.me-04195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2022.me-04195","url":null,"abstract":"Studies are carried out to investigate the tensile deformation behavior of AISI-type 1025 carbon steel with different microstructures using metal magnetic memory and acoustic emission testing (AE) techniques. Seven AISI 1025 carbon steel specimens were heat treated for different microstructures and then subjected to tensile deformation until fracture. AE was conducted during tensile deformation and the deformation-induced self-magnetic leakage fields (SMLFs) were measured using a giant magneto-resistive sensor after unloading. Results reveal that SMLF signal values are influenced by microstructure and residual stress aroused due to plastic deformation. Among different specimens, SMLF signal peak amplitude is highest in the brine-quenched specimen followed by the tempered specimen, while hardness is highest in the brine-quenched specimen. SMLF signal peak amplitude and hardness are the lowest in the annealed specimen. SMLF signal is higher in tempered specimens compared to the untempered specimens. From AE measurements, it is observed that martensitic steel emits higher acoustic emissions during deformation but decreases when tempered. The acoustic emissions generated in the martensitic steel are also of higher amplitude. The results are correlated with optical micrographs and hardness measurements.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47998739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Situ Process Monitoring: A Perspective on the Role of In Situ Process Monitoring in the Certification of Additive Manufactured Space Hardware","authors":"Erin Lanigan","doi":"10.32548/2022.me-04261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2022.me-04261","url":null,"abstract":"In situ process monitoring refers to any technology that monitors an additive manufacturing (AM) process. The range of technologies is as broad as the range of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods and can even extend to machine health monitoring more traditionally associated with process control (McCann et al. 2021). For example, voltage, current, and pressure sensors can be used to detect if something abnormal occurs in the regular operations of the AM machine, including the machinery, laser or arc, ventilation, wire feed, or powder recoating processes. If these sensors detect an off-nominal condition, that region of the AM build can be investigated by checking the data streams from other process monitoring technologies, or after the build using NDE.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44259192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Perspective of The Needs and Opportunities for Coupling Materials Science and Nondestructive Evaluation for Metals-Based Additive Manufacturing","authors":"MJ Quintana, Y. Ji, P. Collins","doi":"10.32548/2022.me-04256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32548/2022.me-04256","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a perspective of the needs and opportunities associated with the multidisciplinary problem of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of additive manufacturing (AM). Recognizing the multidisciplinary nature of the problem, as well as the need to bridge knowledge between the different communities, the paper is structured to provide brief backgrounds and details relevant to both communities, as well as present an assessment of the state of the art. This paper, in some respects, is meant to be a primer of the different landscapes, as well as a catalyst for making future connections. At the end, it will be clear that there is much more work to be done, but that the work that is ongoing is exciting, and the potential to exploit NDE techniques for metals-based AM is very high.","PeriodicalId":49876,"journal":{"name":"Materials Evaluation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43788033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}