J. A. Österreicher, A. R. Arnoldt, S. Gneiger, G. Kunschert
{"title":"Tolerance of Al–Mg–Si Wrought Alloys for High Fe Contents: The Role of Effective Si","authors":"J. A. Österreicher, A. R. Arnoldt, S. Gneiger, G. Kunschert","doi":"10.1007/s11661-023-07180-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-023-07180-z","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Aluminum scrap is often contaminated with steel parts, leading to accumulation of Fe in recycled Al alloys. Consequently, low limits for Fe in Al wrought alloys are difficult to meet by recycling without dilution with primary Al. Wrought alloys with a higher tolerance for Fe could help overcome this problem and improve the sustainability of Al wrought products. Here we study the effects of increasing the Fe content in EN AW-6060, 6005A, and 6082 from 0.2 to 0.7 wt pct. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloys after extrusion and artificial ageing are compared to the standard alloys. We found that 6082 is more tolerant to above-standard Fe contents than 6005A, which in turn is more tolerant than 6060: the strength of the 6082-based alloy with increased Fe content is comparable to that of standard 6082 and the elongation at break is increased. In contrast, the artificial ageing potential of the 6060-based alloy with more Fe is drastically reduced compared to 6060. This data and literature values show that the effective Si content is a good overall predictor of alloy strength. Effective Si is not bound in AlFeSi-type phases and is available for precipitation hardening. Additional effects of increased Fe levels are discussed.","PeriodicalId":49827,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A-Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136071758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Danilo Curtolo, Christian Schubert, Alexandre Viardin, Semiramis Friedrich, Moritz Eickhoff, Bernd Böttger, Bernd Friedrich, Herbert Pfeifer, Markus Apel
{"title":"Experimental and Numerical Investigation of a Solidification-Based Aluminum-Cooled Finger Refinement Process From Micro to Macro-Scale","authors":"Danilo Curtolo, Christian Schubert, Alexandre Viardin, Semiramis Friedrich, Moritz Eickhoff, Bernd Böttger, Bernd Friedrich, Herbert Pfeifer, Markus Apel","doi":"10.1007/s11661-023-07147-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-023-07147-0","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The interest in ultra-pure metals is steadily growing due to the increasing demand for these materials in modern technology. To be able to meet the increasing demand in the future, it is necessary to implement more efficient and productive processes. As a fractional crystallization method in this application area, the cooled finger method exhibits higher productivity and lower energy requirements when compared to industry well-established methods like zone melting. In this study, the mechanisms and relevant phenomena crucial for a successful implementation of a cooled finger process were investigated using a multidisciplinary approach. With carefully selected process parameters, we present here an experimental setup with a purification potential of approximately 80 pct. Additional micro- and macro-scale simulations demonstrate that the process is sensitive to parameters such as rotation rate, cooling rate, and temperature gradient within the melt, which explains the difficulty in optimizing this process in practice. An analysis and description of various phenomena that characterize the behavior of the cooled finger process are presented within this multi-scale approach. As a result, these approaches can also be transferred to the description of processes for other metals, opening application areas outside of the purification of aluminum.","PeriodicalId":49827,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A-Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136229953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quenching and Partitioning (Q&P) Steel: Alloy Design, Phase Transformation and Evolution of Microstructure","authors":"Sachin Kumar, Shiv Brat Singh","doi":"10.1007/s11661-023-07085-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-023-07085-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49827,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A-Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135493349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J Tjandra, A Ranjan, A K Ackerman, M Appleton, S Pedrazzini
{"title":"Effect of NaCl and Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> on Low Temperature Corrosion of Vapour- and Pack-Aluminide Coated Single Crystal Turbine Blade Alloys CMSX-4 and RR3010.","authors":"J Tjandra, A Ranjan, A K Ackerman, M Appleton, S Pedrazzini","doi":"10.1007/s11661-023-07099-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11661-023-07099-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current work presents a systematic study of two alloy compositions (RR3010 and CMSX-4) and two types of coatings: inward grown (pack) and outward grown (vapour) deposited aluminides, exposed to 98Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>-2NaCl mixture. Grit blasting was used on some of the samples, prior to coating, to mimic in-service procedures and remove oxides from the surface prior to coating. Two-point bend tests were then performed on the coated samples, with and without applied salt at 550 °C for 100 hours. Samples were pre-strained at 0.6 pct strain to deliberately pre-crack the coating and then strained at 0.3 pct for the heat treatment. Exposure to 98Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>-2NaCl under applied stress of vapour-aluminide coated samples of both alloys, revealed significant coating damage in the form of secondary cracks in the intermetallic-rich inter-diffusion zone, although only CMSX-4 exhibited cracks propagating further into the bulk alloy while RR3010 proved more resistant. The pack-aluminide coating proved more protective for both alloys, with cracks propagating only into the coating and never into the underlying alloy. In addition, grit blasting proved beneficial in reducing spallation and cracking for both types of coating. The findings were used to propose a mechanism based on thermodynamic reactions, to explain the crack width changes through the formation of volatile AlCl<sub>3</sub> in the cracks.</p>","PeriodicalId":49827,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A-Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10243695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9686594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Growth Kinetics, and Wear and Corrosion Properties of TiC Coatings on Pure Titanium by Carburizing","authors":"Zhiqi Feng, Yonghua Duan, Mingjun Peng","doi":"10.1007/s11661-023-07069-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-023-07069-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49827,"journal":{"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A-Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136011833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}