Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology最新文献

{"title":"An Analysis of Fish Faunal Diversity in Aquatic Resources of Dhauladhar Mountain Range of Western Himalayas, Himachal Pradesh, India","authors":"H. S. Banyal, N. Bains","doi":"10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233797","url":null,"abstract":"The study conducts an extensive analysis of the fish population inhabiting the Dhauladhar mountain range in Himachal Pradesh, India. The study encompasses the accepted common names, authority names, geographical distribution and the conservation status designated by the IUCN. The fish diversity within the Dhauladhar mountain range of Himachal Pradesh comprises a total of 85 species, classified into 8 distinct orders, 15 families, and 37 genera. The order Cypriniformes prevails as the dominant group, encompassing 58 species, followed by Siluriformes (14 species), Channiformes (5 species), Perciformes (2 species), Osteoglossiformes (2 species), and Salmoniformes (2 species). Beloniformes and Synbranchiformes are represented by a single species each. According to the IUCN Red List, among the 85 identified fish species, 57 species are categorized under the Least Concern (LC) status, 8 species are designated as Vulnerable (VU), 4 species fall into the Data Deficient Category (DD), 3 species have not been evaluated (NE), 2 species are classified as Endangered (EN), and 1 species is deemed Critically Endangered (CR). Furthermore, the study presents an assessment detailing the impact of various anthropogenic activities on the fish fauna within the specified region of Himachal Pradesh.","PeriodicalId":498144,"journal":{"name":"Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"2 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138592850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of DNA Barcoding in Fisheries: A Review","authors":"Ashwit S. Shetty, Hitesh U. Shingadia","doi":"10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233796","url":null,"abstract":"The review article focuses on the widespread application of DNA barcoding in the fishery background. With the advancement in science and technology, there is a dire necessity for upgradation in approaches for taxonomy, wildlife conservation, and health management in the fishery industry. To reduce invasiveness, illegal fishing, and health complications in fish in both marine as well aquaculture ecosystems different required mitigative measures need to be enforced. DNA barcoding is one important tool in biological science. It involves the sequencing of a small DNA segment called a ‘barcode’ of 648 base pairs. In animals and protists, the specific barcode is the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase Ⅰ (COⅠ or COX 1) and it has proven to be extremely effective in identifying metazoans such as birds, butterflies, fish, flies, and many other animal groups. The use of DNA Barcoding has been proven to be effective in taxonomical classification of every group of organisms. In fishery, the application of barcoding created an avenue in marine conservation and aquaculture caretaking.","PeriodicalId":498144,"journal":{"name":"Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"8 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138591608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-Microbial Activity and GC-MS Profiling of Leaves Extracts of Hyptis suaveolens: In vitro and In silico Studies","authors":"Antu Kurrey, Amit Sharma, Shishir Tiwari","doi":"10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233795","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-microbial resistance turned into the main source of death universally, bringing about a critical requirement for the development of new, safe, and potent anti-microbial agents. Compounds retrieved from plants can be a fundamental source of new antibiotics. The Hyptis suaveolens plant is rich in anti-microbial phytochemicals. Here, we used the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) approach for the quantitative and qualitative identification of bioactive compounds in the methanolic extract of Hyptis suaveolens leaves. Subsequently, anti-microbial activity, pharmacokinetics, and toxicological properties were predicted using in silico tools. The methanolic extract of Hyptis suaveolens leaves was found to have anti-microbial activity against all pathogenic strains (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans). The methanolic crude extract shows the highest zone of inhibition against Candida albicans, Bacillus subtilis, and Staphylococcus aureus. The phytochemical, TLC, UV-VIS, and FTIR analyses represented the maximum absorption and functional groups of phytochemicals. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 34 secondary metabolites. In silico studies revealed that megastigmatrienone was the most active compound on dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) in different organisms. It showed the best minimum binding energy (-6.8 kcal/mol). The methanolic crude extract of Hyptis suaveolens leaves showed powerful anti-microbial action against five types of bacteria and one fungus. Megastigmatrienone was the most bioactive compound, and it passed Lipinski's rule of 5 to determine the drug-likeness properties. Therefore, the compound Megastigmatrienone is further subjected to animal testing and clinical trials for its use as an anti-microbial agent with commercial values.","PeriodicalId":498144,"journal":{"name":"Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"19 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138595681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards Sustainable Urban Solid Waste Management: A Comparative Analysis and Recommendations for India's Swachh Bharat Mission 2.0","authors":"Shashank A. Anand, Seema Devi","doi":"10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233790","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper aims to address the pressing challenges posed by ineffective solid waste management in urban areas, with a specific focus on India's Swachh Bharat Mission 2.0. The study assesses existing waste management strategies, compares different approaches, and identifies successful practices to restore environmental balance. By evaluating various waste management methods, technologies, and policies, the research project seeks to provide insights and recommendations for improving waste management practices in urban areas. The significance of this study lies in its potential to foster sustainable waste management practices that promote environmental preservation, mitigate climate change, protect public health, and contribute to a more liveable urban environment. Through exploring innovative technologies, waste reduction strategies, recycling initiatives, and community engagement, this research project aims to pave the way for more effective waste management practices, fostering a transition towards a circular economy and a healthier, more sustainable future for urban areas.","PeriodicalId":498144,"journal":{"name":"Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"94 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138599837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning Approaches for Pest and Insect Management in Forest Scenario: An Outlook","authors":"Senthilkumar N., Sumathi R.","doi":"10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233793","url":null,"abstract":"Forests are nature's most efficient complex ecological system and vulnerable resources of valuable products which contribute to the sustainable development of communities. In the current scenario of climate change, forest became susceptible to major issues such as diseases, insects, pests and their unpredictable pest outbreaks. The sustainable management and protection of this natural environment from insect, pest, diseases, human interference and unwanted disturbances is vital and needs new tools to find insight and effective management. Computer vision is good at spotting disorder and efficient pre-requisite tool for insect pest management. Hence, introduction of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) techniques could be an alternate advanced precision approach to detect and control the herbivorous insect pests at an early stage to avoid huge damage to forest and continuous indiscriminate usage of the chemical pesticides. This is an opportunity which benefits farmers, state forest departments, Forest Development Corporation, forest and private nurseries, wood-based industries, paper and pulp industries etc.    ","PeriodicalId":498144,"journal":{"name":"Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"126 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138599020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Screening of Phytochemicals of five Red Seaweeds from the Northern Kerala Coast, India","authors":"Swapna Rao, P. Anantharaman","doi":"10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233791","url":null,"abstract":"The Quantitative analysis of 5 phytochemical parameters: Tannins, Flavonoids, Phenols, Steroids, and Terpenoids has been done for 5 Red seaweeds belonging to the family –Rhodophyceae i.e. Gracilaria corticata, Grateloupia lithophila, Gelidium micropterum, Chondracanthus acicularis, and Centroceras clavulatum, from the Northern Kerala coast: Thikkodi, Elathur, Kappad and Beypore, located in the Kozhikode district. Methanolic extracts of the seaweeds were used for the Phytochemical component screening. The study found that Flavonoid content was the lowest among other parameters ranging from 2.61±0.04 mg QE/g dw to 5.57±0.23 QE/g dw. The steroid was found to be higher in the case of C. acicularis (61.32±0.04 mg BSE/g dw) and C. clavulatum (65.80±0.02 mg BSE/g dw). Followed by it was Tannin which was highest in G. micropterum (49.20±0.56 mg CE/g dw) and C. acicularis (32.01±0.24 mg CE/g dw), whereas G. lithophila showed consistently lower concentrations in Phenols (0.19±0.01 mg GAE/g dw), Tannins (9.43±1.59 mg CE/g dw), and Steroids (3.69±0.01 mg BSE/g dw). To the best of our Knowing the current Quantitative analysis of phytochemicals in Red seaweeds is the pioneering work done in the following study areas: Kappad, Elathur, and Beypore. This phytochemical screening with reference to past studies on the same domain confirms that a lot of work needs to be done yet.","PeriodicalId":498144,"journal":{"name":"Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"116 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138599564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insecticidal Property of Plumeria obtusa L. (Apocynaceae) Leaf Extracts Against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)","authors":"T. A. Sulthana, M. Hema, R. S. Mohanraj, M. Saranya","doi":"10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233789","url":null,"abstract":"Mosquitoes are one of the most lethal animals in the world and transmit many dangerous human pathogens, causing millions of deaths each year. Aedes aegypti is generally known to be a vector of dengue, chikungunya and zika. Mosquito control is a major challenge nowadays when they became resistant against commonly available insecticides. To reduce this, it is important to look for alternative that are easily biodegradable. One such alternative could be bioactive products from phytochemicals by systematically exploring the global floral biodiversity. Therefore the present study was to evaluate the ovipositional deterrent activity of the ethanol, hexane leaf extracts of Plumeria obtusa against Aedes aegypti and also observe various types of sensilla located on the antennae, maxillary palp, tarsi and ovipositor of the Ae. aegypti using scanning electron microscope. The effect of ethanol and hexane leaf extracts of P. obtusa on oviposition of Ae. aegypti was determined under two sets of conditions (Choice and no choice oviposition assay). Among the total number of eggs laid 33.83% (ethanol), 38.15(hexane) was present in control medium when placed along with ovitraps with 0.1, 0.3, 0.7, 0.010 and 0.013% ethanol and hexane leaf extracts of P. obtusa in which appeared 27.88, 23.27, 11.79, 9.371 and 0.038 % (ethanol), 26.09, 18.14, 13.19, 4.357 and 0.042% (hexane) of eggs respectively. This was also indicated by ODI values (9.649, 18.48, 48.30, 82.86 and 99.77) (ethanol) and (18.76, 35.53, 48.59, 79.50 and 99.77) (hexane) (choice oviposition assay). Percent oviposition in 0.1, 0.3, 0.7, 0.010 and 0.013 % ethanol and hexane of leaf extracts of P. obtusa was 43.11, 28.77, 19.51, 3.875 and 0.090% (ethanol), 36.36, 26.21, 18.03, 8.888 and 0.181% (hexane) which were less compared to their control counterparts 56.88, 71.22, 80.48, 96.12 and 99.90 (ethanol), 63.63, 73.78 , 81.96 , 91.11 and 99.81 (hexane) respectively (no choice oviposition assay). The findings also revealed that both extracts (ethanol, hexane) showed promising ovipositional deterrent activity against adult Ae. aegypti.","PeriodicalId":498144,"journal":{"name":"Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"116 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zoo-Chemical Characterization of Ethanolic Extract of Bivalvia Anadara rhombea (Born, 1778) Shell Using GC-MS Technique","authors":"S. Kalpana, R. Ravichelvan","doi":"10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233786","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233786","url":null,"abstract":"Marine world has been known for its astonishing biodiversity and become a rich natural resource for many chemicals which some remained almost unexplored. Secondary metabolite is a broad classification of biomolecules under the umbrella term zoochemicals found in fauna. With the current interest in extracting valuable zoochemicals from marine organisms. The aim of the present study is to investigate the zoochemicals from ethanolic extract of marine Bivalvla Anadara rhombea shell (Phylum: Mollusca; Class: Bivalvia). The qualitative analysis of Anadara rhombea shell showed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, polyphenols and tannins while 60 different zoochemicals were also identified by GC-MS technique. The identified zoochemicals from ethanolic extract of Anadara rhombea shell may be involved in metal ion reduction and capping agents in the synthesis metallic nanoparticles. Finally, the present study provides basic information about the zoochemicals of the studied animal shell for further synthesis of nanoparticle research.","PeriodicalId":498144,"journal":{"name":"Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"118 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological and Osteological Characterization of Three Fish Species from River Noyyal of Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"Divya Chandrasekar, A. Arunkumar","doi":"10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233788","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233788","url":null,"abstract":"According to the World-Wide Fund for Nature [1] the number of freshwater species worldwide has decreased by about 83% since 1970. Morphology and Osteology is one of the most important taxonomic features for identifying and classifying fish species. In this study, samples of three species were collected from various locations of Noyyal river. The specimens were identified morphologically and processed clearing and a double staining method. Based on the outcomes the species were described in detailed skeletal morphometry and compared.","PeriodicalId":498144,"journal":{"name":"Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"110 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fish Fauna and Zooplankton Diversity of Mukkadal Reservoir, Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"S. S. S. So, D. D. P. Raj","doi":"10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2023/v44i233785","url":null,"abstract":"The fish fauna and zooplankton in seasonal variations in the Mukkadal reservoir of the Kanyakumari district have been studied for a period of one year, from June 2022 to May 2023. A total of 15 species belonging to Phylum-Chordata, Class- Actinopterygii, Order- Cypriniformes (10 sp.), Cyprinodontiformes (1 sp.), Siluriformes (1 sp.), Perciformes (2 sp.), Anabantiforms (1 sp.) Family- Cyprinidae (9 sp.), Cobitidae (1 sp.), Fundulidae (1 sp.), Bagridae (1 sp.), Cichlidae (2 sp.), Channidae (1 sp.). Result shows, the minimum Rasbora argyrotaenia and Dawkinsia Rohani fish length was recorded at 10 cm and the maximum Puntius chola fish length was recorded at 40 cm. The minimum Rasbora argyrotaenia fish weight was recorded at 8.73 gm and the maximum Puntius chola fish weight was recorded at 800 gm. The zooplankton were represented by two groups viz., Arthropoda, and Rotifera, and five species Harpacticoida Attheyella, Nauplius (2 sp), Platyias patulus, Hexarthra mira. Zooplankton is an important bioindicator of ecosystem functioning. The minimum Nauplius larva of Cyclops length was recorded at 98.235 μm and 62.32 μm and the maximum Platyias patulus length was recorded at 223.263 μm and 107.263 μm.","PeriodicalId":498144,"journal":{"name":"Uttar Pradesh Journal of Zoology","volume":"27 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138607054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}