Nuclear Data Sheets最新文献

{"title":"Nuclear spectroscopic measurements","authors":"D. Jenkins, J. Wood","doi":"10.1088/978-0-7503-2674-2ch6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/978-0-7503-2674-2ch6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49735,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Data Sheets","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73734739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple models of nuclear structure","authors":"D. Jenkins, J. Wood","doi":"10.1088/978-0-7503-2674-2ch5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/978-0-7503-2674-2ch5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49735,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Data Sheets","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73770151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear deformation and rotations","authors":"D. Jenkins, J. Wood","doi":"10.1088/978-0-7503-2674-2ch3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/978-0-7503-2674-2ch3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49735,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Data Sheets","volume":"2 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83983280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review and Evaluation of the Spontaneous Fission Half-lives of 238Pu, 240Pu, and 242Pu and the Corresponding Specific Fission Rates","authors":"Stephen Croft ,&nbsp;Andrea Favalli","doi":"10.1016/j.nds.2021.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nds.2021.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A widely applied technical measure of nuclear safeguards and nonproliferation for the nondestructive verification and mass-assay of items containing separated plutonium is passive neutron multiplicity counting. The primary source of time correlated passive neutrons is the spontaneous fission of Pu, where the ²⁴⁰Pu is usually the dominant isotope with ²³⁸Pu and ²⁴²Pu also contributing to a degree depending on the grade or burnup of the material. Consequently, knowledge of the ²⁴⁰Pu spontaneous fission rate, expressed as fission per gram per second, and the associated uncertainty is key in interpreting measurement data absolutely. The ²⁴⁰Pu spontaneous fission rate derives (and vice versa) from the ²⁴⁰Pu spontaneous fission half-life. In this work we review and reevaluate the available experimental data on the spontaneous fission (SF) half-life of the Pu isotopes ²³⁸Pu, ²⁴⁰Pu and ²⁴²Pu. The SF half-lives are used to compute the corresponding specific SF rates which are the traditional nuclear data parameters needed for analytical applications, especially the nondestructive assay of plutonium for safety, security and safeguards.</p><p>From 7 measurements we recommend a SF half-life of (4.745 ± 0.083) × 10¹⁰ <em>y</em> for ²³⁸Pu corresponding to a specific SF rate of (1171 ± 20) fis ⋅ s^-1 ⋅ g^-1.</p><p>There are 16 absolute experimental determinations of ²⁴⁰Pu half-life. Based on this evaluation, we find that the weighted mean of the 16 half-life determinations is (1.1608 ± 0.0091) × 10¹¹ <em>y</em> corresponding to a specific SF rate of (474.7 ± 3.7) fis ⋅ s⁻¹ ⋅ g⁻¹, where the relative uncertainty of about 0.78% is the external standard error.</p><p>From 8 measurements we recommend a SF half-life of (6.766 ± 0.037) × 10¹⁰ <em>y</em> for ²⁴²Pu corresponding to a specific SF rate of (807.7 ± 4.4) fis ⋅ s⁻¹ ⋅ g⁻¹. Finally, we conclude that there is a need for more experiments on all three plutonium nuclides using new techniques that have emerged in recent years.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49735,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Data Sheets","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 269-287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.nds.2021.06.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42498635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear Data Sheets for A=214","authors":"Shaofei Zhu,&nbsp;E.A. McCutchan","doi":"10.1016/j.nds.2021.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nds.2021.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Experimental nuclear structure and decay data are evaluated for all of 12 known nuclides of mass 214 (Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, Po, At, Rn, Fr, Ra, Ac, Th, Pa). For each nuclide, detailed evaluated spectroscopic information is presented in each reaction and decay, and the best values combining all available data are recommended for level properties, <em>γ</em> and <em>β</em> radiations, and other spectroscopic properties in the Adopted Levels and Gammas. The present evaluation supersedes the earlier one on A=214 by S.-C. Wu (2009Wu02), published in Nuclear Data Sheets 110, 681 (2009).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49735,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Data Sheets","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 1-149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.nds.2021.06.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42985936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear Data Sheets Symbols and Abbreviations","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0090-3752(21)00041-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0090-3752(21)00041-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49735,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Data Sheets","volume":"175 ","pages":"Page IBC"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0090-3752(21)00041-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136519544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear Data Sheets for A=219","authors":"Balraj Singh ,&nbsp;Gopal Mukherjee ,&nbsp;S.K. Basu ,&nbsp;Srijit Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;Sudeb Bhattacharya ,&nbsp;A. Chakraborti ,&nbsp;A.K. De ,&nbsp;R. Gowrishankar ,&nbsp;A.K. Jain ,&nbsp;Sushil Kumar ,&nbsp;Sukhjeet Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.nds.2021.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nds.2021.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Evaluated experimental structure and decay data are presented for 12 known nuclides of mass 219 (Pb, Bi, Po, At, Rn, Fr, Ra, Ac, Th, Pa, U, Np). Recommended values are given for level parameters, <em>γ</em> and <em>α</em> radiations, and other spectroscopic information. No excited states are known in ²¹⁹Bi, ²¹⁹Po, ²¹⁹Pa, ²¹⁹U and ²¹⁹Np. Except for isotopic identification, no information about its half-life or decay characteristics is available for ²¹⁹Pb. For ²¹⁹Po, several <em>γ</em> rays have been reported from the decay of ²¹⁹Bi <em>β</em>⁻ decay, but no level scheme has been proposed. For ²¹⁹At, only four excited states are known from <em>α</em> decay of ²²³Fr. For ²¹⁹Rn and ²¹⁹Fr, only the low-spin states are known from <em>α</em> decays of ²²³Ra and ²²³Ac, respectively. For ²¹⁹Ra, ²¹⁹Ac and ²¹⁹Th, mainly the data for high-spin states are available from in-beam <em>γ</em>-ray studies. For ²¹⁹Ra, high-spin data are available from 2017He15, 1992Wi02 and 1987Co36, but evaluators find significant differences in relative photon branchings between the three studies. Detailed comments are given in the Adopted dataset for this nuclide. Half-lives of excited states are known only for seven levels in ²¹⁹Rn, thus there is a general lack of knowledge about <em>γ</em>-ray transition probabilities. This work supersedes data in the previous evaluations of A=219 published by 2001Br31, 1992Br10 and 1977Ma30.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49735,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Data Sheets","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 150-268"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.nds.2021.06.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41779914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear Data Sheets for A=123","authors":"Jun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.nds.2021.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nds.2021.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Experimental nuclear structure and decay data are evaluated for all of 15 known nuclides of mass 123 (Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Te, I, Xe, Cs, Ba, La, Ce). For each nuclide, detailed evaluated spectroscopic information is presented in each reaction and decay, and the best values combining all available data are recommended for level properties, <em>γ</em> and <em>β</em> radiations, and other spectroscopic properties. No excited states have been identified in ¹²³Ru, ¹²³Rh and ¹²³Pd. For ¹²³Ag, the long-predicted 1/2⁻ <em>β</em>-emitting isomer has been identified at 60-keV by 2019Ch24 recently, resolving unknown excitation energies in the level scheme that was previously available only from isomeric decays of two isomers (202 ns and 393 ns) with the position and spin-parity of the former remaining unknown. Significant discrepancies exist between data on high-spin sequences based on 11/2⁽⁻⁾ isomer in ¹²³Cd (2002Hw01 and 2016Re05), which needs to be resolved with further experimental investigation. In ¹²³Cs, the 114-ns isomer as the <em>π</em>g_9/2 bandhead proposed at 231.6+x by 2000Gi12 has been resolved by 2004Si26 and 2004Si27 to be the 328-keV level that is proposed by 2000Gi12 as a separate level. Excited states in ¹²³La and ¹²³Ce have only been studied via (HI, xn<em>γ</em>) reactions, with their base levels and thus excitation energies remaining unknown. The <em>β</em>⁻ decay schemes for daughter nuclide ¹²³Cd, ¹²³In and ¹²³Sn and the <em>ε</em> decay schemes for ¹²³Xe, ¹²³Cs and ¹²³Ba are considered incomplete due to large gaps between the highest observed excited levels and the Q-values. ¹²³Sn, ¹²³Sb, ¹²³Te and ¹²³I are the most extensively studied nuclides via various reactions and decays. This work supersedes earlier full evaluations of A=123 by 2004Oh11, 1993Oh12, 1980Ta02 and 1972Au10.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49735,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Data Sheets","volume":"174 ","pages":"Pages 1-463"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.nds.2021.05.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44704580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear Data Sheets Symbols and Abbreviations","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0090-3752(21)00031-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0090-3752(21)00031-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49735,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Data Sheets","volume":"174 ","pages":"Page IBC"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0090-3752(21)00031-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91779556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extensive Study of the Quality of Fission Yields from Experiment, Evaluation and GEF for Antineutrino Studies and Applications","authors":"K.-H. Schmidt ,&nbsp;M. Estienne ,&nbsp;M. Fallot ,&nbsp;S. Cormon ,&nbsp;A. Cucoanes ,&nbsp;T. Shiba ,&nbsp;B. Jurado ,&nbsp;K. Kern ,&nbsp;Ch. Schmitt","doi":"10.1016/j.nds.2021.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nds.2021.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;The understanding of the antineutrino production in fission and the theoretical calculation of the antineutrino energy spectra in different, also future, types of fission reactors rely on the application of the summation method, where the individual contributions from the different radioactive nuclides that undergo a beta decay are estimated and summed up. The most accurate estimation of the independent fission-product yields is essential to this calculation. This is a complex task because the yields depend on the fissioning nucleus and on the energy spectrum of the incident neutrons.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the present contribution, the quality of different sources of information on the fission yields is investigated, and the benefit of a combined analysis is demonstrated. The influence on antineutrino predictions is discussed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In a systematic comparison, the quality of fission-product yields emerging from different experimental techniques is analyzed. The traditional radiochemical method, which is almost exclusively used for evaluations, provides an unambiguous identification in &lt;em&gt;Z&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt;, but it is restricted to a limited number of suitable targets, is slow, and the accuracy suffers from uncertainties in the spectroscopic nuclear properties. Experiments with powerful spectrometers, for example at LOHENGRIN, provide very accurate mass yields and a &lt;em&gt;Z&lt;/em&gt; resolution for light fission products from thermal-neutron-induced fission of a few suitable target nuclei.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;On the theoretical side, the general fission model GEF has been developed. It combines a few general theorems, rules and ideas with empirical knowledge. GEF covers almost all fission observables and is able to reproduce measured data with high accuracy while having remarkable predictive power by establishing and exploiting unexpected systematics and hidden regularities in the fission observables. In this article, we have coupled for the first time the GEF predictions for the fission yields to fission-product beta-decay data in a summation calculation of reactor antineutrino energy spectra. The first comparisons performed between the spectra from GEF and those obtained with the evaluated nuclear databases exhibited large discrepancies that highlighted the exigency of the modelisation of the antineutrino spectra and showing their usefulness in the evaluation of nuclear data. Additional constraints for the GEF model were thus needed in order to reach the level of accuracy required by the antineutrino energy spectra. The combination of a careful study of the independent isotopic yields and the adjunction of the LOHENGRIN fission-yield data as additional constraints led to a substantially improved agreement between the antineutrino spectra computed with GEF and with the evaluated data. The comparison of inverse beta-decay yields computed with GEF with those measured by the Daya Bay experiment shows the excellent level of predictiveness of the GEF model for the fundamen","PeriodicalId":49735,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Data Sheets","volume":"173 ","pages":"Pages 54-117"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.nds.2021.04.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86080505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}