Nursing Inquiry最新文献

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Standards of proficiency for registered nurses-To what end? A critical analysis of contemporary mental health nursing within the United Kingdom context. 注册护士的能力标准--目的何在?对英国当代精神健康护理的批判性分析。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Nursing Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12630
Oladayo Bifarin, Freya Collier-Sewell, Grahame Smith, Jo Moriarty, Han Shephard, Lauren Andrews, Sam Pearson, Mari Kasperska
{"title":"Standards of proficiency for registered nurses-To what end? A critical analysis of contemporary mental health nursing within the United Kingdom context.","authors":"Oladayo Bifarin, Freya Collier-Sewell, Grahame Smith, Jo Moriarty, Han Shephard, Lauren Andrews, Sam Pearson, Mari Kasperska","doi":"10.1111/nin.12630","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nin.12630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Against the backdrop of cultural and political ideals, this article highlights both the significance of mental health nursing in meeting population needs and the regulatory barriers that may be impeding its ability to adequately do so. Specifically, we consider how ambiguous notions of 'proficiency' in nurse education-prescribed by the regulator-impact the development of future mental health nurses and their mental health nursing identity. A key tension in mental health practice is the ethical-legal challenges posed by sanctioned powers to restrict patients' freedom at the same time as the desire (and obligation) to promote patients' self-determined recovery. The genericism of the UK's Future Nurse Standards do little to prepare mental health nurses to navigate the tensions that ensue. This has consequences for nurses and patients alike, as both risk experiencing the distress and dissonance that attends giving or receiving poor care. We argue that more needs to be done to enable mental health nurses to define and articulate the nuances of the profession as part of becoming critical, thoughtful and confident practitioners. Educators can contribute to this mission by aligning curriculum, pedagogy and assessment to create meaningful opportunities for mental health nursing students to engage with the complexities of mental health nursing practice. Without this, the credibility of the profession will continue to be questioned; its future uncertain.</p>","PeriodicalId":49727,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"e12630"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140023112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Supply and demand: Brokerage as the new tango in home care. 供求关系:中介是家庭护理的新探戈。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Nursing Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12649
Jenny Mee, Linda Jones, Jeong-Ah Kim
{"title":"Supply and demand: Brokerage as the new tango in home care.","authors":"Jenny Mee, Linda Jones, Jeong-Ah Kim","doi":"10.1111/nin.12649","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nin.12649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The performance of home care globally is significantly impacted by the political reforms in the public and private sectors. This research investigated the Australian contexts of home care quality and the use of \"brokerage\" during times of change. The research utilised a qualitative post-structural approach to gather data about home care service provision through conducting semi-structured interviews of 10 Australian home care business leaders. What emerged in the discourse was how central to everyday practices was the need for business leaders to network and 'dance a political tango' to ensure quality in service provision. Illuminated was how the leaders pushed back against governmental and economic structures by using models of brokerage to compensate for economic and staffing deficiencies. This is essential for the ongoing improvement and performance of home care in the Australian social arena of caring for our most vulnerable consumers.</p>","PeriodicalId":49727,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"e12649"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A suffering body, hidden away from others: The experience of being long-term bedridden with severe myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome in childhood and adolescence. 痛苦的身体,远离他人:童年和青少年时期患严重肌痛性脑脊髓炎/慢性疲劳综合征而长期卧床的经历。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Nursing Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-27 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12625
Silje Helen Krabbe, Wenche Schrøder Bjorbækmo, Anne Marit Mengshoel, Unni Sveen, Karen Synne Groven
{"title":"A suffering body, hidden away from others: The experience of being long-term bedridden with severe myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome in childhood and adolescence.","authors":"Silje Helen Krabbe, Wenche Schrøder Bjorbækmo, Anne Marit Mengshoel, Unni Sveen, Karen Synne Groven","doi":"10.1111/nin.12625","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nin.12625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this article, we present findings from a qualitative study examining how young women experience being long-term bedridden with myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), also known as chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), during childhood and adolescence. The aim is to explore how young women who fell ill with ME/CFS during childhood and adolescence look back on their lived experience of being long-term bedridden from the vantage point of being fully or partially recovered. Informed by a phenomenological theoretical perspective, the researchers applied a narrative methodological approach involving the analysis of interviews with 13 women, aged 16-29 years at the time of the interview. Attention was particularly paid to how participants structured their narratives and to the events (telling moments) they identified as important. Four major storylines were developed: Ambivalent responses to the presence of others; A body on the edge of life; An eternity in the dark; and Recasting painful memories of being bedridden and alone. Based on our findings, we argue that the experience of being long-term bedridden with ME/CFS during childhood and adolescence can be understood and communicated as a plot in which individuals find themselves pushed to the extreme limit of suffering and loneliness.</p>","PeriodicalId":49727,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"e12625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139571936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How can strategies based on performance measurement and feedback support changes in nursing practice? A theoretical reflection drawing on Habermas' social perspective. 基于绩效衡量和反馈的战略如何支持护理实践的变革?从哈贝马斯的社会视角进行理论思考。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Nursing Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12628
Emilie Dufour, Arnaud Duhoux
{"title":"How can strategies based on performance measurement and feedback support changes in nursing practice? A theoretical reflection drawing on Habermas' social perspective.","authors":"Emilie Dufour, Arnaud Duhoux","doi":"10.1111/nin.12628","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nin.12628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Strategies based on performance measurement and feedback are commonly used to support quality improvement among nurses. These strategies require practice change, which, for nurses, rely to a large extent on their capacity to coordinate with each other effectively. However, the levers for coordinated action are difficult to mobilize. This discussion paper offers a theoretical reflection on the challenges related to coordinating nurses' actions in the context of practice changes initiated by performance measurement and feedback strategies. We explore how Jürgen Habermas' theory of Communicative Action may shed light on the issues underlying nurses' collective actions and self-determination in practice change and the implications for the design of strategies based on performance measurement and feedback. Based on this theory, we propose differences between communicative and functional coordination according to the nature of the actions and the purposes involved. The domains of action underlying these coordination processes, which Habermas referred to as the lifeworld and the system, are then used to draw a parallel with aspects of nursing practice. Further exploration of these concepts allows us to consider the tensions between the demands of the system and the self-determination of nurses within their practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":49727,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"e12628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The emergence of cultural safety within kidney care for Indigenous Peoples in Australia. 澳大利亚土著居民肾脏护理中出现的文化安全问题。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Nursing Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12626
Melissa Arnold-Ujvari, Elizabeth Rix, Janet Kelly
{"title":"The emergence of cultural safety within kidney care for Indigenous Peoples in Australia.","authors":"Melissa Arnold-Ujvari, Elizabeth Rix, Janet Kelly","doi":"10.1111/nin.12626","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nin.12626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cultural safety is increasingly recognised as imperative to delivering accessible and acceptable healthcare for First Nations Peoples within Australia and in similar colonised countries. A literature review undertaken to inform the inaugural Caring for Australians with Renal Insufficiency (CARI) guidelines for clinically and culturally safe kidney care for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples revealed a timeline of the emergence of culturally safe kidney care in Australia. Thirty years ago, kidney care literature was purely biomedically focused, with culture, family and community viewed as potential barriers to patient 'compliance' with treatment. The importance of culturally informed care was increasingly recognised in the mid-1990s, with cultural safety within kidney care specifically cited from 2014 onwards. The emergence timeline is discussed in this paper in relation to the five principles of cultural safety developed by Māori nurse Irihapeti Ramsden in Aotearoa/New Zealand. These principles are critical reflection, communication, minimising power differences, decolonisation and ensuring one does not demean or disempower. For the kidney care workforce, culturally safe care requires ongoing critical reflection, deep active listening skills, decolonising approaches and the eradication of institutional racism. Cultural safety is the key to truly working in partnership, increasing Indigenous Governance, respectful collaboration and redesigning kidney care.</p>","PeriodicalId":49727,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"e12626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140111970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Finding meaning in complex care nursing in a hospital setting. 在医院环境中寻找复杂护理的意义。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Nursing Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12633
Felice Borghmans, Stella Laletas, Venesser Fernandes, Harvey Newnham
{"title":"Finding meaning in complex care nursing in a hospital setting.","authors":"Felice Borghmans, Stella Laletas, Venesser Fernandes, Harvey Newnham","doi":"10.1111/nin.12633","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nin.12633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the experiences of nurses that provide 'complex', generalist healthcare in hospital settings. Complex care is described as care for patients experiencing acute issues additional to multimorbidity, ageing or psychosocial complexity. Nurses are the largest professional group of frontline healthcare workers and patients experiencing chronic conditions are overrepresented in acute care settings. Research exploring nurses' experiences of hospital-based complex care is limited, however. This study aims to add to what is known currently. Four 'complex care' nurses undertook in-depth semistructured interviews and their narratives were analysed using the conceptual framework of complex adaptive phenomenology. Two overarching themes constituting the 'essence' of complex care nursing were identified: Contextual factors and attribute/value-based elements. Creating meaningful patient outcomes and feeling part of a team were experienced as fulfilling, whereas time constraints, institutional settings and systemic barriers to comprehensive caregiving diminished the experience of providing complex care. Overall, work meaning presented as a dynamic phenomenon, shaped by personal and professional values, local settings and systemic factors. It is recommended that more expansive research be undertaken to explore the experience of complex care for nurses. Such knowledge can contribute to initiatives that draw a skilled, effective and engaged hospital-based complex care nursing workforce.</p>","PeriodicalId":49727,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"e12633"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A guide to understanding big data for the nurse scientist: A discursive paper. 护士科学家了解大数据指南:一篇论述性论文。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Nursing Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12648
Henry Ofori Duah, Samantha Boch, Sara Arter, Nichole Nidey, Joshua Lambert
{"title":"A guide to understanding big data for the nurse scientist: A discursive paper.","authors":"Henry Ofori Duah, Samantha Boch, Sara Arter, Nichole Nidey, Joshua Lambert","doi":"10.1111/nin.12648","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nin.12648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Big data refers to extremely large data generated at high volume, velocity, variety, and veracity. The nurse scientist is uniquely positioned to leverage big data to suggest novel hypotheses on patient care and the healthcare system. The purpose of this paper is to provide an introductory guide to understanding the use and capability of big data for nurse scientists. Herein, we discuss the practical, ethical, social, and educational implications of using big data in nursing research. Some practical challenges with the use of big data include data accessibility, data quality, missing data, variable data standards, fragmentation of health data, and software considerations. Opposing ethical positions arise with the use of big data, and arguments for and against the use of big data are underpinned by concerns about confidentiality, anonymity, and autonomy. The use of big data has health equity dimensions and addressing equity in data is an ethical imperative. There is a need to incorporate competencies needed to leverage big data for nursing research into advanced nursing educational curricula. Nursing science has a great opportunity to evolve and embrace the potential of big data. Nurse scientists should not be spectators but collaborators and drivers of policy change to better leverage and harness the potential of big data.</p>","PeriodicalId":49727,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"e12648"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141312057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"There is nothing to protect us from dying": Black women's perceived sense of safety accessing pregnancy and intrapartum care. "没有什么能保护我们不死":黑人妇女对怀孕和产前护理的安全感。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Nursing Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12638
Priscilla N Boakye, Nadia Prendergast
{"title":"\"There is nothing to protect us from dying\": Black women's perceived sense of safety accessing pregnancy and intrapartum care.","authors":"Priscilla N Boakye, Nadia Prendergast","doi":"10.1111/nin.12638","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nin.12638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnancy and childbirth have become a dangerous journey for Black women as harrowing stories of death and near-death experiences resonate within Black communities. While the causes of pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality are well documented, little is known about how Black Canadian women feel protected from undesirable maternal health outcomes when accessing and receiving pregnancy and intrapartum care. This critical qualitative inquiry sheds light on Black women's perceived sense of safety in accessing pregnancy and intrapartum care. Twenty-four in-depth interviews were conducted with Black women who were pregnant or had given birth. Five interconnected themes were generated through thematic analysis: (1) There is a lot of prejudice towards us, (2) We are treated as sick bodies, (3) There is a lot of stereotypes towards us, (4) Our care is lacking in quality, and (5) We feel unsafe in the healthcare system. These themes highlight the perils faced by Black women accessing pregnancy and intrapartum care. The right to safe motherhood and equitable care for Black women should be a national priority in Canada to avert a looming crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49727,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"e12638"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140295109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How much do we know about nursing care delivery models in a hospital setting? A mapping review. 我们对医院环境中的护理服务模式了解多少?图谱回顾。
IF 2.2 4区 医学
Nursing Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-27 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12636
Klara Geltmeyer, Kristof Eeckloo, Laurence Dehennin, Emma De Meester, Sigrid De Meyer, Eva Pape, Margot Vanmeenen, Veerle Duprez, Simon Malfait
{"title":"How much do we know about nursing care delivery models in a hospital setting? A mapping review.","authors":"Klara Geltmeyer, Kristof Eeckloo, Laurence Dehennin, Emma De Meester, Sigrid De Meyer, Eva Pape, Margot Vanmeenen, Veerle Duprez, Simon Malfait","doi":"10.1111/nin.12636","DOIUrl":"10.1111/nin.12636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To deal with the upcoming challenges and complexity of the nursing profession, it is deemed important to reflect on our current organization of care. However, before starting to rethink the organization of nursing care, an overview of important elements concerning nursing care organization, more specifically nursing models, is necessary. The aim of this study was to conduct a mapping review, accompanied by an evidence map to map the existing literature, to map the field of knowledge on a meta-level and to identify current research gaps concerning nursing models in a hospital setting. Next to nursing models, two other organizational correlates seem to be of importance when looking at the organization of nursing care: nurse staffing and skill mix. Although it seems that in recent research, the theoretical focus on the organization of nursing care has been left behind, the increasingly complex healthcare environment might gain from the use of nursing theory, or in this case, care delivery models. As almost no fundamental studies have been done toward the combination of care delivery models, nurse staffing, and skill mix, those elements should be taken into account to fully capture the organization of nursing care in future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":49727,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"e12636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140295111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Understanding person‐centered care within a complex social context: A qualitative study of Saudi Arabian acute care nursing 在复杂的社会背景下理解以人为本的护理:沙特阿拉伯急症护理定性研究
IF 2.3 4区 医学
Nursing Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1111/nin.12650
Mashael Hasan Alamrani, Shira Birnbaum
{"title":"Understanding person‐centered care within a complex social context: A qualitative study of Saudi Arabian acute care nursing","authors":"Mashael Hasan Alamrani, Shira Birnbaum","doi":"10.1111/nin.12650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/nin.12650","url":null,"abstract":"Policy reforms implemented in Saudi Arabia in recent years aim to modernize the culture and infrastructure of healthcare delivery and are expected to integrate person‐ and patient‐centered care principles throughout the national healthcare system. However, in a complex multicultural environment where most nurses are international migrant workers, unique challenges emerge that frame the delivery of care. Better understanding is needed about what nurses perceive to be high‐quality, person‐centered care in Saudi Arabia and how they manage to enact it in practice. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 21 nurses working in two tertiary hospitals in Riyadh, the capital city. Participants included Saudi citizens (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 9) and expatriates (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 12) who were asked to describe their perceptions of quality nursing care and explain the obstacles that they encounter in providing such care. Nurses reported extensive efforts to achieve individualized, empathetic, developmentally appropriate care. Their descriptions of care aligned with principles of patient‐centeredness in care but were not separable from challenges at the patient, organizational, and regional levels, including staffing and supplies shortages, gaps in regional care coordination, inadequate language translation services, variability in cultural beliefs about healthcare communication, and overt discrimination against expatriate workers. Nurses reported creative strategies to achieve professional nursing values while navigating a dynamic landscape of constraints. The findings add to literature suggesting that person‐centeredness in care cannot be understood outside the social and organizational conditions that shape it.","PeriodicalId":49727,"journal":{"name":"Nursing Inquiry","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141500929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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