Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Thyroid Ethanol and Radiofrequency Ablation: A Call for Patient-Friendly Online Resources.","authors":"Monica H Xing, Ariana L Shaari, John E Beute, Jun Yun, Raymond L Chai","doi":"10.1159/000535657","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The multiple treatment options available to patients with thyroid nodules can generate uncertainty and confusion. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and ethanol ablation (EA) are two alternative modalities to manage thyroid nodules. As patients more frequently utilize online resources to guide their decision-making, the quality of such resources must be evaluated. The goal of this study was to assess the quality of online patient materials relating to RFA and EA compared to standard thyroidectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The terms \"thyroidectomy,\" \"thyroid radiofrequency ablation,\" and \"thyroid ethanol ablation\" were searched on Google. Flesch Reading Ease (FRE), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), and Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT) understandability and actionability were calculated for each website. Statistical analysis was conducted on SPSS Statistics. Google trends were used to determine search interest for each term (May 2016 - May 2021).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 77 websites that met our inclusion criteria (30 thyroidectomy sites, 30 RFA sites, and 17 EA sites), the average FRE, FKGL, and SMOG scores of the RFA websites were significantly worse than those of the thyroidectomy websites (p &lt; 0.05). The FKGL and SMOG scores of the EA websites were significantly worse than those of the thyroidectomy websites (p &lt; 0.05). The average understandability and actionability scores for thyroidectomy websites were significantly higher than those of RFA and EA websites (p &lt; 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ablation websites have lower search interest, readability, validity, understandability, and actionability scores in comparison to traditional thyroidectomy websites. Our findings emphasize the need to consider readability and PEMAT scores when developing online educational resources for ablative alternatives to thyroidectomy to allow for greater patient accessibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"82-88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139681814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anterior Skull Base Abnormalities in Congenital Anosmia.","authors":"Xiaoguang Yan, Hakim Benkhatar, Yun-Ting Chao, Charalampos Georgiopoulos, Thomas Hummel","doi":"10.1159/000532077","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000532077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The structures of the skull and the brain are related to each other. Prior work in individuals with isolated congenital anosmia (ICA) showed that these individuals were characterized by olfactory bulb (OB) defects. The aim of this study was to compare the morphological pattern of the anterior skull base surrounding the OB between individuals with ICA and normosmic controls. We meant to investigate whether these features can help distinguish abnormalities from normal variation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study to acquire T2-weighted magnetic resonance images from individuals diagnosed with ICA (n = 31) and healthy, normosmic controls matched for age and gender (n = 62). Between both groups, we compared the depth and width of the olfactory fossa, the angle of the ethmoidal fovea, as well as the angle of the lateral lamella of the cribriform plate. Within the ICA group, we further performed subgroup analyses based on the presence or absence of the OB, to investigate whether the morphology of the anterior skull base relates to the presence of OBs. The diagnostic performance of these parameters was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with ICA exhibited a flattened ethmoid roof and shallower olfactory fossa when compared to controls. Further, the absence of the OB was found to be associated with a higher degree of flattening of the ethmoid roof and a shallow olfactory fossa. We reached the results in the following areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves: 0.80 - angle of fovea ethmoidalis, 0.76 - depth of olfactory fossa, 0.70 - angle of lateral lamella of the cribriform plate for significant differentiation between individuals with ICA and normosmic controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Individuals with ICA exhibited an unusual anterior skull base surrounding the OB. This study supports the idea of an integrated development of OB and anterior skull base. Hence, the morphological pattern of the anterior skull base surrounding the OB helps distinguish individuals with ICA from normosmic controls and may therefore be useful for the diagnosis of ICA, although it is certainly not an invariable sign of congenital anosmia.</p>","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10050857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olfactory Carcinoma, Similar yet Distinct to Olfactory Neuroblastoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Mohammad Bilal Alsavaf, Basit Jawad, Eman H Salem, Kittichai Mongkolkul, Abberly Lott Limbach, Daniel M Prevedello, Ricardo Carrau","doi":"10.1159/000541170","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Olfactory carcinoma (OC) is a rare tumor that is often misdiagnosed as olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB). Due to its rarity, there is no established standard treatment for OC, and there have been no reports of successful long-term follow-up treatment yet.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Two male patients, aged 54 and 48 years, presented with similar symptoms of nasal obstruction, anosmia, facial swelling, and epistaxis. Imaging in both cases revealed large, locally advanced sinonasal neoplasms. Initial biopsies were concerning for ONB; however, final pathological analyses confirmed high-grade OC. Treatment comprised induction chemotherapy, extensive skull base tumor resection, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, and reconstructive surgery in both cases. The 54-year-old remains disease-free at 7 years, while the 48-year-old demonstrates no evidence of disease at 8 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Accurate diagnostic differentiation is imperative to optimize a treatment approach. Although outcomes with OC tend to be worse than those of ONB, effective control can be achieved with judicious concurrent use of neoadjuvant, surgery, and adjuvant treatments. Ongoing surveillance, biobanking, and genomic analysis are crucial to gain a better understanding of this complex disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"211-216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142394735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital Absence of Stapes Suprastructure and Footplate: A Case Report.","authors":"Sunicha Jiraboonsri, Pornsek Tananuchittikul","doi":"10.1159/000536492","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000536492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Congenital ossicular chain anomalies are rare conductive hearing loss conditions that remain difficult to diagnose even with high-resolution computed tomography (CT). The preoperative diagnosis is helpful for surgical planning and counseling patients regarding treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report a case involving a 14-year-old boy presenting with left conductive hearing loss without history of trauma for 5 years, physical examination showed normal otoscopic examination bilaterally and high-resolution CT showed absent of stapes suprastructure and footplate. Subsequent diagnosis was done via endoscopic middle ear exploration which revealed an absent long process of the incus, stapes suprastructure and footplate, but with intact oval window membrane. The residual incus was removed, and a tragal perichondrium graft was used over the oval window. A total ossicular replacement prosthesis was placed between the malleus and oval window to repair the chain. Postoperatively, the patient had no complications. Preoperative pure tone average revealed an air/bone result of 52/8 dB. Follow-up after surgery at 6 months showed a pure tone average air/bone result of 15/3 dB. The air-bone gap was reduced from 44 to 12 dB.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Congenital absence of the stapes suprastructure and footplate remains a rare condition compared to the myriad of middle ear anomalies in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"101-106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140023111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Normalising Serum Zinc Level for Patients with Olfactory Dysfunction and Zinc Deficiency.","authors":"Hirotaka Tanaka, Eri Mori, Nagomi Yonezawa, Rumi Sekine, Monami Nagai, Masayoshi Tei, Nobuyoshi Otori","doi":"10.1159/000538594","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Zinc deficiency may worsen the severity of olfactory dysfunction; however, the relationship between serum zinc levels and therapeutic effects on olfactory dysfunction remains uncertain. This study investigated the relationship between normalising serum zinc levels and the therapeutic effects on olfactory dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-two patients diagnosed with post-infectious, post-traumatic, and idiopathic olfactory dysfunction, with serum zinc levels &lt;70 μg/dL, were included in the study. All patients were treated with mecobalamin, tokishakuyakusan, and polaprezinc. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the zinc-normalised (≥70 μg/dL) and zinc-deficient (&lt;70 μg/dL) groups, based on their post-treatment serum zinc levels. Olfactory test results were compared in each of the 2 groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patients were treated for a median of 133 days. The zinc-normalised group had significantly better results in all olfactory tests (detection/recognition thresholds of the T&amp;T olfactometer, odour identification test (Open Essence), Visual Analogue Scale for olfactory dysfunction, and self-administered odour questionnaire). In contrast, only the self-administered odour questionnaire showed a significant improvement in the zinc-deficient group, with no significant differences observed in the other olfactory tests. When comparing the changes in the olfactory test scores between the 2 groups, significant differences were observed in the detection/recognition thresholds of the T&amp;T olfactometer test and Open Essence results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that patients with olfactory dysfunction may have difficulty improving their olfactory function if they also have zinc deficiency. Furthermore, normalisation of zinc deficiency may contribute to the improvement of olfactory dysfunction with general treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"73-81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140867970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palmitoylethanolamide and Luteolin for Postinfectious Olfactory Disorders: How Clinically Meaningful Is Its Effect?","authors":"Janine Gellrich, Linda Czaplewski, Antje Hähner, Thomas Hummel","doi":"10.1159/000539651","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The prevalence of post-viral olfactory dysfunction has increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic, posing a major challenge for patients and practitioners. While olfactory training (OT) is a common approach to therapy, there has been increasing interest in supplementing therapy with a combination of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and luteolin (LUT), which are known for their anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, their efficacy in the treatment of patients with olfactory loss following upper respiratory tract infections, mainly COVID-19, was investigated in an outpatient clinic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty patients with persistent olfactory dysfunction were randomized to two groups: one receiving OT and PEA-LUT, the other OT alone. Olfactory function was evaluated before and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study group showed significant improvements in odor discrimination and overall olfactory function (TDI score) after treatment with PEA-LUT and OT, while the control group did not. However, when clinically meaningful improvements were considered, there was no significant difference between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study suggests that while PEA-LUT may have the potential to improve olfactory function in post-viral dysfunction, the additional benefit over OT alone may be limited. These results contrast with some previous studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"118-123"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141307164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subjective versus Psychophysical Measures of Chemosensory Alterations following COVID-19.","authors":"Brandon J Vilarello, Patricia T Jacobson, Clayton J Snyder, Tse-Hwei Choo, Liam W Gallagher, Francesco F Caruana, Jeremy P Tervo, Joseph B Gary, Tiana M Saak, David A Gudis, Paule V Joseph, Terry E Goldberg, Devangere P Devanand, Jonathan B Overdevest","doi":"10.1159/000539378","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Olfactory dysfunction is a common symptom of COVID-19. However, subjective perception of olfactory function does not always correlate well with more objective measures. This study seeks to clarify associations between subjective and psychophysical measures of olfaction and gustation in patients with subjective chemosensory dysfunction following COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults with persistent COVID-19-associated chemosensory disturbance were recruited for a prospective, longitudinal cohort study at a tertiary care institution. Participants provided subjective measures of olfactory and gustatory function and underwent psychophysical assessment using Sniffin' Sticks olfactory and Monell gustatory tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data analysis (n = 65) showed a statistically significant association between subjective and psychophysical measures of olfaction (p < 0.001). For each one-point increase in subjectively-reported olfactory ability, there is, on average, a 0.11 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.16; p < 0.001) point increase in TDI score while adjusting for age at baseline assessment, sex, and follow-up time. For each one-point increase in subjectively-reported olfactory ability, there is, on average, a 0.04 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.06; p < 0.001) point and 0.05 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.07; p < 0.001) point increase in discrimination and identification scores, respectively, when adjusting for age at baseline assessment, sex, and follow-up time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Subjective olfaction shows a mild to moderate association with psychophysical measures, but it fails to comprehensively assess persistent COVID-19-associated chemosensory deficits. The lack of significant association between subjective olfaction and threshold limits the utility of subjective olfaction in tracking recovery. These findings support the push for more widespread psychophysical chemosensory testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"107-117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11585663/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141155537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Intranasal Function of the Trigeminal Nerve in Daily Clinical Practice.","authors":"Konstantinos Garefis, Dimitrios Markou, Angelos Chatziavramidis, Vasilios Nikolaidis, Konstantinos Markou, Iordanis Konstantinidis","doi":"10.1159/000536645","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000536645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The trigeminal nerve is a mixed cranial nerve responsible for the motor innervation of the masticatory muscles and the sensory innervation of the face, including the nasal cavities. Through its nasal innervation, we perceive sensations, such as cooling, tingling, and burning, while the trigeminal system mediates the perception of airflow. However, the intranasal trigeminal system has received little attention in the clinical evaluation of patients with nasal pathology.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Testing methods that enable the clinical assessment of intranasal trigeminal function have recently been developed. This study aims to present the current clinical methods that can be utilised in everyday practice, as described in the literature. These methods include four assessment techniques: (1) the quick screening test of trigeminal sensitivity involves patients rating the intensity of ammonium vapour presented in a lipstick-like container. (2) The lateralisation test requires subjects to identify which nasal cavity is being stimulated by a trigeminal stimulus, such as eucalyptol or menthol, while the other side receives an odourless stimulus. (3) The trigeminal sticks test evaluates the trigeminal function similarly to the olfactory function using sticks filled with trigeminal stimulant liquids. (4) The automated CO2 stimulation device is used for measuring trigeminal pain thresholds, utilising intranasal CO2 stimuli to define the pain threshold.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Assessing intranasal trigeminal function clinically may prove useful in evaluating rhinology patients, particularly those who encounter nasal obstruction without anatomical blockage and those experiencing olfactory disorders with suspected trigeminal dysfunction. Despite their limitations, the presented methods may provide useful information about nasal patency, chemosensitivity, and pain sensation in the daily clinical practice of such patients, leading to better therapeutic decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"55-64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139708323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Evidence for the Effects of Gentamicin on Vertical Semicircular Canals.","authors":"Salman Khan, Alexandra E Quimby, Tiffany P Hwa, Douglas C Bigelow, Jason Brant, Michael J Ruckenstein","doi":"10.1159/000537916","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000537916","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gentamicin is a vestibulotoxic antibiotic often used in patients with Ménière's disease for its vestibular ablative effects. Gentamicin's effect on the horizontal semicircular canal does not always correlate with the degree of vertigo control achieved by patients; its effect on the vertical semicircular canals remains unknown. We sought to examine the effect of intratympanic gentamicin on vertical semicircular canal function in patients with Ménière's disease using video head impulse testing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective case series was carried out at a tertiary academic center. Patients with Ménière's disease who received ≥1 intratympanic gentamicin injection from 2019-2022 and had video head impulse testing performed were included. Outcomes of interest were vertical semicircular canal function following intratympanic gentamicin, correlations between vertical semicircular canal function and horizontal semicircular canal function, and residual symptoms following injection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten patients met inclusion criteria. Twenty percent had abnormal V-SCC function prior to any injection and 40% following the first injection. There was an association between abnormal vertical and horizontal semicircular canal function following the first intratympanic gentamicin injection, though the relationship did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.058). While patients with abnormal vertical semicircular canal function following the first injection were less likely to report ongoing vertigo attacks, the relationship was not statistically significant (p = 0.260).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Intratympanic gentamicin leads to changes in vertical semicircular canal function in at least a proportion of patients with Ménière's disease. Further study is required to better assess correlations between vertical semicircular canal function and symptom control following intratympanic gentamicin.</p>","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"89-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139933853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facial Filler Injections: Questions Patients Ask and Where They Find Answers.","authors":"Stylianos Monos, Christian Fritz, Beatrice Go, Karthik Rajasekaran","doi":"10.1159/000541497","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The most pressing questions patients ask about facial fillers and the sources to which patients are directed remain incompletely understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The search engine optimization tool Ahrefs was utilized to extract Google metadata on searches performed in the USA. The most frequently asked questions were categorized by topic, while websites were categorized by authoring organization. JAMA benchmark criteria were used for website information quality assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 300 questions for the term \"fillers\" were extracted. The majority of search queries (24.0%) and monthly search volume (39.3%) pertained to procedural costs. The mean JAMA score for private practice sources (1.1 ± 0.57) was significantly lower than that of corporate sources (2.6 ± 0.55, p = 0.0003) but not significantly lower than academic pages (1.6 ± 1.34, p = 0.483). With respect to monthly search volume, queries concerning lip fillers have been increasingly asked at a rate that exceeds other injection sites.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Online searches for facial fillers often involve the topic of cost and frequently direct patients to websites that contain inadequate information on authorship, attribution, disclosure, and currency. When compared to other anatomic sites, search queries involving lip fillers have increased over the last 3 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":49717,"journal":{"name":"Orl-Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery","volume":" ","pages":"164-173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}